,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,长难句分析,长难句分析,从结构上来说,除了谓语动词，其他的成分都可以用,从句,或者,非谓语动词,来充当,从功能上说,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,名词从句,英语有三大复合句,形容词性从句、关系从句,定语从句,状语从句,长难句分析,Tom is a top student,together with my sister studying in this school,who always gets the first place in any exam.,长难句分析,英语长难句的特点：,结构复杂 逻辑层次多,常须根据上下文做词义的引申,常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系作出判断,并列成分多,修饰语多 特别是后置定语很长,习惯搭配和成语经常出现,长难句分析,英语长难句的分析方法：,找出主谓宾，即主干,找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词,分析从句和短语的功能,分析句中是否有固定搭配或固定词组,长难句分析,We live a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances(drugs)is pervasive,（普遍广泛的）,:an aspirin to quiet a headache,some wine to be sociable,coffee to get going in the morning,a cigarette for the nerves.,在我们生活的社会里，物质（药品）被广泛地运用于社交和医疗，,比如说服用阿司匹林来缓解头疼，,喝酒来应酬，,早晨喝咖啡来提神，,吸烟来镇定情绪等。,长难句分析,This added iron supplements the small amount of iron that naturally occurs in grain.,这些额外的铁增加了谷物中自然出现的含铁量。,长难句分析,This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture,in,the high-energy American,fashion,that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.,这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，,高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，,而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能,。,pinch,拧，掐，匮乏,yield,生产，产量,infashion,以,方式,长难句分析,In general,，,the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and,least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined.,(the test work),一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效,;,而当所测定或预测的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。,长难句分析,But even more important,，,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,，,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.,但更重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的有关过去的最为遥远的景象，,因为他们看到的是,150,亿年前（宇宙云）的形状和结构。,长难句分析,As a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation,we have come to believe that nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments,，,she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.,由于两三个世纪以来的科学研究成果，我们逐渐相信，,如果运用合适的观察和实验方法向大自然探究问题，,她会真心实意地给我们答复，并且以永垂不朽的发现来报答我们。,从这个意义上来说，大自然是可以认识的。,习 题,One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college _.,A.that do not belong there,B.which do not belong there,C.who do not belong there,D.as do not belong there,C,习 题,We shall take_we think proper to cope with the situation.,A.such measures,B.what measures,C.same messures,D.which measures,B,习 题,He has lucky enough to sell his car for exactly_he had paid for it.,A.that,B.which,C.what,D.as,C,习 题,Thousands,_were from the surrounding towns,came to watch the performance.,A.of those many,B.many of those,C.of them many,D.many of whom,D,习 题,I cant understand why,but suddenly I had this feeling_was going to happen.,A.something terrible,B.which something terrible,C.where something terrible,D.that something terrible,D,习 题,It seems probable_producing enough food for everyone.,A.whether the world can go on,B.if the world can go on,C.how the world can go on,D.that the world can go on,D,习 题,The latest round of consumer-spending news was good,_stocks had another bubbling day yesterday.,A.such good,in the markets eyes,that,B.so good,in the markets eyes,that,C.very good,in the markets eyes,that,D.too good,in the markets eyes,that,B,习 题,“,I wont forget again,I promise.”“You_!”,A.might not,B.could not,C.d better not,D.wont,C,习 题,She never laughed,_ lose her temper.,A.or she ever did,B.nor did she ever,C.or did she ever,D.nor she ever did,B,习 题,Neither rain,nor snow or sleet,（冰雹）,_the postman from delivering our letters,which we so much look forward to receiving.,A.is kept,B.are keeping,C.keeps,D.keep,C,长难句的类型,一 复杂的修饰成分,1.,从句,2.,介词短语,3.,分词,4.,不定式,长难句分析,长难句的类型,一 复杂的修饰成分,The method that a community devises to perpetuate itself comes into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential.,devise,设计,perpetuate,保持,cultural legacy,文化遗产,长难句分析,长难句的类型,二 大段的插入语和同位语,Moreover,I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of art that are interpretations,rather than representations,of reality.,interpretation,解释,representation,描述,长难句分析,长难句的类型,三 后置,That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.,sex ratio,性别比率,Favored,有利的,Descendant,后代,Gene copies,基因的备份,Transmit,传播,长难句分析,长难句的类型,三 后置,读法：按正常语序读。,正常语序：,That sex ratio,which maximizes the number of descendants that an individual will have and hence,the number of gene copies transmitted,will be favored.,长难句分析,长难句的类型,四 省略,That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.,That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants,that,an individual will have and hence,that sex ratio which maximizes,the number of gene copies,that are,transmitted.,长难句分析,