,东营市实验中学,吴小梅名师工作室,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,东营市实验中学,吴小梅名师工作室,知识建构,什么是状语？什么是状语从句？,He left his hometown ten years ago.,用来修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分，即为状语,(adverbial modifier),。,He left his hometown when he was a teenager.,由句子来充当状语的成分，即为,状语从句。,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,知识建构什么是状语？什么是状语从句？He left his,状语从句三要素,陈述句语序,时态,引导词,状语从句三要素陈述句语序,考点梳理,状语从句同,副词、介词短语,等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语或整个句子，说明它发生的,时间、地点、方式、条件、原因、目的、结果,等，即,在复合句中，状语从句有其不同的种类和意义。,考点梳理 状语从句同副词、介词短语等作状语一样，,状语从句 分类,1,时间状语从句,9,比较状语从句,6,结果状语从句,8,方式状语从句,7,让步状语从句,2,地点状语从句,3,原因状语从句,4,条件状语从句,5,目的状语从句,状语从句 分类1时间状语从句9比较状语从句6结果状语从句8方,1.时间状语从句,说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。,时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导,A,B,C,when,当,时,before,在,之前,as soon as,一,就,while,在,期间,after,在,之后,the moment,一,就,as,随着,since,自从,以来,到现在为止,the minute,一就,whenever,无论何时,till/ until,直到,every/ each time,每次,1.时间状语从句 说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。时间状,1.时间状语从句,When,“,当,的时候”,既可指时间段，也可指时间点,从句中既可用,延续性动词,，又可用,非延续性动词,动作既可和主句的动作,同时发生,，又可在主句的,动作之前,或,之后,发生,While,“,在,期间”,只能表示一段时间,引导的,从句,只能是,延续性动词,只能与主句中的谓语动词,同时,发生或存在,When& While,巧辨析,1.时间状语从句 When “当的时候”While“在,1.时间状语从句,When A did sth, B was doing sth.,A did sth when/while B was doing sth.,A was doing sth when/while B was doing sth.,eg. 1.,_ Tom was watching TV, his wife was cooking.,2. _ Mary went into the classroom, Vivi was reading.,3. Mary went into the classroom, _Vivi was reading.,When& While,巧辨析,While/ When,When,while/ when,1.时间状语从句 When A did sth, B was,时间状语从句,since,巧记,“,自从,.,时候开始到现在为止,”,，现在完成时态的标志词之一。,A has/have done sth since B did sth.,A has/have done sth since +,过去时间点,eg.,I _(make) many friends since I _ (come) here.,have made,came,时间状语从句 since 巧记have madecame,时间状语从句,辨析：,1.until/till,引导时间状语从句用于,肯定句,时，,主句的动词是延续性动词,，表示动作,/,状态一直持续到,until/till,所表示的时间，意为,“,某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止,”,。,We waited,until,he came.,2.,用于,否定句,时即,not.until.,，主句谓语,动词是非延续性动词，,意为,“,直到,.,什么时候才,.,”,He didnt go to bed,till/until,his mom returned home.,“,延肯瞬否,”,时间状语从句 辨析：,时间状语从句,注意时态问题：,1.,主过从过,2.,主现从不限,3.,主将从现,I,will call,you,as soon as,Tom,gets,home.,时间状语从句 注意时态问题：,Practice,1.Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you”to the drivers _people get off the bus.,A.afterB.sinceC.untilD.when,2.-How long have you lived here?,-I have lived here _I was two years old.,A.beforeB.untilC.becauseD.since,3.I ll send you an e-mail as soon as I _in Canada.,A.arriveB.am arrivingC.arrivedD.will arrive,4.-What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?,-He was reading a magazine_I was writing an e-mail at home.,A.beforeB.untilC.whileD.since,Practice1.Its quite common in,2.地点状语从句,表示地点、 方位， 这类从句通常由,where, wherever,引导，译为“哪里,哪里就,”或“,的地方”。,Go back where you came from.,你从哪儿来的回哪儿去吧！,Where there is a will, there is a way.,有志者，事竟成。