单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语长句翻译,英语长句翻译,1,Content:,英语长句与汉语长句的特点,翻译英语长句的步骤分,析,处理英语长句的翻译技巧及方法,英译汉长句的翻译方法,Content:英语长句与汉语长句的特点,2,英语长句与汉语长句的特点,English,:,由于连词、冠词、介词等功能词的作用以及各种非谓语动词、谓语动词和代表不同逻辑关系的从句等结构形式的存在，使英语长句的特点表现为修饰语多，联合成份多，结构复杂，但是表达效果条理清晰，脉络分明,。,Chinese,:,汉语长句字数较多，结构较复杂，含有多层意思。但是由于倾向于短句的使用，所以通过合理的安排，在表达效果上也能做到层次清楚，含义清晰，语气连贯。,英语长句与汉语长句的特点English:由于连词、冠词、介,3,We are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary or,on the other hand,using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living.,我们面临着一种选择：要么利用技术来提供并满足一直被视为并无必要的各种需求，要么利用技术来缩短人们为了维持一定的生活水准而必须工作的时数。,For example,We are faced with a choice,4,翻译英语长句的步骤分析,一、前提,：,英译汉长句之间的转换在于分清原文的句子结构和所表达的概念、关系与功能。根据具体的分析结果，结合汉语表达的句式、关键连词与合理的逻辑顺序，通过一定的翻译技巧将原文译出,。,二、原则：,分清主次：重点在于找准简单句的主干、并列句的侧重 点及复合句的关系性质。,把握语态：将英语被动句译成汉语被动句。,翻译英语长句的步骤分析 一、前提：英译汉长句之间的转换在,5,翻译英语长句的步骤安排,英语翻译的基本方法：,1,、顺序法,2,、倒置法（逆序法）,3,、拆分法,4,、重组法,5,、综合法,紧缩主干,2.,区分主从,3.,辨析词义,4.,分清层次,5.,调整搭配,6.,润饰选词,翻译英语长句的步骤安排英语翻译的基本方法：紧缩主干,6,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（一）顺译法,顺译分段法，故名思义，即基本上按照英语句子的语序把英语长句化整为零。根据对原文分析的结果，在语句的连接处，如关联词语处，并列或转折处，后续成份与主体连接处等地方，按意群将长句断开后译成若干汉语分句。,处理英语长句的翻译技巧（一）顺译法 顺译分段法,7,In reading,we appear to enter into a world of imagination,a few people seek refuge from reality in this and always prefer it to the world of everyday,but they are missing the full significance if they do so.,读书时，我们进入了一个想象的世界，一些人在那个世界中寻求现实的避难所，并总以为那个世界比现实世界好，但是，他们如果这样做的话，就失去了读书的全部意义。,In reading,we appear t,8,But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited,and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their“expectation of life”,the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.,可是现在人们意识到,其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的,人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质,“,可望存在多少年,”,也就是说,经过若干年后,这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。,But now it is realized,9,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（二）倒置法,倒置法是指在某种程度上将原文分段为若干个短小的句子，然后按照汉语逻辑与习惯表达的方式重新进行安排，这样原文的语序有全部或局部的变换，甚至译文各分句的顺序有可能与原文恰恰相反。,处理英语长句的翻译技巧（二）倒置法 倒置法是指,10,It is extraordinary,that in all the years the British spent in Egypt they never got to know the real people of Egypt.,（部分倒置）,英国人在埃及消磨的岁月如此之长，而对真正的埃及人民却一无所知，这点颇不寻常。,Such is human nature in the West,that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.,（部分倒置）,许多人常常宁愿牺牲较高的工资以换取白领工人的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之常情。,It is extraordinary that in al,11,And he knew how ashamed he would have been,if his girl friend had known his mother,and the kind of,place,wh,ere,he was born,and the kind of people among whom he was born.（全部倒置）,他出生在这类人中间，出生在这样的地方，他有这样的母亲，这些如果让他女朋友知道了的话，他明白有多么丢人。,And he knew how ashamed he wou,12,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（三）拆译法,拆译法就是将英语句子中有些成分，比如词、词组、插入成分或者从句，从句子的主干中拆分出来处理，或变成短句，或变成独立句等。这些成分可改变位置，但是要利于译文句子的总体安排，使译文自然、通顺。,处理英语长句的翻译技巧（三）拆译法 拆译法就是,13,The number of young people in the United States who cannot read is,incredible,-about one in four.,（单词拆译）,大约四分之一的美国年轻人不具备阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。,Let us admit,and,regret,that he honestly believes it impossible to differ from him.,（单词拆译）,我们不得不承认，他真的相信凡与他抱不同见解的人不可能是一个正人君子，这是令人遗憾的事。,The number of young people in,14,There is a tide taken at the flood in the affairs,not only of men but of women too,which leads on to fortune.,（词组拆译）,人生在世，有时会走运，抓住时机，就能飞黄腾达，不但男性如此，女性也一样。,With the fear of,largely imaginary,plots,against his leadership,his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him.,由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导地位，他似乎完全丧失了自信，但是所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己凭空想象出来的。,There is a tide taken at the f,15,A friendly correspondence as neighbors and old acquaintances had continued between me and Mrs.Reads family,who all had a regard for me from the time of my first lodging in their house,.,（从句拆译）,从我第一次入住他们家开始，里德太太一家人就一直对我很关心，我们像是友好的邻居，又像是相识多年的老朋友那样，书信来往始终未断。,This land,which once barred the way of weary travelers,now has become a land for winter and summer vacations,a land of magic and wonder.,现在此处已经成为冬夏两季的度假胜地，风光景物，蔚为奇观；而从前，筋疲力尽的旅游者到此只得止步。,A friendly correspondence as n,16,All they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays,films,operas,and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.,他们所必须做的只是按一下开关。开关一开,就可以看到电视剧、电影、歌剧,以及其他各种各样的文艺节目。至于政治问题的辩论、最近的激动人心的足球赛更是不在话下。,All they have to do is press a,17,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（四）重组法,重组法的概念较为模糊。当原文的句子比较复杂、逻辑关系比较混乱的时候，可以尝试此种译法。在理清英语长句结构、理解原文意义的前提下，把英语长句译为若干个小分句，摆脱原文语序和句子形式的约束，按照汉语的叙述习惯重新组合句子。但是在翻译过程中还必须同时考虑对原文表达意义的轻重、方式以及语气。,处理英语长句的翻译技巧（四）重组法 重组法的概,18,Law-and-order is the longest-running and probably the best-loved political issue in U.S.history.Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as lawbreakers,let alone criminals,are increasingly taking liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect them and their society.,法律和秩序是美国历史上持续时间最长、也可能是政治上最热门的话题。然而，如今数以百万计的美国人尽管从来不认为自己会违反法律，更不用说会成为罪犯，却在越来越随意地践踏那些专为保护他们和他们的社会而制定的法规。显而易见，这不能不使人痛心疾首。,Law-and-order is the lo,19,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（五）综合法,上面我们讲述了英语长句的逆序法、顺序法和分句法,事实上,在翻译一个英语长句时,并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法,而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用,这