Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第十三章 探究简单电路,13.5 怎样认识和测量电压,课前预习,1.电源是提供_的装置,_使自由电荷做定向移动形成电流电路中有电压_(填“一定”或“不一定”)有电流,2.电压用字母_表示,单位是_,简称_,符号是_,测量电压用_,3.一节新干电池的电压:_V;一节铅蓄电池的电压:_V;我国家庭电路的电压:,电压(或电能),电压,不一定,U,伏特,伏,V,电压表,1.5,2,课前预习,_V;对人体安全的电压:_V,4.电压表的使用方法:,电压表要_在被测电路中;,正负接线柱接法要正确,使电流从_接线柱流进,从_接线柱流出;,被测电压_超过电压表的_,5.比较电压表与电流表的异同,将下列表格填写完整:,220,不高于36,并联,“+”,“-”,不要,量程,课前预习,电表,电流表,电压表,区别,符号,连接,_联,_联,直接连接电源,_,_,串,并,能,不能,课前预习,区别,量程,00.6 A,03 A,03 V,015 V,每大格,_A,_A,_V,_V,每小格,_A,_A,_V,_V,等效处理,相当于_,相当于_,联系,使用前观察_和_;读数时看清量程和每大(小)格;正接线柱流_,负接线柱流_;不能超过_,0.2,1,1,5,0.02,0.1,0.1,0.5,开路,导线,量程,分度值,入,出,量程,课堂演练,知识点一 电源与电压,1.自来水两端水压不同,形成水流;电路两端有电压,形成电流,通过比较水压形成水流得到电压形成电流,这种研究物理问题的方法叫(),A.类比法B.比较法,C.转换法D.等效法,2.经验表明,对人体安全的电压不能高于(),A.12 VB.36 V,C.220 VD.380 V,A,B,课堂演练,3.关于“电压是电路中产生电流的原因”的理解,下列说法中正确的是(),A.电路中有电压就一定有电流,B.电路中有电流就一定有电压,C.电流和电压是同时存在的,D.以上说法都不对,B,课堂演练,知识点二 电压表,4.关于电压表的使用方法,下列叙述中不正确的是,(),A.绝对不允许不经过用电器而把电压表直接接在电源两极上,B.被测电压不要超过电压表的量程,C.要使电流从电压表正接线柱流入,从负接线柱流出,D.电压表要并联在被测电路两端,A,课堂演练,5.下列电路图中,能正确地测出小灯泡L,1,两端电压的电路是(),D,课后作业,夯实基础,1.关于电压,下列说法中不正确的是(),A.电压是电路中形成电流的原因,B.只要电路两端有电压,电路中就一定有电流,C.电路中有电流时,电路两端就一定有电压,D.电源是提供电压的装置,B,课后作业,2.某实验小组要用电压表测量一节干电池的电压,同学们提出了以下一些做法:,把电压表的正接线柱与干电池的负极相连,负接线柱与电池的正极相连;,在刻度盘上读出电压值;,选择电压表的量程为3 V;把电压表的负接线柱与干电池的负极相连,正接线柱与电池的正极相连;,选择电压表的量程为15 V,课后作业,正确的实验步骤应当是(),A.B.,C.D.,3.当闭合开关后小灯泡正常发光,能直接测量小灯泡两端电压或电流的电路图是(),C,B,课后作业,4.如图13-5-1所示,当电压表使用“”“3”两个接线柱时,电压表的最大测量值是_,最小分度值是_,此时电压表的示数是_;当电压表使用“”“15”两个接线柱时,电压表的最大测量值是_,最小分度值是_,此时电压表的示数是_,3 V,0.1 V,1.1 V,15 V,0.5 V,5.5 V,课后作业,5.在测电压时,先用015 V量程试触后的示数是2.6 V,则下一步应该_.,6.灯L,1,与灯L,2,串联,先用电压表测灯L,1,两端的电压,如图13-5-2所示,再测灯L,2,两端的电压时,只将电压表接A的一端改接到C,这种接法_(填“正确”或“不正确”)这种做法,在,开关闭合后将看到的现象是,_,将“-”和“3”接线柱接入电路中,不正确,电压表指针反偏,课后作业,7.甲、乙、丙三位同学在做“用电压表测电压”的分组实验中,闭合开关前,他们的电压表指针均指在零刻度线处当闭合开关后,电压表的指针摆动情况分别出现了如图13-5-3甲、乙、丙所示的三种情况请分析他们在电压表的使用上分别存在什么问题,并写在下面的横线上,课后作业,(1)甲同学的问题:_.,(2)乙同学的问题:_.,(3)丙同学的问题:_.,8.如图13-5-4所示,请根据电路图连接实物电路,正负接线柱接反了,所选量程过小,所选量程过大,如答图13-5-1所示.,课后作业,9.如图13-5-5所示,请根据实物图,画出相应的电路图,如答图13-5-2所示.,课后作业,能力提升,10.如图13-5-6所示的电路中,各个元件均为实验室常用器材,当开关闭合时,下列说法中正确的是(),A.两表指针均有明显偏转,B.两表指针均几乎不动,C.电流表指针有明显偏转,电压表指针几乎不动,D.电压表指针有明显偏转,电流表指针几乎不动,D,课后作业,11.一个蓄电池的正负极已经模糊,如何利用电压表判断蓄电池的正负极?,答案:将实验室的电压表的正负接线柱分别与蓄电池的两极相连.若电压表的指针向右偏转,则与电压表的正接线柱相连的是蓄电池的正极;,若电压表的指针向左偏转,则与电压表的负接线柱相连的是蓄电池的正极.,全文结束!再见,o study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.,So they followed 171 teens,starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years,and also spoke to these teens closest friends,who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time,the questions surveyed each persons overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data,they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight,family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues,such as anxiety and depression.And in these people,such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.,Getting along with the crowd may have benefits,says Allen,but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and,