单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,*,*,阶段方法技巧训练(二),专训,1,化简与求值的,常见类型,习题课,阶段方法技巧训练(二)专训1 化简与求值的习题课,整式的化简常与求值相结合,解决这类问题,的大致步骤可以简记为“一化,二代,三计算”,,但有时也可根据题目的特征和已知条件选择灵活,的解题方法,其常见的类型有:直接代入求值,,化繁为简后再求值,整体代入求值,整体加减求,值等,.,整式的化简常与求值相结合,解决这类问题,1,题型,化繁为简后再求值,化简求值:,3,a,2,b,2,ab,2,2,ab,3,ab,2,,其中,a,,,b,满足:,(,a,2),2,|,b,1|,0.,由题意知,a,2,0,,,b,1,0,,所以,a,2,,,b,1.,原式,3,a,2,b,(2,ab,2,2,ab,3,a,2,b,ab,),3,ab,2,3,a,2,b,2,ab,2,2,ab,3,a,2,b,ab,3,ab,2,(3,3),a,2,b,(,2,3),ab,2,(2,1),ab,ab,2,ab,.,解:,1题型化繁为简后再求值化简求值:3a2b2ab22,当,a,2,,,b,1,时,,原式,ab,2,ab,21,2,(,2)1,21,(,2)1,2,(,2),4.,当a2,b1时,,已知,A,3,a,2,6,ab,b,2,,,B,a,2,5,ab,7,b,2,,,其中,a,1,,,b,1,,求,3,A,2,B,的值,.,3,A,2,B,3(3,a,2,6,ab,b,2,),2(,a,2,5,ab,7,b,2,),9,a,2,18,ab,3,b,2,2,a,2,10,ab,14,b,2,(,9,2),a,2,(18,10),ab,(,3,14),b,2,11,a,2,8,ab,17,b,2,.,解:,已知A3a26abb2,Ba25ab7b2,,当,a,1,,,b,1,时,,3,A,2,B,11(,1),2,8(,1)1,171,2,111,8(,1),171,11,(,8),17,36.,所以,3,A,2,B,的值为,36.,当a1,b1时,,2,整体代入求值,题型,已知,3,a,7,b,的值为,3,,求,2(2,a,b,1),5(,a,4,b,1),3,b,的值,.,原式,4,a,2,b,2,5,a,20,b,5,3,b,(4,5),a,(2,20,3),b,2,5,9,a,21,b,3,,,解:,2整体代入求值题型已知3a7b的值为3,求2(2ab,当,3,a,7,b,3,时,,原式,9,a,21,b,3,3(3,a,7,b,),3,3(,3),3,9,3,6.,当3a7b3时,,已知,A,B,3,x,2,5,x,1,,,A,C,2,x,3,x,2,5,,,求当,x,2,时,B,C,的值,.(,提示:,B,C,(,A,B,),(,A,C,),B,C,(,A,B,),(,A,C,),3,x,2,5,x,1,(,2,x,3,x,2,5),3,x,2,5,x,1,2,x,3,x,2,5,(3,3),x,2,(,5,2),x,1,5,3,x,6.,解:,已知AB3x25x1,AC2x3x25,B,当,x,2,时,,3,x,6,32,6,6,6,0.,所以,B,C,的值为,0.,当x2时,,3,整体加减求值,题型,5.,已知,A,2,x,2,4,xy,2,x,3,,,B,x,2,xy,2,,,且,3,A,6,B,的值与,x,无关,求,y,的值,.,3,A,6,B,3(2,x,2,4,xy,2,x,3),6(,x,2,xy,2),6,x,2,12,xy,6,x,9,(,6,x,2,),6xy,12,(6,6),x,2,(12,6),xy,6,x,3,18,xy,6,x,3,(18,y,6),x,3,,,解:,3整体加减求值题型5.已知A2x24xy2x3,B,因为,3,A,6,B,的值与,x,无关,,所以,18,y,6,0,,,y,所以,y,的值为,因为3A6B的值与x无关,,4,直接代入求值,题型,已知,a,,,b,互为相反数,,c,,,d,互为倒数,,|,x,|,1,,,求式子,a,b,x,2,cdx,的值,.,因为,a,,,b,互为相反数,,c,,,d,互为倒数,,|,x,|,1,,,所以,a,b,0,,,cd,1,,,x,1,,,当,a,b,0,,,cd,1,,,x,1,时,,原式,0,1,2,11,0,1,1,0.,解:,4直接代入求值题型已知a,b互为相反数,c,d互为倒数,|x,当,a,b,0,,,cd,1,,,x,1,时,,原式,0,(,1),2,1(,1),1,(,1),2.,综上所述:式子,a,b,x,2,cdx,的值为,0,或,2.,当ab0,cd1,x1时,,7.,已知,m,,,x,,,y,满足,(,x,5),2,5|,m,|,0,且,2,a,2,b,y,1,与,7,b,3,a,2,是同类项,求,2,x,2,6,y,2,m,(,xy,9,y,2,),(3,x,2,3,xy,7,y,2,),的值,.,由题意知,x,5,0,,,|,m,|,0,,,y,1,3,,,所以,x,5,,,m,0,,,y,2.,解:,7.已知m,x,y满足 (x5)25|m|0,当,x,5,,,m,0,,,y,2,时,,原式,2,x,2,6,y,2,mxy,9,my,2,3,x,2,3,xy,7,y,2,(2,3),x,2,(,6,9,m,7),y,2,(,m,3),xy,x,2,(13,9,m,),y,2,(,m,3),xy,5,2,132,2,(0,3)52,25,134,352,47.,当x5,m0,y2时,,5,数形结合求值,题型,8.,已知三个有理数,a,,,b,,,c,在数轴上的位置如图所,示,且,|,a,|,2,,,|,b,|,3,,,|,c,|,1.,求:,a,b,c,的值,.,由数轴可知:,a,2,,,b,3,,,c,1.,则,a,b,c,2,(,3),1,2,3,1,1,1,2.,所以,a,b,c,的值为,2.,解:,5数形结合求值题型8.已知三个有理数a,b,c在数轴上的,