,Unit 3Life in the future,Period 3Learning about Language,语法专题课,过去分词作状语和定语,Unit 3Life in the future,高二英语必修5-Unit-3-Period-3课件,【课前热身】,根据句意用所给词的,正确形式填空并体会其用法。,1._(beat)by the opposite team,we didnt lose,heart and encouraged each other.,2.The professor,_(follow,)by his assistants,walked out of the hall.,Beaten,followed,【课前热身】Beatenfollowed,3.,When _(ask)her future plans,the girl said,that she wanted to be a teacher.,4.The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we,lay _(relax)and dreaming.,5._(encourage)by his parents,but he still,has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.,6.The girl met with an accident when crossing the,road,_(wound,)in the head.,asked,relaxed,Encouraged,wounded,3.When _(ask)her future,【课堂诠解】,.过去分词作状语,一、过去分词作状语的用法,过去分词在句中作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子,可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等,它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,过去分词所表示的动作与主语之间是动宾关系,即被动关系。,【课堂诠解】,1.作时间状语。,相当于一个由when,while或after等引导的时间状语,从句。,When it is seen from the top of the hill,the park,looks more beautiful.,=_ from,the top of the hill,the park looks more,beautiful.,从山顶往下看,这座公园看起来更漂亮。,Seen,1.作时间状语。Seen,2.作原因状语。,相当于一个由as,since或because等引导的原因状语,从句。,Because the teacher was satisfied with what he did,the teacher praised him in class.,=_ with,what he did,the teacher praised him,in class.,Satisfied,2.作原因状语。Satisfied,由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他。,由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他。,3.作条件状语。,相当于一个由if,once或unless等引导的条件状语,从句。,If we are united,we stand;if we are divided we fall.,=_,we stand;_,we fall,.,团结就是胜利;分裂必然失败。,United,divided,3.作条件状语。Uniteddivided,4.作让步状语。,相当于一个由though,although或even if,even though,等引导的让步状语从句,这类分词或分词短语一般放在,句子前面。,Though he was laughed by many people,he continued,his study.,=_ by,many people,he continued his study.,虽然遭到很多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究。,Laughed,4.作让步状语。Laughed,5.作方式或伴随状语。,若有连词as if,就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句;,若无连词,则转换为并列结构。,She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the,moving film.,=She was in tears as,if _ _,by the moving,film.,她眼泪汪汪,好像被这部感人的电影深深打动了。,deeply,moved,5.作方式或伴随状语。deeplymoved,She sat by the window,and she was lost in thought.,=She sat by the,window,_ _ _.,她坐在窗户边,陷入了沉思。,lost,in,thought,She sat by the window,and sh,【易混辨析】,过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别,形式,意义,过去分词,表示的动作与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表被动,现在分词,表示的动作与主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表主动,【易混辨析】过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别形式意义过去分,Seen,in the distance,the village looks more beautiful.,从远处看,这个村庄看上去更漂亮。(see和the village之间是逻辑上的动宾关系),Seeing,from the hill,we can see a beautiful village.,从山上看,我们可以看到一个漂亮的村庄。(see和we之间是逻辑上的主谓关系),Seen in the distance,the vi,二、过去分词作状语的注意事项,1.过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如when,though,although,as if,as though,if,unless,until,once等,表时间、让步、条件、方式等。,二、过去分词作状语的注意事项,_(he was)_ about it,he could hardly,hold back his feelings.,当被问及此事,他难以控制自己的感情。,_(I am)_,I wont attend the party.,除非受到邀请,否则我不会参加聚会。,When,asked,Unless,invited,_(he was)_ about i,2.过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子,的主语要一致。,The film star got off the train and she was,surrounded by her fans.,=The film star got off the train,_,by her,fans.,那位电影明星走下火车,被她的粉丝团团围住。,surrounded,2.过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子sur,After the plan was discussed many times,the plan was carried out at last.,=_ many,times,the plan was carried out at last.,在讨论了许多次之后,这个计划最终被执行了。,Discussed,After the plan was discussed,3.有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状,态。常见的有:satisfied,surprised,excited,delighted,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。,_ at,what had happened,Tom didnt know what to do.,汤姆对所发生的事情感到非常惊讶,以至于不知如何是好。,Surprised,3.有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状Surpr,【巧学助记】,分词作状语记忆口诀,分词作状语,主语是问题。,逗号前后两动作,共用一主语。,主语找出后,再来判关系。,主动用-ing,被动用-ed,having(been)done表先后,千万要牢记。,【巧学助记】分词作状语记忆口诀,.过去分词作定语,作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。,.过去分词作定语,1.单个过去分词作定语时,常常放在被修饰的词语,之前。,We must adapt our,thinking to _ _,_.,我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。,Autumn comes,and there are _ _ _,on the street.秋天来了,街上有很多落叶。,the,changed,conditions,many,fallen,leaves,1.单个过去分词作定语时,常常放在被修饰的词语thech,【名师指津】,如果单个过去分词所修饰的词语为不定代词nothing,anything,something 或指示代词those,this,these 等时,过去分词常常放在被修饰的词语后面。,【名师指津】,Nothing reported in the newspaper interested me.,报纸上所报道的事情都不能吸引我。,I want to find out someone related to the matter.,我想要找出与那件事情相关的人。,Nothing reported in the newsp,2.过去分词短语作定语,常常放在被修饰的词语之后,其作用相当于一个定语从句。过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号隔开。,2.过去分词短语作定语,常常放在被修饰的词语之后,其作,The,concert _ _ their friends was a success.,他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。,The meeting,_ _ over,five thousand,people,welcomed the great hero.,他们举行了欢迎伟大英雄的聚会,到会的有五千多人。,given,by,attended,by,The concert _ _ their f,【课堂小结】,1.过去分词在句中作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、伴随、让步、原因等。,【课堂小结】,2.过去分词作定语:,(1)单个分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前,分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰词之后。,(2)过去分词作定语时,与其修饰的名词或代词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;过去分词通常表示被动和完成,但不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。,2.过去分词作定语:,高二英语必修5-Unit-3-Period-3课件,高二英语必修5-Unit-3-Period-3课件,