单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语句子成分,Office of WPS,Professor Laura Amrkhoul,2012,英语句子成分Office of WPSProfessor L,英语的,5,种基本句型,一、主语,+,谓语,二、主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,三、主语,+,谓语,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,I give him a book.,四、主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,I want you to go with me.,五、,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,It smells good.,She is a teacher.,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,英语的 5 种基本句型一、主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语,英语的,8,大句子成分,主语：,subject,谓语：,predicate,宾语：,object,direct object (,直接宾语,),indirect object (,间接宾语）,定语：,attributive,状语：,adverbial,补语：,object complement,表语：,predicative,同位语：,appositive,英语的 8 大句子成分主语：subject谓语：predi,主语、谓语、宾语,subject,predicate,object,direct object (,直接宾语,),indirect object (,间接宾语）,主语、谓语、宾语subject direct object,The pretty girl sings songs on the stage every Sunday.,Mum bought my sister a present.,The sun gives us light and warmth.,主语,谓语,宾语,间接宾语,直接宾语,间接宾语,直接宾语,The pretty girl sings songs on,表语,predicative,定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。,表语predicative定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。,一、状态系动词,用来表示主语状态，只有,be,一词。,He,is,a teacher.,These desks,are,yellow.,I,am,all right.,We,are,happy now.,一、状态系动词,二、持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有,keep,remain,stay,stand,。,He always,kept,silent at meeting.,This matter,remains,a mystery.,I cant,stay,awake any longer.,The house,stands,empty for a long time.,二、持续系动词,三、表像系动词,用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有,seem,appear,look,。,He,looks,tired.,He,seems,(to be)very sad.,三、表像系动词,四、感官系动词,感官系动词主要有,feel,smell,sound,taste,。,This kind of cloth,feels,very soft.,This flower,smells,very sweet.,四、感官系动词,五、变化系动词,这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有,become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run,。,He,became,mad after that.,She,grew,rich within a short time.,五、变化系动词,六、终止系动词,表示主语已终止动作，主要有,prove,turn out,表达“证实”“变成”之意。,The rumor,proved,false.,The search,proved,difficult.,His plan,turned,out,a success.,六、终止系动词,同位语,appositive,同位语appositive,Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.,Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brothers,.,He told me that his brother,John,was a world-famous doctor.,We,Chinese people,are brave and hard-working.,Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is,定语,attributive,定语attributive,一、介词短语定语,The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.,The boy in blue is Tom.,There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.,一、介词短语定语,二、形容词定语,所有的形容词，只要后面加名词，都是定语。,She is a,beautiful,girl.,You are all,hard-working,students.,二、形容词定语,三、名词定语,The boy needs a,ball,pen.,The,woman,doctor is my mother.,三、名词定语,四、副词定语,The boy,there,needs a pen.,The best boy,here,is Tom.,Read the paragraph,below,.,We had to get off and take the bus,behind,.,四、副词定语,五、不定式定语,The boy to write this letter needs a pen.,There is nothing to do today.,He is the best man to do the job.,五、不定式定语,六、分词定语,The smiling boy needs the pen bought by his mother.,We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.,They built a highway leading into the mountains.,The swimming pool is over there.,六、分词定语,七、定语从句,I like the book,that/which,Tom is reading.,Henry is the boy,who/that,is reading a book.,We are helping the man,whose,car had broken down.,He is the man,whom,/that,I saw yesterday.,I used to play with him in the years,when,I lived in the countryside.,It is the reason,why,he didnt go to school.,I like the village,where,I spent my childhood.,七、定语从句,状语,adverbial,状语adverbial,一、时间状语,She is to be married,next,month,.,她预定在下个月结婚。,Ill meet you,at 4 oclock,.,我将在,4,点钟和你见面。,A lot of students missed my lecture,yesterday,.,昨天许多学生误了我的课。,一、时间状语,二、地点状语,I first met him,in,Paris,.,我初次见到他是在巴黎。,注：,地点状语除表位置外，还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如：,Are you glad to be going,back,to,school,?,返回学校你感到高兴吗,?,They lived,many,miles,from,the,town,.,他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。,二、地点状语,三、方面状语,She is very weak,in,physics,.,她物理很不行。,China is very rich,in,natural,resources,.,中国自然资源丰富。,This is better,in,every,way,than that.,这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。,The bridge is 2500 meters,in,length,and 150 meters,in,height,.,这座桥长,2500,米，高,150,米。,三、方面状语,四、原因状语,He was surprised,at,what,she,said,.,听到她说的话，他很吃惊。,He succeeded,by,hard,work,.,他由于努力工作而成功。,He was sent to prison,for,robbery,.,他因为抢劫而坐牢。,四、原因状语,五、结果状语,He talked his wife,into,buying,a car.,他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。,It rained heavily,causing,severe,flooding,in,that,country,.,大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。,五、结果状语,六、目的状语,They went out,for a walk,.,他们出去散步了。,He stood aside,for,her,to pass,.,他靠边站让她过去。,He cupped his ear,to hear better,.,他的手捂着耳朵，以便听得更清楚。,六、目的状语,七、条件状语,Can you see,without,your,glasses,?,你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？,United,we stand,；,divided,we fall.,团结则存，分裂则亡。,With more money,I would be able to buy it.,钱多一点的话，我就买得起。,七、条件状语,八、让步状语,For all his money,hes a very lonely man.,他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。,Carol went to work,in spite of feeling ill,.,卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。,八、让步状语,九、程度状语,I dont like coffee,very,much,.,我不太喜欢咖啡。,To a great extent,it is not fair.,在很大程度上，这是不公平的。,The system which is used in this school is,very,successful.,这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。,九、程度状语,十、方式状语,We came,on the bus,.,我们坐公共汽车来的。,You must pay the bill,in,cash,.,你必须用现金付账。,I watched the game,on,television,.,我在电视上收看了那场比赛。,十、方式状语,十一、伴随状语,I slept,with the window open,.,我开着窗睡觉。,She said good-bye,with,tears,in,her,eyes,.,她含着泪水说再见。,He ran up to her,breathing,heavily,.,他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。,十一、伴随状语,十二、比较状