单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,名 词,第1页/共28页,名 词第1页/共28页,1,名词考点：,1.,单复数,2.,所有格,3.,可数名词不可数名词,4.,主谓一致,第2页/共28页,名词考点：第2页/共28页,2,名词在句子中的作用,找出句子中的名词并指出它们的作用,The train,is approaching.,The story is very interesting.,I will spend my summer holiday on the beach.,I read a book in the library.,She became my,friend,.,He is a teacher.,He speaks English.,I did it for the country.,第3页/共28页,名词在句子中的作用找出句子中的名词并指出它们的作用第3页/共,3,9.They have great concern for us,students,.,10.China our mother land is a developing country.,11.The meeting lasted,an hour.,12.We made him our,monitor.,13.Take a seat,Miss Lake.,14.We made him our monitor,.,第4页/共28页,9.They have great concern for,4,名词的句法功能：,名词在句子中可以多种句子成分，如做,语等。,第5页/共28页,名词的句法功能：第5页/共28页,5,用所给词的正确形式填空并判断语法功能,:,1,(2016,全国，,61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires,Asias biggest building,and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me,pandas are its top_(attract),2,(2016,全国，,69)The nursery team switches him every few _(day)with his sister.,3,(2016,全国，,42)Handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve),4,(2016,全国，,46)Recent_(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.,第6页/共28页,用所给词的正确形式填空并判断语法功能:第6页/共28页,6,I.,可数名词的复数变法,情况,加法,例词,一般情况,以,s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词,以辅音,y,结尾的词,以辅音,+o,结尾的词,以,f,或,fe,结尾的词,加,-s,加,-es,去,y,加,-ies,多数加,-es,把,f/fe,改成,ves,brothers;schools,buses;watches;dishes,ladies;countries,heroes;tomatoes,halves;leaves,1.,规则动词,第7页/共28页,I.可数名词的复数变法情况加法例词一般情况以s,x,ch,s,7,不规则名词单复数变化,:,（,1,）,单复数同形,:,sheep,deer,fish,means,species,works(,工厂,),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,（,2,）,改变字母,：,man-m,e,n,woman-wom,e,n,policeman-policem,e,n,sales woman sales wom,e,n,foot-f,ee,t,tooth-t,ee,th,goose-g,ee,se,mouse m,ic,e ba,sis,-ba,ses,（,3,）,增加字母,:,child-child,ren,ox ox,en,第8页/共28页,不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:第8页/共28页,8,（,4,）,以,o,结尾的词,：,加,s,:,photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco,加,es,:,tomato,potato,hero,Negroes,and,heroes,like to eat,tomatoes,and,potatoes,.,（,5,）,以,f,或,fe,结尾的词,:,直接加,s,：,roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,变,f,为,v,再加,es,：,life,wife,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thief,Wives sees thieves are under shelves.,Holing knives to kill wolves.,Fallen leaves cut wolves into two halves,losing lives.,妻子,见,贼架,下藏。手持,刀子,要杀,狼,。,树叶,把狼分,两半,，可怜老狼把,命亡。,第9页/共28页,（4）以o结尾的词：妻子见贼架下藏。手持刀子要杀狼。第9页/,9,(6),合成名词的复数形式：,1.,将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数：,looker(,s,)-on,passer(,s,)-by,mother(,s,)-in-law,将最后一部分变为复数：,grown-up(s),go-between(s)(,中间人），,2.,含,man,或,woman,的合成名词：,它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如：,a man doctor-two m,e,n doctor,s,woman teacher-wom,e,n teacher,s,注意：,boy student,s,girl friend,s,lady doctor,s,第10页/共28页,(6)合成名词的复数形式：第10页/共28页,10,A,名词只能用复数形式的短语：,do exercise,s,（做操）,take note,s,(,做笔记）,take turn,s,（轮流）,make friend,s,with,（交朋友）,shake hand,s,with (,握手）,as follow,s,（如下）,in rag,s,（衣衫褴褛）,in dozen,s,（成打的）,第11页/共28页,A名词只能用复数形式的短语：第11页/共28页,11,II.,不可数名词的”数”,1.,抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：,抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）,in surprise,惊讶地,a surprise,一件令人惊讶的事,win success,获得成功,a success,一个,(,件,),成功的人,(,事,),win honor,赢得荣誉,an honor,一个,(,件,),引以为荣的,(,事,),by experience,靠经验,an experience,一次经历,youth,青春,a youth,一个青年人,have pity on sb.,怜悯某人,a pity,可惜的事情,with pleasure,乐意,a pleasure,乐事,第12页/共28页,II.不可数名词的”数”1.抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态,12,Failure,is the mother of success.,He thought himself,a failure.,He has got rich,experience,after many e,xperiences,Though she loves,beauty,she is not,a beauty,.,He gains,success,in marriage,but he is not,a success,in career.,第13页/共28页,Failure is the mother of succe,13,2.,抽象名词与,a(an),连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：,A knowledge,of English is,a must,in international trade.,Would you like to have,a walk(swim,bath,talk),with me?,It is,a waste of time,reading such a novel.,第14页/共28页,2.抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可,14,必须牢记的不可数名词,progress advice fun information,work baggage luggage news,jewelry weather equipment,knowledge homework furniture,改错：,1.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.,2.If we go on a trip abroad,we can broaden our view and gain knowledges.,第15页/共28页,必须牢记的不可数名词progress a,15,1),当不可数名词表示个体时，必须使用单位名词,(,量词,),。,a piece of advice/bread/chalk/news,a pair of glasses/shoes/trousers,two bottles of ink/milk/wine,2,）,下面不可数名词不可与不定冠词连用。,advice weather knowledge homework,progress fun news housework,information furniture traffic,第16页/共28页,1)当不可数名词表示个体时，必须使用单位名词(量词,16,3),有些名词的用法随意义变化而不同。,coffee(,咖啡,)a coffee(,一杯咖啡,),glass (,玻璃,)a glass (,玻璃杯,),man (,人类,)a man (,男人,),iron (,铁,)an iron(,熨斗,),room,（空间）,a room,（房间）,work,（工作）,a work,（著作）,paper,（报纸）,a paper,（报社）,hair,（头发）,hairs,（几根头发）,第17页/共28页,3)有些名词的用法随意义变化而不同。第17页/共28页,17,III.,名词单复数的特殊情况,:,集体名词,只用作复数,：,police,cattle,people,，,public,the youth,(2),集体名词用作不可数名词,:,clothing,furniture,luggage(baggage),wealth,(3),集体名词视具体情况而定单复数,：,family,class,population,staff,crew,couple,public,group,team,party,club,company,government,committee,audience,enemy,(4),只有复数形式的名词,:,clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,scissors,goods,，,wages,tears,第18页/共28页,III.名词单复数的特殊情况:集体名词只用作复数：第18,18,(5),以,s,结尾但不表示复数,:,mathematics,physics,politics,news,woods,(,森林,),works