单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,常用螺纹基础知识,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,目,录,第一章,度量单位,第二章,螺纹的定义及分类,第三章,螺纹基本尺寸,第四章,螺纹的公差和旋合长度,第五章,我国常用螺纹的标记示例,第六章,螺纹的画法及其标注,第七章,螺纹零件的结构要素,第八章,螺纹紧固件的特点和应用,第九章,螺纹的旋向和辨别,第十章,螺纹的性能等级及典型加工工艺,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,第一章,度量单位,当今世界上长度计量单位主要有两种，一种为公制，计量单位为米,（,m,）、厘米（,cm,）、毫米（,mm,）等，在欧州、我国及日本等东南亚地,区使用较多，另一种为英制，计量单位主要为英寸（,inch,），相当于我国,旧制的市寸，在美国、英国等欧美国家使用较多。,1,、公制计量：（,10,进制）,1m=100 cm=1000 mm,1cm=10mm,2,、英制计量：（,8,进制）,1,英寸,=25.4 mm=8,英分,例如：,3/8,?,25.4=9.52mm,英寸的细分单位：,0 1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 inch,1/16 3/16 5/16 7/16 9/16 11/16 13/16 15/16,1/32 3/32 5/32 7/32 9/32 11/32 13/32,1/64 3/64 5/64 7/64 9/64 11/64 13/64,3,、,1/4,?,以下的产品用番号来表示公称直径，如：,4#,，,5#,，,6#,，,7#,，,8#,，,10#,，,12#,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,第二章,螺纹的定义及分类,螺纹是一种在固体外表面或内表面的截面上，有均匀螺旋线凸起的形,状。根据其结构特点和用途可分为三大类：,1,、,普通螺纹：,牙形为三角形，用于连接或紧固零件。普通螺纹按螺距,分为粗牙和细牙螺纹两种，细牙螺纹的连接强度较高。,2,、传动螺纹：牙形有梯形、矩形、锯形及三角形等。,3,、密封螺纹：用于密封连接，主要是管用螺纹、锥螺纹与锥管螺纹。,种类,代号,特点,应用,国家标准,普通螺纹,M,牙形：；牙形,角：,60,0,；,一般连接用粗牙螺纹，,细牙用于细小、薄壁或,粗牙对强度有较大削弱,的零件，也常用于受冲,击和变载荷的连接中，,另外也用于精密微调机,构中。,GB/T 192-81,GB/T 193-81,GB/T 196-81,GB/T 197-81,非螺纹密封,的管螺纹,G,牙形：；牙形,角：,55,0,；公称,直径近似为管子,内径,用于压力,1.568MPa,一下,的水、煤气管路、润滑,和电线管路系统,GB/T 7307-87,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,用于螺纹密,封的管螺纹,Rc,Rp,R,牙形：；牙形,角：,55,0,；公称直,径近似为管子内,径,锥度,1,：,16,。,锥,/,锥配合（内螺纹,Rc,，,外螺纹,R,）,用于中压、,高温、高压系统；柱,/,锥配合（内螺纹,Rp,），,用于低压，且需用填,料密封,GB/T 7306-87,60,0,圆锥管螺,纹,NPT,与,55,0,圆锥管螺纹,相似，但牙形角,为,60,0,用于汽车、拖拉机、,航空机械、机床等燃,料、油、水、气输送,系统的管路联接,GB/T 12716-,91,米制锥螺纹,ZM,与,55,0,圆锥管螺纹,相似，但牙形角,为,60,0,用于气体、液体管路,系统依靠螺纹密封的,联接，水、煤气管道,用管螺纹除外,GB/T 1415-92,梯形螺纹,Tr,牙形为等腰梯形，,牙形角为,30,0,，强,度高，对中性好，,易加工,传动螺纹的主要形式，应,用较广。常用于丝杆、刀,架丝杆等,GB/T 5796-86,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,锯齿形螺纹,B,牙形为锯齿形；常用牙,形角为,33,0,，其工作的牙,型斜角为,30,0,，非工作面,的牙型斜角为,3,0,。,用于单向受力的,传力螺纹,GB/T 13576-,92,矩形螺纹,牙型为正方形，牙厚为,螺距的一半，传动效率,高，尚未标准化,用于动力的传递,和传导螺旋,第三章、螺纹基本尺寸,1,、普通螺纹基本尺寸（,GB/T 196-81,）,H=0.866P,d2=d-0.6495P,d1=d-1.0825P,D,d,内、外螺纹大径,D2,d2,内、外螺纹中径,D1,d1,内、外螺纹小径,P,螺距,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,公称直径,D,，,d,螺距,P,小径,D1,D1,3,0.5,0.35,2.459,2.621,4,0.7,0.5,3.242,3.459,5,0.8,0.5,4.134,4.459,6,1,0.75,4.917,5.188,8,1.25,1,0.75,6.647,6.917,7.188,10,1.5,1.25,1,0.75,8.376,8.647,8.917,9.188,常用普通螺纹基本尺寸（,GB/T 