单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The use of-ing,(动名词的用法),The use of-ing,动名词由动词加,ing,词尾,构成，,动名词的否定结构,:,把,not,放在,doing,前面。即,not doing sth.,not having done sth.,。,动名词由动词加ing词尾构成，,一,、,动名词的名词特征,动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语。,例如：,Beating a child,will do more harm than good,打孩子弊大于利。（作主语）,一、动名词的名词特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当,Do you mind,answering my question,？,你不介意回答我的问题吧？（作宾语）,To keep money that you have found is,stealing,把拾到的钱留起来是偷盗行为。（作表语）,No one is allowed to speak aloud in the,reading,room,阅览室里不许大声说话。（作定语）,Do you mind answering my quest,1,）作主语,Doing+,v.,+,no use/no good/no fun,Its+,a shame,+doing,a waste of time/money,useless,dangerous,There is no+doing.,1）作主语,动名词作主语,如：,1,）名词直接放在句首作主语。例如：,Seeing,is believing.,Using the right hand to shake hands,is a convention in many countries.,用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗。,2,）动名词在,“,It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a good pleasure,等名词,+doing”,结构中作主语，,it,为形式主语。例如：,动名词作主语,如：,It is no good,writing,to him;he never answers letters.,写信给他不妥，他从来不回信。,It is no use your,complaining,;the company wont do anything about it.,抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。,It is no good writing to him;,3,）动名词在“,It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile,等形容词,+doing”,结构中作主语。例如：,It is good,playing,chess after supper.,晚饭后弈棋挺好。,It is useless,speaking,.,光说是没有用的。,3）动名词在“It is useless/nice/g,4,）动名词在“,There is(was)no+doing”,结构中作主语。例如：,There is no denying,that she is very efficient.,她效率高是不容否认的。,There is no telling,what he is going to do.,他要做什么一点消息都没有。,4）动名词在“There is(was)no+doi,1.Its no good _ over split milk.,A.to cry B.crying C.cried D.cry,2.It is no use _ without through _.,A.to read;understood B.reading;understanding,C.to read;understand D.read;to understand,3._ provides us with essential nutrients(,营养,),while_provides us with oxygen.,A.To eat;breathing B.Eating;to breathe,C.Eating;breathing D.Eaten;breathed,-What made him so happy?,-_ the,entrance,examination,Because of passing B.Because he passed,C.Having been passed D.Having passed,1.Its no good _ over s,2.,动名词作宾语,1,）有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词有：,admit,承认；,excuse,原谅；,postpone,拖延；,anticipate,期望；,fancy,想象,practise,练习；,appreciate,欣赏；,finish,完成；,prevent,防止；,avoid,避免；,forbid,禁止；,propose,建议；,consider,考虑；,forgive,宽恕；,recollect,回忆；,2.动名词作宾语,delay,耽搁；,imagine,想象；,resent,厌恶；,deny,否认；,involve,涉及；,resist,抵制；,detest,厌恶；,keep,保留；,risk,冒险；,dislike,讨厌；,mind,在意；,save,挽救；,dread,害怕；,miss,错过；,suggest,建议；,enjoy,喜欢；,pardon,原谅；,escape,逃避；,permit,允许,delay 耽搁；imagine 想象；resent 厌,常用口诀 记住,避免错过,(,少,),延期,avoid miss delay/postpone,建议完成,(,多,),练习,suggest/advise finish practise,喜欢想象 禁不住,enjoy/appreciate imagine resist/cant help,承认 否定,(,与,),嫉妒,admit deny envy,逃脱 冒险,(,莫,),原谅,escape/envy risk pardon/excuse,忍受 保持,(,不,),介意,stand keep/keep on /mind,常用口诀 记住,例如：,I,recommend buying,the dictionary.,我建议买这本词典。,I dont,anticipate meeting,any opposition.,我估计不会遇到任何反对意见。,Will you,admit having,broken the window?,你承认不承认打破了窗户？,例如：,作介词,/,短语动词的宾语,:,S.+,v.+,prep.,+doing,look forward to,盼望着,be used to,习惯于,put off,推迟,give up,放弃,S.+,keep on,+doing,持续,succeed in,成功做某事,cant help,禁不住,feel like,喜欢,be busy,忙于,作介词/短语动词的宾语:,Eg,：,（,1,）,He put off,making a decision,till he had more information.,在获得详情之前，他没有急于作出决定。,（,2,）,Do you feel like,taking a walk,?,你要不要去散步？,3,）,We are,looking forward to coming,to China.,我们期待着来中国。,（,4,）,We succeeded,in getting,over all the difficulties.,我们终于克服了所有的困难。,动名词的用法课件,4,）在,“,have difficulty(trouble,problem,a hard time,fun,a good time)(+in)+,动名词,；,be busy(in),+,动名词；,waste time,(in)+,动名词；,lost time,(in)+,动名词；,There is no point,(in)+,动名词”等结构中，动名词做介词宾语，,in,常要省去。,4）在“have difficulty(trouble,eg,：,(1)The children are busy,doing,their homework.,孩子们忙于做作业。,(2)There is no point(in),making,the simple experiments once again.,再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的。,eg：,What caused the party to be put off?,_ the invitations.,A.Tom delayed sendingB.Toms delaying,sending,C.Tom delaying to send D.Tom delayed to send,I am busy _ for the entrance examination,so I cant help _ housework at home.,A.preparing;doingB.preparing;to do,C.to prepare;doing D.to prepare;to do,.He devoted his life to _the atomic,theory.,A.study B.be studied C.studying D.have studied,What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.,his not allowing B.his not being allowed,C.his being allowed D.having not been allowed,What caused the party to b,二、动名词可具有时态意义,动名词可以像动词那样表现时态意义，有一般式（,doing,）,和完成式,（,having done,）,之分。动名词的时态意义是一个相对的概念，从属于句中谓语动词。一般式表示动名词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生，或表示一般性动作，没有时间概念；完成式表示动名词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生。例如：,二、动名词可具有时态意义 动名词可以像动词那样表现时态意义,She is proud of,being beautiful,她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时）,I am thinking of,going to,the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon,我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后,She is proud of being beautifu,我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。,I apologize for,not having kept,my promise,（之前发生）他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。,He was praised for,having made such,a contribution to the country,（之前发生）,我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。,三、动名词可具有语态意义,如果动名词与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，即逻辑主语是接受动名词的动作，需用其被动形式,（,being done,，,having been done,）,。,其否定形式是：,not being done,not having been done,例如：,他们无法忍受这样的待遇。,They couldnt stand,being treated,like that