单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Attributive Clause,定语从句,The Attributive Clau,定语,可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、,分词,、,不定式,、,介词短语,等来担任，修饰,名词,。,(,以,介词短语、,分词为例）,例：,The girl,behind the tree,is Kate.,The man,driving too fast,was drunk,（喝醉的）,.,定语从句,在英语中，修饰,名词,或,代词,的,句子,叫定语从句。,例：,The girl,who is behind the tree,is Kate.,The man,who was driving too fast,was drunk,.,定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词,关系代词如何引导定语从句,普通代词与关系代词的区别,I have a sister,.,She,works in Shanghai.,代替,sister,普通代词,：只起代替的作用（如上例,she),I have,a sister,who/that,works in Shanghai.,关系代词,：（如上例,who/that,）,1.,代替,先行词,;2.,它还在定语从句中,担任,一定的,成分,;,3.,同时,连接,先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）,关系代词如何引导定语从句 1.代替先行词;,The building is our school.,The building stands by the river.,关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。,The building,which/that,stands by the river is our school.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,which/that,是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词,the building,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。,The building is ou,关系词,判 断 步 骤,:,首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词,可用,who,that,whom,whose,。,如果先行词指物,关系,代词可用,which,或,that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,先行词,主格,宾格,所有格,人,who,that,who(m),that,whose,物,which,that,which,that,whose,of which,关系词判 断 步 骤:然后，要确定关系词在从句中,关系词,先行词所指,关系词在句中作用,关系,代词,that,人,/,物,主、宾、表,which,物,主、宾、表、定（偶）,who,人,主、宾,whom,人,宾,whose,人,/,物,定,关系,副词,when,时间,时间状语,where,地点,地点状语,why,原因,原因状语,关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用that人/物主、宾、表wh,最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致,.,注,:,定语从句的时态不受主句的限制,。,The woman,who/that,spoke,at the meeting yesterday,is,my,mother.,(,主句,)The woman is my mother.,(,叙述客观事实 用一般现在时,),(,从句,)The woman(who/that)spoke at the meeting yesterday.,(,句中,yesterday,表示过去时间,),最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.,the tall,the strong,the clever,boy,The,boy,is Tom.,The,boy,who,is tall,is Tom.,The,boy,who,is strong,is Tom,The,boy,who,is clever,is Tom,the tallboyThe boy is Tom.The,The boy is Tom.,The boy is smiling,.,The boy is Tom.,The boy has a round face,.,The boy,who,is smiling,is Tom.,(,主语,),The boy,who,has a round face,is Tom.,The boy is Tom.,He sits in front of me,.,The boy,who,sits in front of me,is Tom.,The boy is Tom.The boy is,The man is kind.,Everyone likes him,.,The man,(,whom),everyone likes,is kind.,(,宾语,),The woman got the job.,We saw her on the street,.,The woman,(,whom),we saw on the street,got the job.,The teacher will give us a talk.,We met the teacher yesterday,.,The teacher,(,whom),we met yesterday,will give us a talk.,The man is kind.Everyone l,关系代词,1.who,指人,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略）,The man,(,who),I talked with is our teacher.,A person,who,steals things is called a thief.,2.whom,指人,作宾语,(,作宾语可省略,如,介词提前则不能省,),The man,(whom/who),I talked to is Mr.Li.,The man,to whom,I talked is Mr.Li.,关系代词 1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）The,关系代词,3.whose,是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the,book,.,Its,cover is red.,Please show me the,book,whose cover,is red.,I saw a,woman,.,Her bag,was stolen.,I saw a,woman,whose bag,was stolen.,关系代词 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人,apple,the red,the green,the small,the big,The apple,which,is red,is mine.,The apple,which,is green,is yours.,The apple,which,is red,is small,The apple,which,is green,is big.,applethe redThe apple which,Can you find the pen?,I wrote with it just now,.,Can you find the pen,with which,I wrote just now?,Can you find the pen,(which),I wrote with just now?,Can you find the pen?Can yo,4.which,指物，作主语或宾语,(,作宾,语可省略,如介词提前则不能省,),These are the trees,which,were planted last year.,The TV set(,which),he bought yesterday is made in Japan.,Is this the library,(which),you borrow books from?,Is this the library,from which,you,borrow books?,4.which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾 These ar,1),This is the,hero,(whom),we are proud of.This is the hero,of whom,we are proud.This is the hero,(that),we are proud of.,2)The,room,(that),I live in is very big.,The,room,(,which),I live in is very big.,The,room,in which,I live is very big.,注意,:,固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前,.,例如,:look after,look at ,关系代词与介词,:,介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用,which,代物,用,whom,代人。,(,介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略,),The,room,where,I live is very big.,1)This is the hero(whom)we a,定语从句中需注意事项,有些情况下只用关系词,that,而不宜用,which,1.,从句所修饰的词又被,形容词最高级,或,序数词,修饰时,This is the most interesting story,(that),I have ever heard.,The first meeting,(that),we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.,2.,先行词是,something,nothing,anything,等,不定代词,时,Here is something,(that),I will tell you.,定语从句中需注意事项,3.,先行词既有,人,也有,物,时,只能用,that,I can remember well the persons and some pictures,(that),I see.,4.,先行词是,one of,the one,或用,little,much,few,no,all,some,any,the only,the very,the same,the last,作修饰时,Is it the one,that,you want?,I havent got much,that,I can offer you.,5.,当,主句,已有,疑问词,who,或,which,时，用,that,Who is the woman,that,was praised at the meeting?,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that,注,:,who,、,that,在指人可以通用，但下列,宜用,who,不用,that,1).,先行词是,anyone,someone,those,时，关系词使用,who,Those,who,want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.,Is there anyone,who,wants to go there?,2).,在,there be,句型中，先行词指人,关系词用,who,There is an old