196-81),公称直径,D,，,d,螺距,P,小径,D1,D1,12,1.75,1.5,1.25,1,10.106,10.376,10.647,10.917,14,2,1.5,1,11.835,12.376,12.917,16,2,1.5,1,13.835,14.376,14.917,18,2.5,2,1.5,1,15.294,15.835,16.376,16.917,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,公称直径,D,，,d11,螺距,P,小径,D1,D1,24,3,2,1.5,1,20.752,21.835,22.376,22.917,27,3,2,1.5,1,23.752,24.835,25.376,25.917,30,3,2,1.5,1,26.211,27.835,28.376,28.917,常用普通螺纹基本尺寸（,GB/T 196-81),巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,2,、非螺纹密封的管螺纹基本尺寸（,GB 7307,87),H=0.960491P P=25.4/n,H=0.640327P,R=0.137329P,n,：每,25.4mm,内的牙数,D,d,内、外螺纹大径,D2,d2,内、外螺纹中径,D1,d1,内、外螺纹小径,管螺纹的,尺寸代号,每,25.4mm,内的,螺纹牙数,n,螺距,P,牙高,h,大径,D=d,小径,D1=d1,1/4,19,1.337,0.856,13.157,11.445,3/8,19,1.337,0.856,16.662,14.950,1/2,14,1.814,1.162,20.955,18.631,5/8,14,1.814,1.162,22.911,20.587,3/4,14,1.814,1.162,26.441,24.117,7/8,14,1.814,1.162,30.201,27.877,1,11,2.309,1.479,33.249,30.291,1,1/8,11,2.309,1.479,37.897,34.939,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,1,1/4,11,2.309,1.479,41.910,38.952,1,1/2,11,2.309,1.479,47.803,44.845,1,3/4,11,2.309,1.479,53.746,50.788,2,11,2.309,1.479,58.135,56.656,3,、用螺纹密封的管螺纹基本尺寸（,GB 7306,87,）,基准距离,基面,有效螺纹长度,尺寸,代号,每,25.4mm,内的牙数,螺距,P,牙高,h,基面上的直径,基准,距离,有效螺,纹长度,大径,D=d,小径,D1=d1,1/16,28,0.907,0.581,7.723,6.561,4.0,6.5,1/8,28,0.907,0.581,9.728,8.566,4.0,6.5,D,d,基面上内、外螺纹大径,D1,d1,基面上内、外螺纹小径,D2,d2,基面上内、外螺纹中径,圆柱内螺纹的牙型和尺寸与非螺,纹密封的管螺纹相同,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,1/4,19,1.337,0.856,13.157,11.445,6.0,9.7,3/8,19,1.337,0.856,16.662,14.950,6.4,10.1,1/2,14,1.814,1.162,20.955,18.631,8.2,13.2,3/4,14,1.814,1.162,26.441,24.117,9.5,14.5,1,11,2.309,1.479,33.249,30.291,10.4,16.8,11/4,11,2.309,1.479,41.910,38.952,12.7,19.1,11/2,11,2.309,1.479,47.803,44.845,12.7,19.1,2,11,2.309,1.479,59.614,56.656,15.9,23.4,4,、梯形螺纹基本尺寸（,GB/T 5796.3-86),P,螺距,d,公称直径（外螺纹大径）,d3,外螺纹小径,D2,d2,内、外螺纹中径,D1,内螺纹小径,D4,内螺纹大径,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,公称直径,d,(,外螺纹大径）,螺距,P,外螺纹,小径,d3,内、外螺纹,中径,D2,d2,内螺纹,大径,D4,内螺纹,小径,D1,8,1.5,6.2,7.25,8.3,6.5,10,1.5,2,8.2,7.5,9.25,9,10.3,10.5,8.5,8,12,2,3,9.5,8.5,11,10.5,12.5,12.5,10,9,16,2,4,13.5,11.5,15,14,16.5,16.5,14,12,20,2,4,17.5,15.5,19,18,20.5,20.5,18,16,24,3,5,8,20.5,18.5,15,22.5,21.5,20,24.5,24.5,25,21,19,16,90,4,12,18,85.5,77,70,88,84,81,90.5,91,92,86,78,72,巨力工程部培训资料Prepared by Wilber202,巨力工程部培训资料,Prepared by Wilber,2020/4/8,1/4,19,1.337,0.856,13.157,11.445,6.0,9.7,3/8,19,1.337,0.856,16.662,14.950,6.4,10.1,1/2,14,1.814,1.162,20.955,18.631