Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,08知识经济系统生命周期,1、战鼓一响，法律无声。英国,2、任何法律的根本；不，不成文法本身就是讲道理法律，也-即明示道理。爱科克,3、法律是最保险的头盔。爱科克,4、一个国家如果纲纪不正，其国风一定颓败。塞内加,5、法律不能使人人平等，但是在法律面前人人是平等的。波洛克,08知识经济系统生命周期08知识经济系统生命周期1、战鼓一响，法律无声。英国,2、任何法律的根本；不，不成文法本身就是讲道理法律，也-即明示道理。爱科克,3、法律是最保险的头盔。爱科克,4、一个国家如果纲纪不正，其国风一定颓败。塞内加,5、法律不能使人人平等，但是在法律面前人人是平等的。波洛克KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE2CHALLENGES IN BUILDING KM SYSTEMS,Culture getting people to share knowledge,Knowledge evaluation assessing the worth of knowledge across the firm,Knowledge processing documenting how decisions are reached,Knowledge implementation organizing knowledge and integrating it with the processing strategy for final deployment3,KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE,2,CHALLENGES IN BUILDING KM SYSTEMS,Culture,getting people to share knowledge,Knowledge evaluation,assessing the worth of knowledge across the firm,Knowledge processing,documenting how decisions are reached,Knowledge implementation,organizing knowledge and integrating it with the processing strategy for final deployment,3,CONVENTIONAL VERSUS KM SYSTEM LIFE CYCLE,Key differences:,Systems analysts deal with information from the user;knowledge developers deal with knowledge for company specialists,Users know the problem but not the solution;company specialists know the problem and the solution,System development is primarily sequential;KMSLC is incremental and interactive,System testing normally at end of cycle;KM system testing evolves from beginning of the cycle,4,Conventional Versus KM System Life Cycle(contd),System development more extensive than for KMSLC,Conventional system life cycle is process-driven“specify then build”;KMSLC is result-oriented“start slow and grow”,Conventional system life cycle does not support rapid prototyping;KMSLC does,5,Rapid Prototyping Process,Build,a Task,Structure,a Task,Structure,the Problem,Make Modifications,Reformulate the Problem,Repeated,Cycle(s),Repeated Cycle(s),6,Conventional Versus KM System Life Cycle(contd),Key similarities:,Both begin with a problem and end with a solution,Both begin with information gathering or capture,Testing is essentially the same to make sure the system is right and it is the right system,Both developers must choose the appropriate tool(s)for designing their respective systems,7,Users Versus Knowledge Workers,Attribute,User,Expert,Dependence on system High Low to nil,Cooperation Usually cooperative Cooperation not required,Tolerance for ambiguity Low High,Knowledge of problem High Average/low,Contribution to system Information Knowledge/expertise,System user Yes No,Availability for system,builder Readily available Not readily available,Table 3.1 Comparison of users and experts,8,KM System Development Life Cycle,Evaluate existing infrastructure,Form the KM team,Knowledge capture,Design KM blueprint(master plan),Test the KM system,Implement the KM system,Manage change and reward structure,Post-system evaluation,9,Evaluate Existing Infrastructure,System justification:,Will current knowledge be lost through retirement,transfer,or departure to other firms?,Is the proposed KM system needed in several locations?,Are experts available and willing to help in building a KM system?,Does the problem in question require years of experience and cognitive reasoning to solve?,10,System Justification(contd),When undergoing knowledge capture,can the expert articulate how problem will be solved?,How critical is the knowledge to be captured?,Are the tasks nonalgorithmic?,Is there a champion in the house?,11,The Scope Factor,Consider breadth and depth of the project within financial,human resource,and operational constraints,Project must be completed quickly enough for users to foresee its benefits,Check to see how current technology will match technical requirements of the proposed KM system,12,The Feasibility Question,A feasibility study addresses several questions:,Is the project,doable,?,Is it,affordable,?,Is it,appropriate,?,Is it,practicable,?,13,The Feasibility Question(contd),Areas of feasibility:,Economic,feasibility determines to what extent a new system is cost-effective,Technical,feasibility is determined by evaluating hardware and supportive software within companys IT infrastructure,Behavioral,feasibility includes training management and employees in the use of the KM system,14,The Feasibility Question(contd),Traditional approach to conducting a feasibility study:,Form a KM team,Prepare a master plan,Evaluate cost/performance of proposed KM,Quantify system criteria and costs,Gain user support throughout the process,15,Role of Strategic Planning,Risky to plunge with a new KM system without strategizing.Consider the following:,Vision,Foresee what the business is trying to achieve,how it will be done,and how the new system will achieve goals,Resources,Check on the affor