单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,1.,形式不同,限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,口语中使用时也不停顿;而,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号,隔开,口语中使用时有停顿。,2.,功能不同,限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而,非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说,明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整:,People who take physical exercise live longer.,进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。,(,若把从句去掉句子就失去了原本要表达的意义,),His daughter,who is in Boston now,is coming home next week.,他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。,(,若把从句去句子意义仍然完整,),3.,翻译不同,在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把,非限定性定语从句,与主句分开:,He is the man whose car was stolen.,他就是汽车被窃的那个人。,Ive invited Jim,who lives in the next flat.,我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。,4.,含义不同,比较:,She is my sister who is a doctor.,她是我那个当医生的姐姐。,(,暗含,姐姐不止一个,),She is my sister,who is a doctor.,她是我姐姐,她是当医生的。,(,没表示有几个姐姐,),5.,先行词不同,限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是短语或句子;另外,当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,通常要用,非限定性定语从句,而,不用限制性定语从句:,Peter drove too fast,which was dangerous.,彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。,(which,指,drive too fast),He changed his mind,which made me very angry.,他改变了主意,这使我很生气。,(which,指整个主句,),Mr.Smith,who is our boss,will leave for Japan next week.,我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。,(,先行词为专有名词,要用非限制性定语从句修饰,),Her father,who has a lot of money,wishes her to study abroad.,她父亲很有钱,希望她出国学习。,(,先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词,要用非限制性定语从句修饰,),6.,关系词不同,关系词,that,和,why,可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略,而在,非限定性定语从句,中关系词一律不省略。,她收到了老板的邀请,这是她意想不到的。,误:,She received an invitation from her boss,that,came as a surprise.,正:,She received an invitation from her boss,which,came as a surprise.,他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。,误:,The main reason,why he lost his job,was that he drank.,正:,The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.,另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系代词,which,用作宾语时,如果不是紧跟在介词之后,通常可以省略;但在非限制性定语从句中,不管在什么情况下均不可省略关系代词,which,。,