单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Non-finite Verb,1.to do 2.-ing 3.done,非谓语动词,Alice returned from the managers office,telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.,2.The news conference,to be held in that hall,has already been crowded with reporters.,3.Having reached the very peak of the Everest,the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind.,4.He keeps buying expensive maps.He must have more,than 200 by now.,5.I heard the girl singing in the classroom.,6.The man talking with my father is Mr.Wang.,7.As soon as she entered the room,the girl caught sight,of the flowers bought by her mother.,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,1.非谓语动词的七大经典原则,2.非谓语动词解题四大步骤,一,.非谓语动词的,七大经典原则,原则一：用作目的状语，,原则二：用作伴随状语，,原则三：用作结果状语，,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作,之前时，,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式,.,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用,-ing.,原则三：用作结果状语，可用,-ing/to do,原则区别是：,-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。,原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。,如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；,如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑,主语应与主句主语保持一致。,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上,要用完成式（,-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）,原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作,尚未发生,；,-ing表示动作,正在进行,：过去分词表示,动作完成，被动,。,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式,When asked why he went there，he said he was sent,there _ for a space flight.（2007江西卷）,A.training B.being trained,C.to have trained D.to be trained,2._ this cake，youll need 2 eggs，175 g sugar and,175 g flour.（2006广东卷）,A.Having made B.Make C.To make D.Making,ing形式作伴随状语与to do作目的状语区别：,ing形式与谓语动词的动作,同时发生,且前面,有逗号,;,不定式动作要比谓语动词的动作,后发生,且,前面无逗号,。,1.Write to the editor,_,that the editor,would be able to help her（hope）,2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there,_ on a big rock(rest ),3.The secretary worked late into night,_,a long speech.(prepare),4._ warm,we shut all the windows.,(keep),preparing,to rest,hoping,To keep,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其区别是：,-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。,to do用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。,5.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones,at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day.,（2007天津卷）,A.to let B.letting C.let D.having let,eg.It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in that place.,6,.He hurried to the station,only _ that the train,had left.(2005广东卷),A.to find B.finding C.found D.to have found,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。,但是，如果所涉及的动作,尚未发生,，则用,不定式的被动,如果所涉及的动作,正在进行,，则用,-ing的被动,.,7.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I,had to struggle _.（2007浙江卷）,A.to be heard B.to have heard,C.hearing D.being heard,【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被动式，因此,可排除 B 和 C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在,当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选 A。,9.When she came in,she was surprised to find,a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her.,A.seating;fixing B.to seat;fixing,C.having seated;fixed D.seated;fixed,8.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.,A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closed,C.being opened and closed D.to open and close,of,a stranger,his eyes,sitting,seat,vt.,=I was seated,.,I seated myself.,=I sat down,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与,主句主语保持一致.,10.Faced with a bill for$10,000，_.（2006陕西卷）,A.John has taken an extra job,B.the boss has given John an extra job,C.an extra job has been taken,D.an extra job has been given to John,11.While watching television，_.（2005全国卷III）,A.the door bell rang B.the doorbell rings,C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell rings,watching,faced with,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式,（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式）,12._ from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.（2005湖北卷）,A.Being separated B.Having separated,C.Having been separated D.to be separated,【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate,发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。,13.The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree,with us，left the meeting room.（2005江西卷）,A.who has made B.having made C.made D.making,left,has,14.Li Ming is said _ abroad.Do you know what,country,Yes,In London.,A.to have studied B.to study,C.to be studying D.to have been studying,he studied in?,he will study in?,he studies in?,C,A,B,is,Sb is said to do 据说,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：,用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;,用-ing，表示动作正在进行;,用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。,15.There will be more than three hundred scientists,attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow.,A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held,16.There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of,the Art Gallery to have a look at,Van Goghs paintings.,（2006上海卷）,A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.wait,the meeting,the day after tomorrow,visitors,17.“Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to,myself.（2007湖南卷）,A.lost B.losing C.to lost D.have lost,18.The last one _ pays the meal.,Agreed!（2007全国I）,A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving,Things,The last one,lose,vt,.,lose sb/sth,二,.非谓语动词解题,四大步骤,（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓与非谓”,_many times,but he still couldnt understand it.,2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.,A.Having been told B.Being told,C.He had been told D.Though he was told,C,_,A,3.It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.,4._ a rainy day;we decided not to go there.,is B.to be C.being,D.It being E.It was F.been,C,E,