单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,Non-,predicate,Verbs,高考语法复习系列,非谓语动词高考语法复习系列,非谓语动词,是语法填空的必考考点，每年高考至少有,1,道题。不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，,对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。,首先，我们通过例句来回顾一下非谓语动词的语法功能,(,在句中充当何种成分,),：,考点解密,非谓语动词是语法填空的必考考点，每年高考至少有1,To obey law,is everyones duty.,Im preparing,to take the examination,.,Her dream is,to be a doctor,.,Ladies and gentlemen,I have something important,to tell you,.,Teacher ask him,to clean the blackboard,.,He came here,to attend an important meeting,.,To obey law is everyones duty,Playing football,is my favorite sport.,Mary is considering,changing,her job.,Talking to him is,talking to a wall.,I have a friend,living,in London.,I am sorry to have kept you,waiting,long.,Nobody was,interested,in the story he told.,We must get the work,finished,by 10 oclock.,Playing football is my favorit,非谓语,不定式（,to do),过去分词,(-ed),-ing,分词,-ed,分词,非谓语动词有哪些？,非谓语不定式（to do)过去分词(-ed)-ing 分词,非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词,do,为例）,主动,被动,一般,完成,进行,一般,完成,不定式,分词,to do,to be done,to have done,to have been done,to be doing,doing,being done,having done,having been done,非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词do为例）主动被动一般完成进,非谓语动词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作的先后关系是什么？,弄清非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作,之间的先后关系是解题的关键所在,非谓语表示的动作,非谓语动词的形式,在谓语表示的动作之后,与谓语表示的动作同时发生,在谓语表示的动作之前,to do/to be done,to do/to be done/to be doing;doing/being done,;,done;to have done/to have been done,;,having done/having been done,非谓语动词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作的先后关系是什么,非谓语动词,主语,宾语,宾补,主补,定语,状语,表语,不定式,-ing,分词,过去分词,非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？,非谓语动词主语宾语宾补主补定语状语表语不定式-ing分词过去,1.,不定式的时态与语态：,1,）一般式：,不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。,I saw him,go,out.,I plan,to attend,the meeting,to be held,tomorrow.,2,）进行式：,不定式表示的动作正在进行。,Im very glad,to be working,with you.,3,）完成式：,不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前,Im sorry,to have kept,you waiting.,The article is said,to have been read,by many people.,1.不定式的时态与语态：,2.,动名词的时态和语态,1,）动名词的时态：,一般式和完成式,如,doing,的动作没明确表示出时间是与谓语同时发生或在谓语之前发生，用一般式。,We are interested in _(play)chess.,如,doing,的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用完成式。,Im sorry for not _(keep)my promise.,但在某些词后，常用一般式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。,On hearing,the bad news,she cried.,Ill never,forget seeing,that film for the first time.,2.动名词的时态和语态,2,）动名词的语态,doing,being done,having done having been done,He was afraid of _(leave)at home.,Xu Benyu insisted on,being sent,to the mountain area to serve the children there.,2）动名词的语态,3),现在分词的时态及语态：,分词的动作如发生在谓语动词之后,doing,用一般式，如发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式,having done,。,Having enjoyed,the rides at the Headland,visitors can take a shuttle to the Lowland.,But theme parks also try to make sure that visitors leave,knowing,more about their theme.,3)现在分词的时态及语态：分词的动作如发生在谓语动词之后,动名词的复合结构：,名词所有格,(Marys)/,形容性物主代词（,my,）,+,动名,逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，须用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词；作宾语时，也可用普通格或人称代词宾格。,Toms(His),coming is what we have expected.,She didnt mind,Jack/Jacks(him/his),coming here.,动名词的复合结构：,非谓语动词解题技巧,非谓语动词解题技巧,1.,谓语动词：,概述：,2.,非谓语动词：,在句子中担任谓语的动词,是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分,一个句子,当中，,已经存在一个,主句,（谓语动词）,又没有连词,的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,。,非谓语动词使用条件,She got off the bus,leaving,her handbag on her seat.,She got off the bus,but,left,her handbag on her seat.,1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词,二,.,找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一,.,辨别“谓与非谓”,非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结：,谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,二.找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分析时态一.辨别“谓与非谓,（一）,分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”,_many times,but he still couldnt understand it.,2,_many times,he still,couldnt understand it.,A.Having been told B.Being told,C.He had been told D.Though he was told,C,_,A,注意连词,（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”_many,3.It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.,4._ a rainy day;we decided not to,go there.,is B.to be C.being,D.It being E.It was F.been,C,E,注意标点符号,4._ a rainy day;we d,非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。,（二）找逻辑主语,1.Walking along the street one day,she saw,a little girl running up to her.,2.She is reading a book found on the way.,3.Most of the artists invited to the party were,from South Africa.,4.Convinced of the truth of the reports,he,told his colleagues about it.,一,般来说，作,状语,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；,作,宾补,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；,作,定语,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。,非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动,A.to take B.taking,C.to be taken D.taken,D,B,Everything,they,1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,2.Everything _,into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,D BEverythingthey1._ ev,（三）分析语态,分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词,和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是,主动,还是,被动,关系。,“,You cant catch me!”Jane shouted,_ away.,A.run B.running C.to run D.ran,2._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the,local police.,A.Having lost B.Lost,C.Being lost D.Losing,Jane,the two students,（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词,（四）,分析时态,1.The building _now will be a restaurant.,2.The building _ next year will be a restaurant.,3.The building _last year is a restaurant.,having been built B.to be built,C.being built,D.built,_,C,_,B,_,D,（四）分析时态1.The building _now,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式,When asked why he went there,，,he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.,A.training B.being trained,C.to have trained D.to be trained,如：,She got up very early to catch up the first bus.,2._ this cake,，,youll need 2 eggs,，,175