单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,解,题,方,略,解题方略,我们必须了解文章的语篇结构，掌握语篇的衔接手段，把握句际和段际之间的逻辑关系，才可有效解题。,我们必须了解文章的语篇结构，掌握语篇的衔接手,1.,了解文章的语篇结构,说明文一般为总分或总分总结构，表现为一个中心话题、多个拓展段、一个（或没有）结论段。其中首段为主题段，其后为拓展段，各拓展段之间一般为并列关系，统一服务于中心话题，主题一致，语义关联；结论段位于最后（有的无结论段），进行总结，呼应主题,明确写作目的,。,1.了解文章的语篇结构,20162020年五年15套卷中的七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：,20162020年五年15套卷中的七选五的语,以上四种，其实是三种。图1和图2都是“总分”结构，只不过图2的“总”有两个自然段而已，共有11套；“总分总”结构的共3套；“总分分”结构的仅1套。,总之，通常是“总分(总)”结构，偶尔是“总分分”结构。,把握住这个”总分(总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。,以上四种，其实是三种。图1和图2都是“总分”结构，只不过图,下面以2020新高考卷为例(方便起见，只保留相关文字)：,Talking with your doctor,Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.,Stay positive.,Keep track of how you are feeling.,_,39,_,Your medical history is a list of your illnesses,treatments,what the doctors told you to do,and anything else you think your doctor should know.Also,if you are allergic(过敏)to any medicines,be sure to mention that to your doctor.,Ask questions.,下面以2020新高考卷为例(方便起见，只保留相关,该语篇是典型的“总分”结构，据此，我们可以快速地从七个选项中为第39题选出两个备选项，大大缩小了范围：,原因如下：,1.从位置上看，第39题为段落主题句，与其他三段并列，其他三个段落的主题句均是以祈使句，因此第39题也应是祈使句。,2.段落内容必须服务于段落主题。第39题，由“medical history”“medicines”可知选F项。,该语篇是典型的“总分”结构，据此，我们可以快,2.,掌握语篇的衔接手段,语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段,(,如指代等,),和词汇手段,(,如复现关系、同现关系等,),。,(1),语法手段,(,指代,),凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如：,2.掌握语篇的衔接手段,(2020年全国卷)In Asia,messaging platforms are growing rapidly,with users in the hundreds of millions,both at work and play._,36,_.Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.,D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally,G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform,(2020年全国卷)In Asia,messagin,解析：,根据设空处前一句中的“In Asia,messaging platforms are growing rapidly”及后一句中的“76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work”可知，此处应表示信息通信平台已在全球范围内普及。D项（这些平台已普及全球）符合语境，此处D项中的these platforms指代前一句中的messaging platforms,。,解析：根据设空处前一句中的“In Asia,messagi,(2),词汇手段,(,复现,/,同现,),词语复现：,如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。,(2)词汇手段(复现/同现),(2020年新高考卷),Keep track of how you are feeling.,_,38,_ This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms(症状)and how medicines make you feel.It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about.Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you,ve felt that way.,C.You can talk to another doctor if the treatments dont work.,D.Before your doctors visit,keep notes on how you are feeling.,(2020年新高考卷)C.You can talk to,解析：,观察选项，选项B中的“how you are feeling”与小标题中的“how you are feeling”属于原词复现。将答案代入原文，前后语义衔接紧密，故选D项,。,解析：观察选项，选项B中的“how you are feel,词语同现：,就是相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如,school,teacher,student,headmaster,class,test,fail,pass,learn,等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：,词语同现：就是相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性,解析：,与空后句中的,ingredients(,配料,),pancakes(,薄煎饼,),可能同时出现的，只有选项,A,中的,cook,，故选,A,项,(,鼓励孩子跟你一起烹饪,),。,(2014,全国,卷,),Your children need to be deeply curious.,_,37,_,Ask kids,“What ingredients(,配料,)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”,A.Encourage kids to cook with you.,C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.,词语同现,解析：与空后句中的ingredients(配料),panc,结构复现：,就是句子结构重复出现，常有,also,作为标志词。如：,(2019,全国,卷,),_,37,_,More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal?First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only then should you set your goals.,B.So how should you motivate yourself?,D.So why should we try to set specific goals?,结构复现,结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有also作为标志词。,解析：,因空后句中,how should you,与选项,B,中,how should you,是结构复现；下文提到“更重要的是，你应该如何保持动力来实现目标？”，将选项,B“,那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”代入文中，前后意义衔接。,解析：因空后句中how should you与选项B中 h,值得注意的是，,利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是在解题过程中需重点考虑或优先考虑而已。是否正确，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否衔接。,高考英语二轮专题复习七选五解题方略课件,3.,把握句际的逻辑关系,(1),总分关系,:,要求考生根据,“总,(,主题句,)”,选“分,(,支撑句或分述句,)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如：,3.把握句际的逻辑关系,(2020年全国卷),_,37,_,Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.Why do you follow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.,F.Stop comparing yourself with others.,G.When does the comparison game start?,(2020年全国卷)_37_ D,解析：,设空处位于本段段首，应为本段的主题句。根据本段中的关键词句“Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.”和“your life is better than theirs”可推知，本段应与将自己和他人比较有关。故F项（不要拿自己和别人比较）能够概括本段主要内容，符合语境,。,解析：设空处位于本段段首，应为本段的主题句。根据本段中的关键,(2),顺承关系：,顺承是按时间、空间或逻辑事理上的顺序说出连续的动作或相关的情况，分句之间有先后相承的关系。如：,(2)顺承关系：顺承是按时间、空间或逻辑事理上的顺序说出连,(2020年全国卷)Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job,earned your degree,and you got out of bed today.,_,39,_,C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.,D.Reme