分析逻辑关系,单击此处编辑母版文本样式abc,第二级abc,第三级abc,第四级abc,第五级abc,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,1,汉译英中的逻辑关系处理,周维上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心2006年3月17日,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,汉译英中的逻辑关系处理周维上海市人民政府外事办公室翻,提纲,I.两种语言的差异,II.应对策略,III.总结,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,提纲I.两种语言的差异上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,I.两种语言的差异,句子结构,动词形式,表达习惯,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,I.两种语言的差异句子结构上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中,汉语,英语,句子结构,平行并列,层次分明,动词形式,唯一,多种,表达习惯,依赖上下文,依赖关联词,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,汉语英语句子结构平行并列层次分明动词形式唯一多种表达习惯依赖,原文：,推进义务教育均衡发展，/加快课程体系改革和招生考试制度改革，切实减轻中小学生过重课业负担，/不断加强教师队伍、特别是郊区中小学教师队伍建设，提高基础教育整体水平。,初译:,More support will be given to education in ex-urban areas to promote balanced development of compulsory education./We will push for curriculum and examination-based enrollment and reduce the excessive workload of primary and secondary school students./We will continuously improve the competence of teachers and upgrade the overall level of primary education.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,原文：推进义务教育均衡发展，/加快课程体系改革和招生考试制度,原文：,推进,义务教育均衡发展，,加快,课程体系改革和招生考试制度改革，切实,减轻,中小学生过重课业负担，不断,加强,教师队伍、特别是郊区中小学教师队伍建设，提高基础教育整体水平。,终译,:,To improve the overall quality of basic education,we will take various measures,such as,promoting,the balanced development of compulsory education,accelerating,reforms of curricula and entrance examinations,reducing,the excessive workloads primary and secondary school students face,as well as,improving,the skills of teachers,especially those in primary and secondary schools in ex-urban areas.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,原文：推进义务教育均衡发展，加快课程体系改革,II.应对策略,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,II.应对策略上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,A.分析句子逻辑关系,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,A.分析句子逻辑关系上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,分析逻辑关系,原文：,全市社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院进行了标准化建设，一大批公立医院得到了改建和扩建，/公共卫生应急处置和医疗服务能力明显增强。,初译:,We greatly,strengthened,our ability to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care/by,upgrading,community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards,as well as by,renovating and expanding,a large number of public hospitals.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,分析逻辑关系,原文：,全市社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院进行了标准化建设，/一大批公立医院得到了改建和扩建，/公共卫生应急处置和医疗服务能力明显增强。,终译,:,We,upgraded,community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards,/,renovated and expanded,a large number of public hospitals,/and,improved,our capacity to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,原文：,保持速度与结构、质量、效益相统一,初译：,align speed with structure,quality and efficiency,分析逻辑关系,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,分析逻辑关系,原文：,保持速度,与结构、质量、效益,相统一,终译：,maintain,momentum,while pursuing structural optimization,quality and efficiency at the same time,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,B.搭建句子结构,调整句序,变换动词形式,添加,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,B.搭建句子结构调整句序上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中,调整句序,原文：,完善新型农村合作医疗制度，加大政府投入力度，,建立逐年递增的筹资机制,，/进一步提高农民医疗保障水平。,初译,：,The government will,establish a funding system to increase its input year on year,in developing the new rural cooperative medical system/and make,it,an effective vehicle to enhance health care for farmers.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,调整句序,原文：,完善,新型农村合作医疗制度，,加大,政府投入力度，建立逐年递增的筹资机制，进一步提高农民医疗保障水平。,终译,:,The government,is committed to providing better health care to farmers,by,refining,the rural cooperative medical system and,increasing,its inputs through a funding mechanism allowing for annual increments.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,调整句序,原文,：,健全法律法规、强化技术支撑、加强政策引导、明确管理职责、广泛宣传教育，/切实抓好节地节能节水节材，提高资源综合利用效率。,初译,：,We must improve relevant laws and regulations,give a bigger role to technologies,/so as to make substantial achievements in the conservation of and enhance the efficiency of integrated resources consumption.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,调整句序,原文,：,健全法律法规、强化技术支撑、加强政策引导、明确管理职责、广泛宣传教育，切实抓好节地节能节水节材，提高资源综合利用效率。,终译,:,In order to attain,tangible results in the conservation of land,energy,water and raw materials,and enhance,the efficiency of resource utilization,/we must improve relevant laws and regulations,and launch an extensive public awareness campaign.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,调整句序,原文：,推进工业、交通、建筑和民用节能，/对消耗高、污染重、技术落后的工艺和产品实施强制性淘汰制度，/新建建筑严格实施节能50%的设计标准，强化能源需求侧管理。/加强风能、太阳能等新能源开发利用。,初译：,In order to step up our efforts of energy conservation/we must impose close-down orders upon./We must also strengthen the management over the side of energy demand by forcefully applying the new rule/In addition,the development and use of new energies.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,调整句序,原文：,推进工业、交通、建筑和民用节能，对消耗高、污染重、技术落后的工艺和产品实施强制性淘汰制度，新建建筑严格实施节能50%的设计标准，强化能源需求侧管理。加强风能、太阳能等新能源开发利用。,终译：,Besides developing alternative energy sources,we must implement demand-side management to reduce energy consumption for.Measures in this regard must include phasing out and enforcing green design standards,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,2.变换动词形式,现在分词,过去分词,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,2.变换动词形式现在分词上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中,现在分词,原文,：,落实上海实施科教兴市战略行动纲要，/科技创新力度明显加大，创新环境进一步优化。,初译,:Effective measures were taken to implement Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Education./More scientific and technological innovations were made and the environment for innovation was improved.,上海市人民政府外事办公室翻译服务中心,现在分词,原文,：,落实上海实施科教兴市战略行动纲要，科技创新力度明显加大，创新环境进一步优化。,终译,:We implemented Shanghais Plan of Action for Revital