单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,1.,动词不定式的用法,作主语,作宾语,作定语,作表语,作宾补,作状语,动词不定式,2.,动词不定式的时态和语态,3.,巩固练习,2024/11/17,1.,动词不定式作主语,动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三,人称单数,。,To get there by car,will take,a whole day.,How to get enough money,is,still a question,.,2024/11/17,1.,动词不定式作主语,有时候为了保持句子平衡，常用,it,作形式主语，放到句首，而将作真实主语的动词不定式放到句末。,It will take a whole day to get there by car.,It is impossible for me to finish the work in a week.,2024/11/17,2.,动词不定式作宾语,动词不定式作宾语常用于下列动词后：,want,agree,decide,manage,wish,hope,ask,like,love,choose,promise,continue,plan,learn,expect,offer,prepare,refuse,pretend,attempt,intend,threaten,seek,hesitate,long,desire,fail,等等,。,2024/11/17,动词不定式作宾语应注意的问题,1,.,有些动词后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语意义截然不同,try,go on,stop,mean,regret,remember,forget,等,2024/11/17,try to do sth.,尽力去做某事,try doing sth.,试一试，试试看,Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.,Try to get there on time.,2024/11/17,forget to do sth.,忘了去做某事,forget doing sth.,忘了做过某事,I forget telling her about it,I forget to bring the purse with me when I left home this morning.,2024/11/17,remember to do sth.,记住去做某事,remember doing sth.,记得做过某事,I remember reading the story in some book.,Remember to post the letter for me when you go to the post office.,2024/11/17,动词不定式作宾语应注意的问题,2.,如果不定式作宾语而后面又有一个宾语补足语，这时要用,it,作形式宾语而把这个动词不定式放到补语后。,I feel it my duty to help you.,I once thought it impossible for us to finish the job in such a limited time.,2024/11/17,3.,动词不定式作定语,动词不定式作定语，它与所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。如果是动宾关系，不定式主动表示被动。,He was the last one to leave school yesterday,.,We have much homework to do everyday.,2024/11/17,4.,动词不定式作表语,1主语和表语都是不定式（其含义往往一是条件，一是结果），如：,To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.,To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe.,2024/11/17,2,主语是以,aim,duty,hope,idea,intention,mistake,plan,proposal,job,suggestion,等为中心词的名词词组，或以,what,引导的名词性从句表示，表语用不定式说明其内容，如：,My idea is,to climb the mountain from the north,.,My suggestion is,to start work at once,.,What I would suggest is,to start work at once,.,2024/11/17,注,：在某些句型中，当主语部分有动作动词,do,时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号“,to,”,，如：,All we have to do is,push the button,.,The only thing I can do now is,go on by myself,.,All I could do was,send him a telegram,.,2024/11/17,5.,动词不定式作宾补,常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有：,（,1,）可接带,to,的不定式作宾补的动词有：,ask,get,allow,forbid,prefer,force,inspire,advise,cause,tell,order,warn,teach,permit,wish,invite,encourage,等,2024/11/17,（,2,）可跟省,to,的动词不定式作宾补的动词有：,在部分感官动词和使役动词后，如：,see,watch,notice,observe,look at,listen to,feel,make,let,have,注：,help,后可跟省,to,或带,to,的不定式作宾补。,2024/11/17,The teacher had us recite the text every day.,I was let to do the experiment alone.,Was he noticed to leave the house?,动词不定式在主动语态中用省,to,的形式作宾补，但在被动语态的句子中，要用带,to,的形式作主语补语。,2024/11/17,6.,动词不定式作状语,动词不定式作状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示目的、原因、结果、程度等。,2024/11/17,1表示目的：,They ran over,to welcome the delegates,.,He stood up,to be seen better.,2.表示结果：,What have I said,to make you so angry?,He came round,to find himself in hospital.,2024/11/17,不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型,：,so as to,Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle/tell me the time?,such()as to,Im not such a fool as to believe that.,enough to,The boy is old enough to go to school.,too to,5.only to do,表示一种意想不到的结果,Eg:We went to the train station only to find that the train had left.,2024/11/17,当,too,前有,only,时，,only too to,译作肯定。,I am only too pleased to help you.,当不定式前有表否定意义的词时，译作肯定。,We are never too old to learn,.,2024/11/17,动词不定式的时态,1.I opened the door,to enter,the room.,3.Mr.Smith is going to attend the meeting,to be held,tomorrow.,.,一般式,(to do),.,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,2.,saw her enter the room,.,2024/11/17,.,进行式,(to be doing),1.I am very glad,to be working,with you.,2.,He pretended,to be reading,when his mother came into his room.,不定式的进行式表示正在进行的动作,和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行。,。,动词不定式的时态,2024/11/17,动词不定式的时态,.,完成式（,to have done),1.I am sorry,to have kept,you waiting so long.,2.You seemed,to have read,the novel,written,by Mr.Smith.,不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。,2024/11/17,巩固练习,1.Several of these washes and dryers are out of order and_.,need to be repairing,B.repairing is required of them,C.require that they be repaired.,D.need to be repaired.,解析：,and,并列谓语动词，,need to be repaired,相当于,need repairing.,D,2024/11/17,2.I wish you had brought your family with you.,Ill get them _ next time.,A.coming B.to come,C.come D.have come,B,解析：使役动词,get,后跟带,to,的动词不定式作宾补，,let,，,make,have,后跟省,to,的动词不定式作宾补。,2024/11/17,3.We climbed to the top of the tower _a better view of the area.,getting B.got,C.having got D.to get,D,解析：动词不定式作目的状语，其余几个没这功能。,2024/11/17,4.What is the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house.,A.getting B.having got,C.being got D.to get,D,解析：名词,the way,后跟有两个定语，一个是定语从句,Smith thought of,，一个是动词不定式,to get enough money to buy the new house.,2024/11/17,5.The young assistant was noticed _ the bank alone last night.,A.entering B.enter,C.to enter D.entered,C,解析：感官动词后可跟现在分词和省,to,的动词不定式作宾补。不定式表示全过程，现在分词表示正在进行。在被动语态中用带,to,的动词不定式作主语补语。,2024/11/17,6.Wang Dong wanted to surf the Internet,but his father tol