单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,Teaching Vocabulary,Teaching Vocabulary,“,If there is no grammar,people can only express something;but if there is no vocabulary,people can express nothing.”,Wilkins,“If there is no grammar,peopl,In this session,we are going to explore:,1.What is vocabulary?,2.Factors affecting vocabulary acquisition;,3.What needs to be taught?,4.Methods for presenting new vocabulary items;,5.Ways to consolidate vocabulary;,6.Ways to help students develop vocabulary building strategies,Major Topics,Major Topics,Discussion:,What does knowing a word involve?,If we say that we know a word,we must be able to:,-recognize it in written and spoken forms;,-recall it at once;,-relate it to appropriate object or concept;,-use it in appropriate grammatical forms;,-use it in correct collocation;,-use it at appropriate level of formality;,-pronounce it in a recognizable way;,-spell it correctly;,-be aware of its connotation.,words,forms,meanings,use,If we say that we know a word,Word grammar:the underlying form of a word and the derivatives that can be made from it,-regular and irregular forms,-the knowledge of word building,Pronunciation,-the relationship of sound and spelling,-sound-spelling patterns,-stress patterns,Words and their forms,Word grammar:the underlying f,Denotative meaning(Conceptual meaning):,-polysemy:,head,of a person,head,of a pin,head,of an organization,-homonymy:,file,(a device used for keeping papers;a tool for cutting or smoothing hard substances),Connotative meaning(Affective meaning):,-dog,friendship,loyalty,-spinster vs.single woman,Words and their meanings,Denotative meaning(Conceptual,Style,:level of formality,as well as styles such as humorous,ironic,literary,etc.,e.g.similar in conceptual meaning but differ in style,-,children,:neutral,-,offspring,:formal,sometimes humorous,-,nippers,:colloquial,often humorous,-,kids,:colloquial,Words and their Use,Whats the problem with the following sentence:,There isnt sufficient milk for breakfast.,Correct in form,not so in style,Style:level of formality,as,Register,:,varieties of language defined by their topic and context of use,for example,the language of medicine,education,law,computer,etc.,-minor:the legal term for“child”,-cardiac arrest:the medical term for“heart attack”,Dialect,:difference in geographical variation,-sidewalk(US)=pavement(UK),Collocation,:what words are most likely to occur together,problem,amount,shame,man,large,great,big,major,Register:varieties of languag,Sense relations,:,-synonymy,-antonymy,-(non-gradable)complementary opposites:,male-female,-,gradable opposites:,large-small,-,different opposites in different context,:light bag-heavy bag;,light wind-strong wind;light color-dark color,-hyponymy,-incompatibles,:,spring,summer,autumn,winter,-part-whole relation,:,face:forehead.eyebrow,eyelash,nose,mouth,etc.,Sense relations:,Form:,-pronunciation and spelling,-grammar,-Word formation,Aspects of meaning,-denotation,connotation,-meaning relationships,Use:,-Collocation,-appropriateness,What needs to be taught?,Form:What needs to be taught?,Factors affecting vocabulary acquisition,frequency,pronunciation,contextualization,input,storage,depth of processing,building networks,Factors affecting vocabulary a,free,自由,free,自由,free,自由,L2,L1,Separate L1 and L2 stores,L2,L2,L2,L1,L1,L1,+,L2 store dependent on L1 store,Overlapping L1 and L2 stores,Single L1 and L2 store,自由,How do we store L1&L2 in the brain?,free,free自由free自由freeL2L1Separate L,Teacher A:a)wrote“grumble”on the blackboard,b)said“complain about someone or something in an annoyed way”,c)translated the word into the students native language.,d)gave more example sentences for the students to translate into,their native language.,How do your teachers usually teach vocabulary in the class?,Teacher B:said“some people grumble about everything.For example,they,grumble about the weather.If it is sunny,they say it is too hot.If,it is cool,they say it is too cold.They are never happy with the,weather”.Then the teacher set out to check the students,understanding by asking“so what does grumble mean?”,Teacher A:a)wrote“grumble”,-,concise definition,-detailed description,-examples(hyponyms),-illustration(picture,object),-demonstration(acting,mime),-context(story or sentence),-synonyms,-antonyms,-translation,-associated ideas,collocations,Presenting new words,What kind of techniques does the teacher use in presenting new words?,-concise definition Presenti,Practice:,Try to present the following words,mushroom,shove,earrings,newspaper,dependent,dance,expensive,congratulations,picture,scream,president,teenager,Practice:Try to present the f,Ways to present vocabulary,1.,Presenting vocabularies by stick drawings,models,slides,films,videotapes,radios and TVs.,Ways to present vocabulary,英语教学法Teaching_vocabulary课件,英语教学法Teaching_vocabulary课件,2.,Cr