*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,1,TECHNICAL ENGLISH,MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,1,2,Introduction to Mechanical Design,2Introduction to Mechanical De,3,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,Bug,：,A defect in a system or design,Deficiency,：,The quality or condition of being deficient,incompleteness or inadequacy,Constraint,：,One that restricts,limits,or,regulates,缺陷，瑕疵：系统或设计中的缺陷。,约束：限定、限制或制约性的事物。,缺点，缺陷：不完善的性质或状况；不完整或不充足。,39 Introduction to Mechanical,4,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,Mechanical design is the application of science and technology to devise new or improved products for the purpose of satisfying human needs.It is a vast field of engineering technology which not only concerns itself with the original conception of the product in terms of its size,shape and construction details,but also considers the various factors involved in the manufacture,marketing and use of the product.,49 Introduction to Mechanical,5,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,Mechanical design is the application of science and technology to devise new or improved products for the purpose of satisfying human needs.It is a vast field of engineering technology which not only concerns itself with the original conception of the product in terms of its size,shape and construction details,but also considers the various factors involved in the manufacture,marketing and use of the product.,机械设计是一门通过设计新产品或者改进老产品来满足人类需求的应用技术科学和技术。它涉及工程技术的各个领域，主要研究产品的尺寸、形状和详细结构的基本构思，还要研究产品在制造、销售和使用等方面的问题。,59 Introduction to Mechanical,6,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,Mechanical design should be considered to be an opportunity to use innovative talents to envision a design of a product,to analyze the system and then make sound judgments on how the product is to be manufactured.It is important to understand the fundamentals of engineering rather than memorize mere facts and equations.There are no facts or equations which alone can be used to provide all the correct decisions required to produce a good design.,6 9 Introduction to Mechanica,7,Mechanical design should be considered to be an opportunity to use innovative talents to envision a design of a product,to analyze the system and then make sound judgments on how the product is to be manufactured.It is important to understand the fundamentals of engineering rather than memorize mere facts and equations.There are no facts or equations which alone can be used to provide all the correct decisions required to produce a good design.,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,应当把机械设计看成是设计人员运用创造性的才能进行产品设计、系统分析和制订产品的制造工艺的一个良机。掌握工程基础知识要比熟记一些数据和公式更为重要。仅仅使用数据和公式是不足以在一个好的设计中做出所需的全部决定。,7 Mechanical design should,8,During the beginning stages of design,creativity should be allowed to flourish without a great number of constraints.Even though many impractical ideas may arise,it is usually easy to eliminate them in the early stages of design before firm details are required by manufacturing.In this way,innovative ideas are not inhibited.Quite often,more than one design is developed,up to the point where they can be compared against each other.,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,8 During the beginning s,9,在设计的初始阶段，应该允许设计人员充分发挥创造性，不受各种约束。即使产生了许多不切合实际的想法，也会在设计的早期，即绘制生产图纸之前被改正掉。只有这样，才不至于堵塞创新的思路。通常要提出几套设计方案，然后加以比较。,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,During the beginning stages of design,creativity should be allowed to flourish without a great number of constraints.Even though many impractical ideas may arise,it is usually easy to eliminate them in the early stages of design before firm details are required by manufacturing.In this way,innovative ideas are not inhibited.Quite often,more than one design is developed,up to the point where they can be compared against each other.,9在设计的初始阶段，应该允许设计人员充分发挥创造性，不受各种,10,Another important point which should be recognized is that a design engineer must be able to communicate ideas to other people if they are to be incorporated.Communicating the design to others is the final,vital step in the design process.Undoubtedly many great designs,inventions,and creative works have been lost to mankind simply because the originators were unable or unwilling to explain their accomplishments to others.,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,10 Another important poi,11,Another important point which should be recognized is that a design engineer must be able to communicate ideas to other people if they are to be incorporated.Communicating the design to others is the final,vital step in the design process.Undoubtedly many great designs,inventions,and creative works have been lost to mankind simply because the originators were unable or unwilling to explain their accomplishments to others.,9 Introduction to Mechanical Design,另一个应该被认识到的重要问题是，设计工程师必须能够同其他有关人员进行交流和沟通。与其他人就设计方案进行交流和沟通是设计过程的最后和关键阶段。毫无疑问，有许多伟大的设计、发明或创造之所以没有为人类所利用，就是因为创造者不善于或者不愿意向其他人介绍自己的成果。,11Another important point whic,12,The competent engineer should not be afraid of the possibility of not succeeding in a presentation.In fact,occasional failure should be ex