单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,/10/29,.,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句,子,结,构,分,类,简单句,Simple,Sentences,含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子,并列句,Compound,Sentences,包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子且句子之间有并列连词,and/but,等或用分号连接,复合句,Complex,Sentences,包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用从属连词引导,简单句 含有一个主语（或并列主,简单句基本句型,Basic Sentence Patterns,简单句基本句型 Basic Sentence Pattern,英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。,英语五种基本句型列式如下：,基本句型一：,+,（主谓）,基本句型二：,+,+,（主系表）,基本句型三：,+,+,（主谓宾）,基本句型四：,+,+IO+,（主谓间宾直宾）,基本句型五：,+,+,+,（主谓宾宾补）,1.,主语,+,系动词,+,表语（,S+Link.V+P,）,此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语特征、类属、状态、身份的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,最常见的是,be,动词，,be,本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,1.主语+系动词+表语（S+Link.V+P）最常见的是,其 它,系 动词,状态：,seem,appear,prove-,感官：,smell,feel,taste,sound,look-,变化：,become,get,turn,go,come,grow-,持续：,remain,stay,keep,continue-,其 它状态：seem,appear,（系动词）,(,表语,),1.This,2.The dinner,3.He,4.Everything,5.He,6.The book,7.The weather,8.His face,is,smells(,闻,),felt,looks,is,is,became,turned,an English dictionary.,good.,happy.,different.,tall and strong.,interesting.,warmer.,red.,（系动词）(表语)1.This is an Engl,beautiful,surprised,to,are,seems,went,Correct mistakes:,1.Her voice sounds beautifully.,2.The whole company was surprising at,the news.,3.To see is believe.,4.It seem like a good idea.,5.The lights still on.,6.All the potatoes changed bad.,7.Jim was remained a worker.,beautifulsurprisedtoareseems,巩固练习：,1,冬季白天短，夜晚长,2,十五岁他,就成为,有名的钢琴家了。,3,孩子们很少,保持,安静。,4,她的工作,是,在幼儿园里照看儿童。,In winter,the days,are,short and the nights are long.,At the age of fifteen,he,became,a famous pianist.,Children seldom,keep,quiet.,Her job,is,to look after the children in the nursery.,巩固练习：In winter,the days are s,5,他失业了。,6,树叶,已经变,黄了,7,这个报告,听起来,很有意思,He,is,out of work.,The leaves have,turned,yellow.,The report,sounds,interesting,5他失业了。He is out of work.The,1.As in China,the weather is different from area to area.,主系表句型,的几个特例：,2.We are greatly surprised to meet him there.,3.It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.,4.It is kind of you to say so.,5.It is not easy for them to go there by bike.,6.Is it Tom who is playing the piano?,7.It is a fact that they cant pass the exam.,1.As in China,the weather is,2.,主语,+,不及物动词,(S+Vi.),Our school lies in the center of Jinshi.,注：,不及物动词不能用于被动语态。,The car accident was happened,yesterday.,2.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.)Our scho,The,red,sun rises.,The,large,room,on the second floor,is Marys.,2.The red sun rises,in the east.,The manager had already left,when I telephoned,.,主语可有修饰语,-,定语,谓语可有修饰语,-,状语,本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。,如：,The sun rises.,The red sun rises.2.The red,翻译练习：,1.,你应当努力学习。,2.,她昨天回家很晚。,3.,那天早上我们谈了很多。,4.,会议将持续两个小时。,5.,在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大,的变化。,You should study hard.,She went home very late yesterday evening.,That morning we talked a great deal.,The meeting will last two hours.,Great changes have taken place in my home town,in the past ten years.,翻译练习：1.你应当努力学习。You should stu,3.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语（,S+Vt+O,）,I like my job very much.,What do you want to be in the future?,Each of you has a dream.,注：及物动词可用于被动语态,A great deal of water is used by,people in that city.,People use a great deal of water in that city,.,（,主动语态,）,（,被动语态,）,3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O）I li,主谓宾结构,2,S,十,V,十,O,句式,2,此结构中的谓语动词常常是动词词组,分两种情况,:1.,及物动词,+,副词，,2.,不及物动词,+,介词。,1.,含有,away,out,forward,up,等副词的动词词组是可拆分的。如，,They,carried out the plan,successfully.,（或,They,carried the plan out,successfully.,但：,As the plan was practical,they,carried it out,successfully.,动副词组都可以这样用，如，,point out,（指出）,carry out,（执行）,put forward,（提出）,work out,（做出，算出）,find out,（找出）,give up,（放弃）,give away,（赠送，分发）,pick up,（拣起）,put up,（挂上）,等。,主谓宾结构 2 S十V十O句式2 此结构中的谓语动词常常,2.,而含有介词,at,for,from,into,of,with,to,等的动介词组是不可拆分的。,如，,look after,（照顾）,look at,（瞧）,look for,（寻找）,belong to,（属于）,refer to,（参考，提及）,think of,（考虑，评价）,send for,（派人去请）,care for,（喜欢）,suffer from,（受,之苦）,deal with(,对付，应付,),object to,（反对）,pay for,（付,的钱）,等。,即我们只能说,think of it,不能说,think it of.,2.而含有介词 at,for,from,into,3,.in,在动词词组中用作副词，表示“在里面”，“往里进”，“在家”等意思。,如，,get in(,收割,),hand in,（提交，交进）。,用作介词，表示“在,地点”，“在,范围”，“在,方面”。,如，,persist in(,坚持,),，,succeed in(,在,成功,),。,3.in 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“在里面”，“往里进”，,4.,Off,在动词词组中 用作副词，表示“关闭”，“隔离，离开”，“去掉”，等意思。,如，,turn off,（关掉）,switch off,（关掉）,ring off,（挂断电话）,keep off,（远离）,take off(,脱掉）,kick off,（踢脱）,carry off,（运走）,put off,（推迟）,pay off,（付清）,give off,（放出,).,用作介词，表示“从,下来”。,如，,get off,（下车）,fall off,（从,掉下来）,.,4.Off在动词词组中 用作副词，表示“关闭”，“隔离，离开,5.,On,在动词词组中用作副词，表示“开”，,“走开”，“传递”，“穿戴”。,如，,turn on(,开,),move on,（走开）,pass on,（传递）,put on,（穿上）,have on,（穿着）,.,1.,表示“在,上”，“在,方面”。,如，,work on,（从事于,）,operate on,（在,上动手术）,agree on,（同意）。,2.,表示“上车，上船，上,”,如,get on,（上车，上船）,ride on,（骑上）。,3.,表示“依靠”，“以,为基础”，“按照”，,如，,depend on,（依靠）,base on,（以,为基础）,feed on,（以,为食）,live on,（以,为生计）,.,用作介词,5.On 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“开”，如，turn o,6.,Over,在动词词组中用作副词，,1,）表示“翻转”，“翻倒”，,如，,turn over,（打翻，翻倒）,push over,（推倒）,.,2,）表示“过一遍”，“仔细”，“遍及”，,如，,think over,（仔细考虑）,lo