单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,过去分词具有,动词,的性质，同时兼有,形容词或副词,的性质，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。,定语,在句中,修饰名词或代词,的成分。,表语,是谓语的一部分，位于,系动词之后,，说明,主语身份、特征或状态,。,第,1,页,/,共,26,页,1.单个过去分词作定语,通常前置,1)及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义。,a,broken,cup,a,wounded,soldier,an,unexpected,guest,the,excited,crowd,2)不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。,a,grown,woman,a,retired,officer,the,fallen,leaves,一、作,定语(,修饰名词或代词),第,2,页,/,共,26,页,2,、过去分词修饰,something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody,等不定代词或指示代词,those,时，要放在这些词的后面。,He is one of those,invited,.,Nothing,reported,(in the newspaper)interested him.,第,3,页,/,共,26,页,2.过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。,a letter,written in pencil,=,a letter,which was written in pencil,the book,recommended by Jack,=,the book,which was recommended,.,the machines,produced last year,=,the machines,which were produced,.,A woman,dressed,like a lawyer,came in and took her seat as judge.,=,who was dressed,.,第,4,页,/,共,26,页,过去分词与现在分词的区别：,1.,语态,不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动,注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义,不表被动,an inspiring speech,the inspired audience,鼓舞人心的演说,受到鼓舞的观众,The falling leaves the fallen leaves,落叶（正往下落的）,落叶（已经落到地面的）,第,5,页,/,共,26,页,2.时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“,动作正在,进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。,过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“,先于位于动词表,示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性”,1.,Do you know the boy _(lie)under the big tree?,2.“Cant you read?”Mary said angrily _,_,_,(point)to the notice.,3 The woman _,_,_(sell)vegetables has gone.,4.The wheat is watered by water _,_,_,(bring)from a pond.,5.He is a leader_,_,_(respect)by the people.,lying,pointing,selling,brought,respected,第,6,页,/,共,26,页,the,risen,sun,升起了的太阳,the,rising,sun,正在升起,的太阳,boiled,water,开水,boiling,water,正沸腾的水,fallen,leaves,落叶,falling,leaves,正在飘落的叶子,changed,condition,改变了的情况,changing,condition,变化着的情况,developed,countries,发达国家,developing,countries,发展中国家,第,7,页,/,共,26,页,3.及物动词的,过去分词(,done,),与,现在分词的被动式,(,being done,),都可以表示“被动”，但前者多,表示一个,完成了的动作,，而后者则,表示一个正在进行的动作,.,the problem discussed yesterday,The problem being discussed,第,8,页,/,共,26,页,二、过去分词做表语,1 过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于,adj.,说明的是主语的状态,All the windows are,broken,.,All hope is,gone,.,This article is well,written,.,He appeared more,satisfied,with my work.,第,9,页,/,共,26,页,2.过去分词做表语与现在分词做表语的区别,第,10,页,/,共,26,页,（,1）现在分词作表语，说明,主语的性质或特征,，意为,“令人怎样.,”，有,主动,的意思。,exciting,moving,amusing,astonishing,frightening,interesting,relaxing,shocking,surprising,terrifying,tiring etc.,(,2)过去分词作定语多表示,主语所处的状态,，意为“,对.或感到怎样,”，有,被动,的意思.,excited,moved,amused,astonished,frightened,interested,relaxed,satisfied,surprised,terrified,tired etc.,eg,They got very excited.,第,11,页,/,共,26,页,(,2)过去分词作定语多表示,主语所处的状态,，意为“,对.或感到怎样,”，有,被动,的意思.,excited,moved,amused,astonished,frightened,interested,relaxed,satisfied,surprised,terrified,tired etc.,第,12,页,/,共,26,页,(3).过去分词作表语时和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意思明显不同，前者说明,主语的特点及所处的状态,，,而后者,强调动作,。,The glass is broken.,The glass is broken by my little brother.,第,13,页,/,共,26,页,Exercises:,1.We lived in the house _,(,我舅舅们修建的,).,2.Any medicine _(,服用,)without the,advice of a doctor can cause trouble.,3.We spent two hours discussing the plan _,_(,她制定的,).,4._(,开水,),5._(,一个破碎的茶杯,),6.three _(,受伤的士兵,),built by my uncles,taken,made by her,boiled water,a broken cup,wounded soldiers,第,14,页,/,共,26,页,Exercises:,1.Most of the people _,(,被邀请参加宴会的,)were famous scientists.,2.Lessons _(,易学的,)are soon,forgotten.,*_(,易学的,)lessons are soon,forgotten.,3.The computer center _,(,开办,)last week is popular with the students.,invited to the party,learned easily,opened/started,Easily-learned,第,15,页,/,共,26,页,修饰,look,smile,voice,face,等能表示人的感受的过去分词,.,From his _ look on his face,the price of meat must have risen.,A.disappointed B.disappointing,(2)He hung up the phone with a _ smile on his face.,A.satisfied B.satisfying,(3)She shouted in a _ voice.,A.pleasing B.pleased,(4)Judging from her _ face,she must be in trouble.,A.puzzled B.puzzling,(5)The _ parents are not _ with their _son.,A.disappointing B.disappointed C.satisfied,A,A,B,A,B,C,A,第,16,页,/,共,26,页,Practice,1.Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.,A.are bought B.bought,C.been bought D.buying,2.With a lot of different problems _,the,newly-elected president is having a hard time.,A.settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,B,C,第,17,页,/,共,26,页,3,.When I got back,I saw a message,_,to the door,_,“Sorry to miss you;I will call later.”,A.pin,read B.pinning,reading,C.pinned,reading D.pinned,read,4.,A boy,_,Jack won the game.,A boy,_,himself Jack won the game.,A.calling B.called,C,B,A,第,18,页,/,共,26,页,5.,Who is the man,_,to your father just now?,Who is the man,_,to just now?,A.,speaking B.spoken,6.,The building,_,last year is seventy meters high.,The building,_,now is seventy meters high.,The building,_,next month is seventy meters high.,A.built B.to be built C.being built,A,B,A,B,C,第,19,页,/,共,26,页,7.,Most of the artists,_,to the party were from South Africa.,A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited,8.,The first text books,_,for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.,A.having written B.to b