,You can take a walk,wherever,you like to.,你想去哪就去哪散步吧！,2.地点状语从句 表示地点、 方位， 这类从句通常由wher,3.原因状语从句,用来说明引起主句这个结果的原因的从句。从属连词主要有：,because, since, for, as,等。,3.原因状语从句 用来说明引起主句这个结果的原因的从句。从属,because:,回答,why,引导的疑问句，一般位于主句后；,He didnt come to school,because,he was ill.,as:,语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显；,As,it is raining, we shall not go to the zoo.,since,：表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的,“,既然,”,。,Since,you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.,for:,并列,连词，引导的句子不置于句首，是一种非直接的、随便附加说明的理由或推断。,The oil must be out,for,the light went out.,because:回答why引导的疑问句，一般位于主句后；,原因状语从句,because,和,so,不能同时用在一个句子里,because,和,because of,的区别：,because,后面跟,从句,；,because of,后面跟,名词、代词、动名词,等。,He is late for school because,it rains heavily,.,He is late for school because of,the heavy rain,.,巧辨析,原因状语从句 because和so不能同时用在一个句子里巧辨,Practice,1. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.,A. sinceB. becauseC. thatD. because of,2. She found her wallet _ she lost it.,A. where B. when C. which D. that,3. We must camp _ we can get water.,A. whereB. when C. whichD. what,4. He didnt go to work _ the heavy rain.,A. becauseB.,because of,C.,since,D. so,Practice1. I was late for clas,4.条件状语从句,表示条件，常用的连接词,:,if, unless, as long as(,只要,),等,。,注意：,条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样，如果主句用将来时，从句要用现在时代替将来时。（,主将从现,）,eg. We,will,go to the party if we,are invited,.,4.条件状语从句 表示条件，常用的连接词: if, unle,条件状语从句,if & unless,巧辨析,unless= if.not, “,如果不,.”,。,eg.,You will fail,unless,you study hard.,=,You will fail,if,you,dont,study hard.,条件状语从句 if & unless 巧辨析 unless,Practice,1.Youll be late_you dont get up early tomorrow morning.,A.if B.when C.before D.until,2.If you_him tomorrow, please ask him if he_to work on the farm with us.,A.see; goes B.will see; goes,C.will see; will go D.see; will go,3.You cant learn it well _ you work hard.,A. unless B. if C. since D. because,4. _ we try hard, we will make it.,A. BecauseB. Unless C. As long as D. For,Practice1.Youll be late_y,5.目的状语从句,常由,so that, in order that, so,等词引导，常,含有情态动词,(may/might/shall/should/will/would/can/could),，,常放于主句之后。,1.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。,He spoke slowly,in order that,everyone,could,understand him.,注意：,in order that,后接句子，,in order to,后接,do sth.,。,5.目的状语从句 常由so that, in order t,6.结果状语从句,表示一种结果，常用的连词：,so,that; such,that,表示,“,如此,以至于,”,。,sothat,：,1.so+,形容词副词,that,2.so+,形容词,a(an),单数名词,that,3.so,many/much/few/little(,多多少少,),复数名词,/,不可数名词,+that,suchthat,：,1.such,a(an),形容词可数,名词单数,that2.such,形容词,复数名词不可数名词,that,巧辨,so & such,6.结果状语从句 表示一种结果，常用的连词： sothat,Practice,1. His mother was _ busy _ she cant look after Tom.,A. so, that B. such, that C. very , that D. too, to,2.,He was _ angry that he couldnt say a word.,A. so B. too C. very D. much,3.,There is _ little money that I cant buy the shirt.,suchB. so C. much D. many,4.,He was _ a little boy that everyone takes care of him.,A. so B. such C. many D. much,小口诀,名词,such,形副,so,，,多多少少还用,so,；,Little,一词有多解；,小用,such,，少用,so,。