*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,grammar,Has/have been done,grammarHas/have been done,1,现在完成时(have/has+过去分词),现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示,确定的过去时间的状语,连用,如:,yesterday,two weeks ago,in 1978,when I got there,等.,现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)现在完成时的动作,2,现在完成时常与,already,always,often,ever,never,yet,not.yet,just,等不表示明确的时间副词连用,还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带,since,for,的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如:,now,today,this month,this year,recently,these few days,等。,现在完成时常与 already,always,often,3,1.动作发生在过去,但再说活之前已完成,对现在仍有影响,-Have you had lunch yet?,-Yes，I have.Ive just had it.,你吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。,2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作或状态可能仍然在进行。,He has taught here since 1981,他自1981年就在这儿教书。,I havent seen her for four years.,我有四年没见到她了。,1.动作发生在过去,但再说活之前已完成,对现在仍有影响,4,一般过去时则只表示过去某时发生的动作或情况,与现在毫无关系。,Who has opened the door?谁把门开了？（现在门还开着）Who opened the door?谁开的门？(指过去，与现在无关。现在门是关着还是开着，没有说明。),一般过去时则只表示过去某时发生的动作或情况,与现在毫无关系,5,I have had breakfast.(现在不饿),I had breakfast.(只强调吃过早饭了,并不涉及现在饿不饿),I have had breakfast.(现在不饿),6,1.(07福建)Danny_ hard,for long,to realize his dream and now he is popular.,A.works B.is working,C.has worked D.worked,2.(07浙江卷)Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture,but when and where_ yet.,A.hasnt been decided B.havent decided C.isnt being decidedD.arent decided,1.(07福建)Danny_ hard for,7,3.(08陕西)Did you go to the show last night?,Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area _ invited,A.were B.have been,C.has been D.was,4.(08重庆)Judy is going to marry the sailor she _ in Rome last year.,A.meetsB.met,C.has metD.would meet,3.(08陕西)Did you go to the s,8,现在完成进行时,构成:has/have been doing,表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，可能在说话时刻之前刚刚结束也可能还将持续下去,现在完成进行时和现在完成时区别:,1.现在完成进行时强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性，强调的是动作本身,2.现在完成时则是强调动作产生的结果或取得的成就，而不是动作本身。,现在完成进行时 构成:has/have been doing,9,1.My hands are very dirty.Ive been painting the house.,2.I have painted the house green.The house was white,but now its green.,1.My hands are very dirty.I,10,1.(07湖南卷)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she _ English,for a year,.,A.studies B.studied,C.is studyingD.has been studying,(07江西)I have got a headache.,No wonder.You _ in front of that computer,too long,.,A.work B.are working,C.have been working D.worked,1.(07湖南卷)Cathy is taking note,11,现在完成时的被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,其构成是:have/has been+done。例如：,1.The dirty clothes have been washed.,脏衣服都已经洗了。,2.The plan has been studied by the,experts for three times.,这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。,现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去,12,1.-How long _ at this job?,-Since 1990.,A.were you employed,B.have you been employed,C.had you been employed,D.will you be employed,1.-How long _ at this j,13,When and where to go for the on-,salary holiday _ yet.,A.are not decided,B.have not been decided,C.is not being decided,D.has not been decided,When and where to go for the o,14,That book _into at least 20 foreign languages.,A.has said to be translated,B.has been said to have translated,C.is said that it had been translated,D.is said to have been translated,That book _into at lea,15,