单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,考点,1,考点,4,（连、介、冠、代）,语法填空专题,考点1考点4（连、介、冠、代）语法填空专题,1,语法填空主要,考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语法的能力。共,10,小题，每小题,1.5,分。在一篇,200,词左右的短文中留出,10,个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文,在空白处填写,1,个适当的单词,或,所给单词的正确形式,。,填,1,个适当的单词,纯空格,所给单词的正确形式,给词题,语法填空,其比例通常为,3:7,，仅,2016,年,卷为,4:6,。,1,个词,(,动词原形,),、,2,个词,(,不定式、时态语态,),。,语法填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语,2,关于纯空格,考什么？,怎么考？,如何应考？,在语填里以纯空格题形式出现，只能填一个词。,主要考查连词、介词和冠词,；,掌握：,并列连词和三大从句连接词；常见介词短语；冠词的基本用法；代词,it,句子结构、句子意思的完整性、前后句子之间的逻辑关系；,关于纯空格考什么？怎么考？如何应考？在语填里以纯空格题形式出,3,考点,1:,连词,全国,I,卷,2019,2018,2017,that,名从,that/,which,定从,which,定从,全国,II,卷,2019,2018,2017,but,并列,that/,which,定从,全国,III,卷,2019,2018,2017,that/,who,定从,who,名从,who,定从,考点分析,三大从句中，定语从句考查最多！,1.,并,列连词：,and,，,or,，,but,，,while(,而,),，,when(=just at that time),2.,从,句连词：引导定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的连词,考,考点1:连词全国I卷 201920182017thatth,4,定语从句：,跟在名词后,，连接词,指代,所修饰名词，且在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语），连接词无,what!,状语从句：从句主谓（宾）都齐全，连接词在从句中,仅作状语,（表示时间、条件、地点、原因、结果,）。,同位语从句：,跟在名词后,，连接词在从句中不作成分；或充当成分但,不指代,所修饰名词。,主语从句：一般位于句首，整个从句充当主语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；,宾语从句：常位于及物动词或介词后，整个从句充当宾语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；,表语从句：位于系动词后，整个从句充当表语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；,I want you to know that,定语从句：跟在名词后，连接词指代所修饰名词，且在从句中充当成,5,1.(2019,年全国,卷,61)While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.,2.(2019,年全国,卷,67)I work not because I have to,_ because I want to.,3.(2019,年全国,卷,64)They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.,思路点拨,：,1.,并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词填恰当的并列连词；,2.,当空格前后都是句子,(,一个主谓关系算一个句子,),，且这两个句子间没有连接词确定从句类型，填连接词。,that,but,that/who,同从，,that,不指代,evidence,notbut,不是,而是,定从，从句缺主语，,that/who,指代,masters,1.(2019年全国卷61)While they a,6,考点,2:,介词,全国,I,卷,2019,2018,2017,of/for,than,as,全国,II,卷,2019,2018,2017,than,from,全国,III,卷,2019,2018,2017,of,for,in,思路,点拨,：,当空格后的名词,(,前面一般有限定词,),、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。,具体填什么介词,由介词的搭配来决定,。,考点分析,固定短语中的介词,(focus on,，,be tired of,，,in need,等,),一般介词,(at,，,in,，,on,，,as,，,to,，,by,，,from,，,for,，,with,等,),考,考点2:介词全国I卷 201920182017of/for,7,1.(2019,年全国,卷,63)Modern methods _ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.,2.(2019,年全国,卷,63)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs,seven to be exact.,3.(2017,全国,卷,62)The first underground passenger railway allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _ work.,4.(2016,全国,卷,64)Most of us are more focused _ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.,5.(2016,全国,卷,70)In India,for example,most people traditionally eat _ their hands.,对短语中的介词需高度重视！,methods of/for doing sth.,“,的方法”,a pack of,“一群”,to and from work,“上下班”,be focused on,集中精力于,with,表示“用”,1.(2019年全国卷63)Modern metho,8,考点,3:,冠词,全国,I,卷,2019,2018,2017,the,a,全国,II,卷,2019,2018,2017,a,the,the,全国,III,卷,2019,2018,2017,the,a,思路,点拨,：当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常填冠词，根据语境及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词,。,(,注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及,some,any,another,等不定代词,),考点分析,考,定冠词,the:,特指,;,固定短语中,不定冠词,a/an,：泛指；固定短语中,考点3:冠词全国I卷 201920182017thea全国,9,1.(2019,年全国,卷,69)Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.,2.(2019,年全国,卷,69)When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was _ joke.,3.(2018,年全国,卷,62)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.,4.(2018,年全国,卷,62)Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs.,5.(2017,全国,卷,65)As _result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.,the,a,the,the,a,冠词,特指泛指要分清，固定搭配记在心！,特指,泛指,特指,固定搭配,固定搭配,1.(2019年全国卷69)Of _ nin,10,考点,4:,代词,1.,当,括号中所给词是人称代词时,可能是填,：,(1),宾格形式,(2),形容词性物主代词,(3),名词性物主代词,(4),反身代词。,考点分析,2.,在纯空格题中填：,(1)it,(2),人称代词主格,(3),不定代词,高考题至,今只要求考生在宾语位置填,it,。,人称代词表要记熟,注意,it,的用法,考点4:代词1.当括号中所给词是人称代词时,可能是填：考,11,1.(2018,年全国,卷,70)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give _ a try.,2.(2018,年全国,卷,68)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find _(they)alive.,3.(2017,全国,卷,67)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.,4.(2016,全国,卷,68)On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it)mother.,it/running,them,it,its,1.(2018年全国卷70)If you are t,12,介词,固定短语中,的介词,&,一般介词,连词,并列,连词,&,三大从句连词,代词,冠词,固定短语中的定冠词,&,不定冠词,Summary,特别注意,it,。,纯空格填 什么,?,纯空格题主要考查连词、介词和冠词,(,助记：廉洁官,),The more knowledge you master,the better you can do it!,介词固定短语中的介词&一般介词连词并列连词&三大从句连词代词,13,Homework,（同步训练）,1.I was on my way home after running some grocery shopping _ saw a small dog running,2.Overcome it _we will be able to achieve our goals.,3.I couldnt imagine _ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know.,4.There once lived a boy named Woo Sing,_ father brought home a mirror.,5.It had been his decision to take this optional computer programming course,_ didnt m