单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Period 5 Grammar,Unit 5,Period 5 GrammarUnit 5,1,The Attributive Clause（non-restrictive),Grammar,The Attributive Clause（non-re,2,1定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。,2先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。,3关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等。,关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。,Revision,1定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一,3,限制性定语从句,(restrictive),非限制性定语从句,(non-restrictive,）,The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.,老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。,His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him,.,他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。,定语从句,限制性定语从句(restrictive),4,1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:,限制性定语从句:,所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。,e.g.I was the only person in my office,who,was invited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。,(如果把从句部分去掉,整个句子的含义就变了),1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:e.g,5,非限制性定语从句:,非限制性定语从句和主句的,关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句,之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。,一般不用that引导。,His dog,which,was now very old,became ill and died.,他的狗当时很老了,生病后就死了。,(去掉从句,主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。),非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的His dog,6,2)Yesterday I met Li Lei,who,seemed to be very busy.,昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。,(去掉从句,意义仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。),2.非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：,a.非限制性定语从句中,指物时,用which而不用that。,1)Football,which,is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.,2)All the books there,which,have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.,2)Yesterday I met Li Lei,who,7,b.指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用,whose(也可指物)。,Miss Howe,whom,you met in the library,is our new teacher.,2)The Arabs,who,are famous for their horses,and camels,use these animals for work and in,sports.,3)Li Ming,whose,mother has been ill for two days,is absent from school today.,b.指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用,8,c.另外关系副词when(指时间),where(指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句);why不引导定语从句。,4)He lives in the city,where,there is a high tower.,5)The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949,when,he was born.,c.另外关系副词when(指时间),where(指地点,9,d.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。,6)Wu Dong,with,whom,I went to see the film,enjoyed it very much.,7)Her bag,in which,she put all her books,has not been found.,8)The story about the Long March,of which,this is an example,are well written.,d.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。6)Wu,10,3.as,which 非限定性定语从句,由as,which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。,As,we know,smoking is harmful to ones health.,The sun heats the earth,which,is very important to us.,3.as,which 非限定性定语从句 As we kn,11,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,形式上,不用逗号“，”与主句隔开,用逗号“，”与主句隔开,意义上,是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整,只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。,译法上,译成先行词的定语：“的”,通常译成主句的并列句,关系词的使用上,1.作宾语时可省略,1.不可省略,2.可用,that,2.不用,that,3.可用,who,代替,whom,3.不可用,who,代替,whom,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句 非限制,12,Test how well you master it?,Test how well you master it?,13,Yesterday Mr.Li finally bought his own,house,_ is a hospital.A.in where B.to the east of which C.to the east of it D.in the east of that,2.My brothers purse,_ he put￥1,000,was missing on the bus.A.there B.which C.in which D.that,3.The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.A.in which B.which C.in that D.that,Yesterday Mr.Li finally bough,14,4.The reason _ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.A.which B.in which,C.for which D.of which,5.His glasses,_ he could see nothing,was taken away by a naughty boy.A.which B.without which,C.with which D.without those,6.The computer,_ he paid￥3,000,was once owned by his uncle.A.which B.for which C.that D.to that,4.The reason _ he was l,15,7.In the past we lost many chances,_ we paid little attention.A.which B.that C.in which D.to which,8.The pen,_ I had been writing for ten years,was broken.A.with which B.with that C.as D.with it,9.Mary has two brothers,_ are doctors.A.both of they B.both of whom,C.both of them D.whom of both,10.The problem _ you argued about yesterday has been solved.A.that B.what C.why D.for which,7.In the past we lost many ch,16,11.My aunt bought me a book,the name _ I have forgotten.A.of it B.which C.whose D.of which,12.On the way home I met my friend John,from _ home the thief had stolen a computer.A.whom B.which C.that D.whose,13.I hate the way _ you talk to your mother.A.by which B.on which C.in which D.which,14.At last we found the hole in the wall _ the mouse got into the house last night.A.in which B.which,C.through which D.by which,11.My aunt bought me a book,17,15.Last night we saw two movies,_ was interesting.A.both of which B.neither of which C.both of them D.neither of them,16.I used to live in a house,_ grew a tall tree.,A.in front of it B.in front of which,C.in the front of which D.in front of that,17.The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.when B.during that C.in which D.which,15.Last night we saw two movi,18,Function-practice,Suggested answers to Ex3 on Page 41.,1.Peter danced and sang all evening.People used to think Peter was quiet.,Peter,whom people used to think was quiet,danced and sang all evening.,2.