,Practice1. His mother was _,7.让步状语从句,让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，,常用的关联词有：,though/although; even though(if);,whether.or.; no matter+,疑问词,/,疑问词,-ever,等。,注意：,though/although; even though(if),意义相近，但是不能和,but,连用。,7.让步状语从句 让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概,让步状语从句,whether.or.,“,不论是否,.,，不管是,.,还是,.”,由一个复合连词引导让步状语从句，说明正反两方面的可能性都不影响主句的意向或结果。,You will have to attend the ceremony,whether youre free or busy.,考点诠释,让步状语从句 whether.or. “不,让步状语从句,no matter+,疑问词，疑问词,-ever,均可,引导让步状语从句时,。,No matter what,happened, he would not mind.,=,W,hatever,happened, he would not mind.,而,“,疑问词,-ever”,还可以引导名词性从句,Ill eat,whatever you give me.,(,宾语从句,),考点诠释,让步状语从句 no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ev,Practice,1.Kate went to school _ it rained heavily yesterday.,A. though B. if C. but D. since,2.,Home is always the warmest place, _we go.,A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever,Practice1.Kate went to school,8.方式状语从句,常由,as(,按照,),，,as if/,as though,（似乎、好像）,等词引导。,考点诠释,1.,as,“,按照，正如,”,，引导的从句常位于主句后。,Please do as what I told you.,8.方式状语从句 常由as(按照)，as if/as tho,方式状语从句,考点诠释,2. as if / as though,“,仿佛,.,似的，好像,.,似的,”,He sounds,as if/though,he has got a sore throat.,注意：,as if/though,也可以引导一个分词短语或不定式短语。,He cleared his throat as if,to say something,.,他清了清嗓子，好像要说些什么。,方式状语从句 考点诠释2. as if / as thoug,9.比较状语从句,比较状语从句，常由,than/as.as/the more.the more,等词引导,;,比较状语从句后面的主语，在口语中，常可省略；,比较连词,前后的结构要一致。,than,:,表,两者,的比较；,as.as,:,同级比较；,as,和,as,间要加,形容词或副词的原级,；,the more., the more.,:,越,.,就越,.,9.比较状语从句 比较状语从句，常由than/as.as,比较状语从句,考点诠释,1.,肯定句中，用,“,as+,原级,+as,”,句型；,否定句中,，用,“,not as/so,+,原级,+as,”,句型,Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen.,I can,not,jump as/so high as Jim.,比较状语从句 考点诠释1.肯定句中，用“as+原级+as”句,比较状语从句,考点诠释,2.,表示甲超过,/,不及乙时，用,“,比较级,+,从句,”,（从句中常省略意义与主句相同的部分）,He jumps,higher than you (do),.,比较状语从句 考点诠释2.表示甲超过/不及乙时，用“比较级+,比较状语从句,考点诠释,3.,注意：表,“,越来越,.”,的两个句型：,1).,比较级,+and+,比较级,The little girl is becoming,more and more beautiful.,2).the+,比较级,.,the+,比较级,.,The harder,you study, the more,you can learn.,比较状语从句 考点诠释3.注意：表“越来越.”的两个句型,Practice,1.He doesnt work so hard _ you do.,as,2.The more you do, _(good)youll become.,the better,3.She did worse in the test_she expected.,than,Practice1.He doesnt work so h,1.I will call you,when,I see him.,2.,If,you try it, you will like it.,3.,Where,there is water, there is life.,4.,Because,he likes the game, he works hard.,5.He works hard,so that,he can win.,6.,Even though,he wins, he is not happy.,7.They tried their best,so,they won.,8.Please state the fact just,as,they are.,9.He runs faster,than,his father does.,时间,状语从句,条件,状语从句,地点,状语从句,原因,状语从句,目的,状语从句,让步,状语从句,结果,状语从句,方式,状语从句,比较,状语从句,达标检测,1.I will call you when I see h,学法提炼,1,2,3,理解状语从句的含义,;,熟记状语从句引导词,;,牢记状语从句用陈述句语序；,注意易混连词的辨析及用法,;,掌握状语从句与时态的结合考查,;,重点掌握常考的引导词：,when/if/so that,等,;,学法提炼123理解状语从句的含义;牢记状语从句用陈述句,