单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,2010,高考英语专题指导课件：,定语从句考点透视,一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被修饰限定的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。定语从句可分为两种，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。,基本概念,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,that,which,whom,whose,as,when,why,who,where,正确使用关系 词,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,指,代,人或物,功,能,指,代,时间,地点,原因,功,能,选择依据：,1,）弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分，是主语、,宾语、定语还是状语,2,）辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、,地点、原因,3,）判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的,(,只有,that,why,不能引导非限制性从句,),关系代词,that,和,which,在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用,that,?,考点一,在以下几种场合只能用,that,A.,先行词,(,指物,),本身是不定代词或先行词被不定,代词修饰,All that can be done has been done.,B.,先行词兼有指人和指物的名词,C.,先行词,(,指物,),被,the very,the only,the next,the last,等修饰,D.,先行词,(,指物,),被形容词最高级和序数词修饰,This is the best TV that is made in China.,E.,当主句是,which/who,引导的特殊疑问句,Who that you have ever seen can do it better?,有哪些情况关系代词不用,that,，而用,which,，,who,，,whom,?,考点二,1,、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用,which,，,指人用,who,或,whom,.,He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.,Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100,yuan,.,Mr,Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.,My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.,which,which,who,whom,Fill in the blanks,1.,Her bag,in which she put all her money,has been stolen.,2.,This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.,3.,Xiao Wang,with whom I went to the concert,enjoyed himself very much.,2,、在介词后面，指事物用,which,，,指人用,whom,.,在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用,介词,?,考点三,1.The girl _ whom he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.,2.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.,3.He referred to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,方法,1.,看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配,for,on,with,Fill in the blanks,方法,2.,看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配,1.He made a hole in the wall,_ which he could see what was going on outside the house.,2.The librarian _whom I just shook hands works heart and soul.,through,with,方法,3,、,根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,1.The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.,2.This is our classroom,_,（在前面）,which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,名词,/,代词,/,数词,+of,+which/whom,知多少,?,考点四,1.The committee consists of 20 members,and5,of,them,are women.,2.The book contains 50 poems,and most of them,were written in 1930s.,3.I have a sentence,and,the meaning of,it,I dont understand.,The committee consists of 20 members,5,of,whom,are women.,The book contains 50 poems,most of which,were written in 1930s.,I have a sentence,the meaning of,which,I dont understand.,Rewrite the following sentences,名词,/,代词,/,数词,+,of,表示物用,which,表示人用,whom,Conclusion,如何恰当使用,when,where,why,与,which,that,引导的定语从句,?,考点五,1.,先行词是表示,地点,时间,原因,的名词或含有,地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，,用来引导定语从句,.,when,where,why,在从句中作,状语,相当于相应的,介词,+which,2.,若定语从句缺,主语,或,宾语,，用,which,或,that,引导定语从句。,Conclusion,The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,This is the town _I spent my childhood.,where/in which,which/that,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.,Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.,when/on which,which/that,This is the reason _ I didnt come here.,why/for which,The reason _ she gave was not true.,which/that,如何用好,whose,引导的定语从句,?,考点六,whose,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20 students,_ are different.,A.whose backgrounds,B.the backgrounds of whom,C.of whom the backgrounds,D.the backgrounds of whose,as,和,which,的区别知多少？,考点七,as,引导的,限制性,定语从句,此时先行词前常被,such,the same,so,as,修饰，,即构成,suchas,the same as,soas,asas,结构，做题时容易 忽略。,提示：,在做有关定语从句题目时，如果选项中,出现,as,请先考虑是否考查,as,引导的定语,从句。,as,作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语,.,1,、用于非限制性,定语从句,时，可以指代整个主句的内容，,as,和,which,可以换用。,He left her,as/which was strange.,2,、,as,引导非限制性,定语从句,，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。,As everyone knows,Tom is good at English.,3,、非限制性,定语从句,中谓语为被动时，常用,as,作主语。,as is said/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed,等。,As is known to all,Taiwan is part of China.,4,、,as,引导非限制性,定语从句,，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用,as:,：,as is well known/is known to all,as has been said before,as has been already pointed out,as we all can see,as is expected/hoped/supposed,.,as is often the case,as,引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有,众所周知,如前所述,正如已经指出的,正如我们所看到的,正如所盼望的,/,希望的,/,料想的,情况常常如此,5,、,which,引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。,The decision was right,which was exactly what he wanted.,6,、,which,引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。,The football match,which I watched yesterday,is very interesting.,7,、,which,引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾语，有的还带宾语补足语。,That things improved,which astonished me.,8,、,which,引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容从句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。,He was married again,which was unexpected,.,1.,定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性。试比较：,He is the only one of the students who was here just now.,He is one of the students who were here just now.,2.,定语从句与并列结构。试比较：,He has two sons,neither of whom looks like him.,He has two sons,and neither of them looks like him.,考点八,定语从句,运用中的注意点,3,、是用,the one,还是用,that,which,where.,（,1,）,Is this school _ you study?,（,2,）,Is this the school _ you study in?,（,3,）,Is this the school _ you study?,（,4,）,Is this school _ is a senior one?A.that/whichB.whereC.the oneD.the one whereE.the one that/wh