,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second Level,Third Level,Fourth Level,Fifth Level,*,*,*,Chapter 11.Immune response(1),I.Introduction,II.Antibody-mediated Humoral Immunity,Chapter 11.Immune response(,1,I.Introduction,1.Concept of Immune Response,2.Types of Immune Response,3.Process of Immune Response,I.Introduction1.Concept o,2,1.Immune response,The immune system of body is able to recognize subtle chemical differences that distinguish one foreign pathogen from another.At the same time,the system is able to discriminate between foreign molecules and the bodys own cells and proteins.Once a foreign organism is recognized,the immune system eliminate or neutralize the organism,finally.,1.Immune response The,3,2.Types of Immune Response,Autoimmunity selection Immune “Self”Ag Autoimmune ToleranceAg system:activation “non-self”Ag HI/CMI Immune Tolerance Hypersensitivity Reaction,2.Types of Immune Response,4,II.Antibody-mediated Humoral Immunity,concept of HI，simple process of HI,1.Common rule of Ab production,2.Interaction between immune cells in,process of producing Ab,3.Immune Memory,4.Effect of Humoral Immunity,II.Antibody-mediated Humoral,5,Humoral Immunity，HI,Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies of various different classes;which Ab are produced by cells of the B cell lineage in response to stimulation by Ag.,Humoral Immunity，HI,6,Simple process of HI:,1、TDAg APC TH BL2,THm,BLm,2、TIAg BL1 Mature B cell,Plasma cells,Ab,HI,Simple process of HI:1、TDAg,7,1.Common rule of Ab production,a.The regularity of Ig production in phylogenic evolution and development,and ontogenesis.,b.The regularity of Ab production in the primary and secondary response。,1.Common rule of Ab production,8,Secondary Immune Response,When the,immunized individual,after a primary contact with antigen is injected by a,second injection,of the same antigen,production of antibody becomes apparent,this response is called the,secondary response,.,Secondary Immune Response,9,Primary IR,Secondary IR,Antigen,The first contact of an A second injection of the,individual with an Ag same Ag,latent period,long(1W，2-3W)short(1-3day),slow of Ab production,Ab Conc.,low in serum high in serum,Maintain Time,short,decrease quickly longer,type of Ig,IgM IgG,Affinity,lower higher,present of Ag,M,DC,B cell,Primary IR Se,10,Concentration of Ig,Ig,IgM,IgG,10day,3day,Latent period,Primary stimulation of Ag,Secondary stimulation of Ag,Concentration of Ig IgIgMIgG10,11,2.Interaction between immune cells in the process of producing Ab,TDAg response,a.Interaction between M,and Th cells,*M,presented Ag *Interaction between cells,b.Interaction between Th cell and B cells,*B cell presented Ag *Interaction between,cells,c.Interaction between M,and B cells,TIAg response,B cell:response of TIAg,2.Interaction between immu,12,Ags are ingested,processed,presented by M,(primary response),Ingestion：,endocytosis,passive adhesion。,Processing：,lysosomal enzymes condense and degrade,Ag,and combine to self-MHCII molecules.,Presentation：,These complexes of peptide and MHC molecules are transported to the surface of the cell where they are recognized by the T-cell receptor.,Ags are ingested,processed,13,Exogenous Ag,endosome,Transportation,combination,degradation,expression,endocytosis,APC,CD4,TCR,MHCII,Exogenous AgendosomeTransporta,14,transcription,DNA,mRNA,Virus（endogenous Ag）,translation,Pr,degradation,CD8,CTL,MHCI,Target cell,TCR,transcriptionDNAmRNAVirus（endo,15,Interaction between M,and Th cells,（primary response）,Double signal hypothesis of Th cell activation：,The first signal：,Th:TCR/CD3APC:Ag-MHCII complexes,at the same time,TH:CD4APC:The,2,2 domain of MHCII,The second signal：,APC:B7/BB1（CM）TH:CD28（CMR）,TH secreted IL-2 and expressed IL-2R,Finally cells divide,clones proliferation,and produce a kind of CK.,Interaction between M and Th,16,ICAM-1,LFA-1,APC,(CMs),MHC-II,Ag,B7/BB1,VLA-4,VCAM-1,CD2,CD58,Cell activation,（CK）,cell differentiation and clone proliferation,TH,(CMRs),TCR,CD3,CD4,CD28,CTLA4,Signal 1,Signal 2,IL-2,IL-2R,Interaction between APC and Th cell,ICAM-1LFA-1 APCMHC-IIAgB7/BB1V,17,MHC-Ag,APC,TCR/CD3,B7/BB1,CD28,TH,Signal 1,Signal 2,IL-2 production,clone proliferation,APC,TH,Signal 1,Signal 2,not,IL-2 production,clone anergy,MHC-AgAPCTCR/CD3B7/BB1CD28THSi,18,inactivation,Suppressive immune response：,Hypersensitivity Disease,Autoimmunity Disease,Graft rejection responses,Anti-B7Ab,CTLA4 Ig,Anti-CD28,Interdiction of co-stimulatory signals,TH,APC,MHC,TCR,Ag,CD28,B7,inactivationSuppressive immune,19,Enhancing immune response：,Tumor immunity treatment,B7,Transfection B7gene,CTL,MHC,TCR,Ag,CD28,Tumor cell,signal1,signal2,CTL,MHC,TCR,Ag,CD28,Tumor cell,signal1,signal2,CTL activated,Killer tumor cell,CTL activated,Killer tumor cell,Enhancing immune response：B7Tr,20,Interaction between Th and B cells,（secondary response）,Th cell activation：Double signal hypothesis,Signal 1：,Th:TCR/CD3B cell:Ag-MHCII complexes,Th:CD4B cell:,The,2,2 domain of