单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2019/12/30,#,非谓,语动词,Nonfinite Verbs,非谓语动词Nonfinite Verbs,1,Can you find out the in these sentences?,verb,I spent the whole day finishing that task.,My exam results are good in all subjects.,I would love to be a engineer.,The farm built more than a hundred years ago has been abandoned since 1990s.,Can you find out the,2,非 谓 语 动 词,To do,doing,done,非 谓 语 动 词To do doing,3,概,述,1.,谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语成分。,2.,非谓语动词：动词的特殊形式，在句子中做,除谓语以外,的任何形式。,非谓语使用条件：,一个句子中已经存在主句谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现。,She got off the bus,leaving,her handbag on her seat.,She got off the bus,but,left,her handbag on her seat.,概述1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语成分。非谓语使用条件：一个,4,动词不定式,1.否认：,not to do,2.时态：,to do,to be doing,to have done,3.语态,to be done,to have been done,动,词不定式可在句子中作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。,动词不定式1.否认：动词不定式可在句子中作：主语、宾语、,5,1.Swimming,is,his favorite sport.,2.To see you,is,glad.,=Its glad to see you.,3.He,enjoy,swimming.,4.We,need,to be active in class.,5.The teachers sitting there,are,from other schools.,_,主 语,_,谓语,_,主 语,作,主语,_,宾 语,_,定 语,_,宾 语,非谓语动词大都可在句子中作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。,1.Swimming is his favorite spo,6,1做主语,to do,作主语时，表语是,adj./n.,To read in bed,is bad,.,常用结构,:,1.,It is+adj./n.to do sth.,Its our duty _ help the poor.,2.,It+,谓语,v.+to do,It takes us an hour _ get there by bus.,to,to,1做主语to do 作主语时，表语是adj./n.,7,3.,It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to,do,It is easy,for,me,to finish,this work.,It is a great honor,for,us,to be present,at your birthday party.,It is very kind,of,you,to give,me some help.,=Youre very kind to give me some help.,It is impolite,of,you,to speak,loudly in public.,=Youre impolite to speak loudly in public.,常用,it,做形式主语，将,to do,放在句子最后，保持句子的平衡。,For,形容,事物性质,of,形容,人的品质,3.It is+adj.+for/of sb.+,8,2做宾语,1),常用不定式做宾语的动词：,demand,expect,promise,begin,determine,refuse,offer,manage,learn,seem,prepare,pretend,continue,start,afford,I agreed _(go)there with the doctor.,He had promised _(give)me a hand.,to do/doing作某些动词continue;begin;start的宾语一般无区别。细微区别：to do 指具体的一次行为(短期)，doing指长期性的。,to go,to give,2做宾语1)常用不定式做宾语的动词：to do/doi,9,2),常跟疑问句,+,不定式作宾,语,He,taught,us,how to use,the tool.,No one could,tell,me,where to get,the book.,I hope youll,advise,me,what to do,.,I dont,know,how to get,there.,2)常跟疑问句+不定式作宾语,10,3做宾语补足语,1),直接做宾补的动词,want,wish,hope,expect,ask,pretend,care,decide,happen,long,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,cause,afford,beg,manage,agree,promise.,+sb.to do,3做宾语补足语1)直接做宾补的动词,11,2),动词变被动语态要加,to do,Seen,Watched,Looked at,Heard,Listened to,Felt,noticed,+,Sb,.be,to do,2)动词变被动语态要加 to doSeen+Sb.beto,12,3)it,做,形式宾语,要加,to do,的动,词,sth.+,find/think/feel/make/conside,r,+,it,+adj/n+,to,do sth,.,发现,/,认为,/,感觉,/,使,/,考虑作某事,.,样,I find,it,interesting,to have an image(,图像,)when remembering a word.,We think,it,our duty,to take care of our parents.,3)it 做形式宾语要加 to do的动词,13,3做定语,To do,做后置定语表将来，,与被修饰词,之间为,主动关系,，,如果为,被动关系,用,to be done,We are preparing for,the exams,to be held next month,.,We will meet,the expert,to arrive at the airport,in 20 minutes.,3做定语To do 做后置定语表将来，与被修饰词之间为,14,常用,to do,作,后置定语,的固定用法,have sth to do,有事要做,the first+(n.)to do,作某事是第一个,常用to do作后置定语的固定用法,15,4做状语,表目的，原因，结果，条件。,I came here to see you.(目的),放句首后有逗号，放句末无逗号.,We were very excited to hear the news.(原因),结构常为be+adj.(情感类的+to do,The reporter hurried to the airport,only to find the superstar had left.(结果),与only连用时，表示意料之外的结果，有逗号。,To look at him,you would like him.(条件),4做状语表目的，原因，结果，条件。,16,现在分词,1.否认：,not doing,2.时态：,doing,having done,3.语态：,being done,having been done,现在分词可在句子中作：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。,现在分词1.否认：现在分词可在句子中作：主语、宾语、宾语补,17,1做主语,动名词做主语,谓语动词,用,单数,。,Reading,in bed,is,bad,.,1做主语动名词做主语谓语动词用单数。,18,2做宾语,1)Admit,advise,allow,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,excuse,escape,enjoy,finish,forgive,forbid,imagine,keep,mention,mind,miss,practice,permit,resist,risk,suggest.(24),+,(,sb.,宾格,/,ones,),doing,2做宾语1)Admit,advise,allow,19,2),介词短语做宾语,She sat there,without,speaking,.,I,look forward to,seeing,him again.,Are you,used to,living,there alone.,I dont,feel like,going,to see the film.,2)介词短语做宾语,20,3),主动表被动,Sth.+,need/want/require,(,需要,)+,doing sth.,=need/want/require+to be done,The house,needs,repairing,=The house needs to be repaired.,3)主动表被动,21,巧记：“四记力争不懊悔,有局部动词接to do 和接doing 意义不一样。,Stop to do 停下做某事,Stop doing 停止做某事,Forget to do 忘记要做某事,Forget doing 忘记做过某事,Remember to do 记得要做某事,Remember doing 记得做过某事,Regret to do 遗憾地要做某事,Regret doing 懊悔做了某事,Try to do 努力做某事,Try doing 试着做某事,Mean to do 打算做某事,Mean doing 意味着做某事,go on to do 继续做另一件事,go on doing 继续做同一件事,can t help to do 无法帮助做某事,Cant help doing 禁不住做某事,巧记：“四记力争不懊悔有局部动词接to do 和接doin,22,3做定语,1.,单个的,doing,作前置定语，可表用途,Our,working,teachers are kind to us.,a,swimming,pool a,washing,machine,2.,doing,短语作后置定语,doing,与被修饰词之间为,主动关系,，如果是,被动,需用,being done,表,正在进行或存在的状态,Our teachers,working in the school,are kind to us.,We cant go across,the bridge,being built now,.,Link,=Our,working,teachers,who work in the school,are kind to us.,3做定语1.单个的doing 作前置定语，可表用途Li,23,过去分词,Done,否认：not done,与被修饰词之间是被动关系,时间意义：已经完成,过,去分词在句子中只能作：宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等修饰成分。,过去分词Done过去分词在句