,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,American Presidential,Election,Prepared by:,May,StartwiththeConstitution(,宪法,),quadrennial,TheElectionDayistheTuesdaybetweenNovember2ndand8th(thelastone:Nov.4,th,2008;thenextone:Nov6th,2012,）,CandidatesforPresidentandVice-PresidentRunTogether.(Inmostcases,thepresidentialcandidateselectavice-presidentialcandidatehimself.),TheConstitutionstatesthatsuffragecannotbedeniedongroundsofrace,color,sexorage.,Basicintroduction,Content,PresidentialJobDescription,PresidentialElectionSystem,Processofpresidentialelection,Factorsinfluencingturnout,NegativeimpactofAmericanpresidentialelection,Whatwecanlearn from Americanpresidentialelection,Terms:,No morethantwoterms or ten years,Rewardsof president,$200,000a year,Living in WhiteHouse,CampDavid as aretreat,Fleets of aircraft and cars,A generous pension,Money for anofficeandstaff afterretirement,PresidentialJobDescription,党间领导,国内政策,的,的领导,行政领导,对外政策,的,的领导,军事能力,象征性的,领,领导,（四）,总,总统选举,程,程序,提名程序(,nomination process),总统候选,人,人竞选,正式选举(,generalelection),primaryelction,党的全国,代,代表大会,procedure,Feb,June,July,Aug,Sep,Nov,Dec,nextJan,选举人投,票,票(,electoralvoting)12,月份第二个,星,星期三后的,第,第一个星期,一,一,大选日选民,投,投票(,voting onElection Day)11,月份第一个,星,星期一后的,第,第一个星期,二,二,国会两院联,席,席会议上计,票,票(,electoralvotescounting),、宣布大选,结,结果,declare election results,1,月,20,日宣誓就职,nomination,（,1,）,1790-1824,年的国会党,团,团会议提名,制,制,（,2,）,1831-1968,年的全国代,表,表大会提名,制,制,（,3,）,1968,年,至,至,今,今,的,的,预,预,选,选,提,提,名,名,制,制,PresidentialElectionSystem,ElectionsforPresidentandVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesareindirectelectionsinwhichvoterscastballotsforaslateofelectorsoftheU.S.ElectoralCollege,whointurndirectlyelectthePresident andVice President.,Most state lawsestablish awinner-take-allsystem,whereinthe ticketthat winsa,plurality,ofvoteswins allofthat statesallocated electoralvotes,and thushas their slate of electors chosentovote in theElectoralCollege.,PresidentialElectionSystem,Totalelectoralvotes:538,Candidategetsmore than,270win theelection,“Winner-take-all”,Exceptions:MaineandNebraska,Wherewouldyoufocusyourenergyandcampaignthehardest?,08,年美,国,国选,举,举人,分,分布,538electors,100,Senators,435,Congressmen,3electors,TheDistrictofColumbia,535,RepresentativesinCongress,50,states 538,Senate 100,House of Representatives,435,Colombia DC 3,选举,人,人和,选,选举,人,人团,制,制,美国,宪,宪法,第,第二,条,条第,一,一款,规,规定,：,：,每州,应,应依,照,照该,议,议会,所,所定,方,方式,选,选派,选,选举,人,人若,干,干人,，,，其,数,数目,同,同该,州,州在,国,国会,应,应有,的,的参,议,议员,和,和众,议,议员,总,总人,数,数相,等,等,，但,参,参议,员,员或,众,众议,员,员，,或,或在,合,合众,国,国属,下,下担,任,任有,责,责任,或,或有,薪,薪金,职,职务,的,的人,，,，不,得,得被,选,选派,为,为选,举,举人,。,。由,各,各州,选,选派,的,的选,举,举人,组,组成,选,选举,人,人团,。,。,由选举人,团,团投票,如,如得票数,超,超过选举,人,人总数的,一,一半，即,当,当选为总,统,统，这就,是,是选举人,团,团制。,4.General,Election,全国选举,5.inaug-uration,总统就职,仪,仪式,Processof presidentialelection,Eachstate has its own electors,Each state starts to conduct popular elections to choose their slate of electors:,indirect election system,.,Eachparty has its own electoralcollege(,选举委员,会,会）,大规模的,TheelectorsfromEachState,makeuptheElectoral College“,Themajor politicalpartieswillofficiallyholditspresidential nominatingconventions.,In thisnominating conventions,The,“,“Electoral College”,Votes for the President.,Normally,the candidateforpresident receivingthemajority(50%)of the electoralvotes is,theelectedpresident,.,Indirect,Direct,The candidates of the major parties will go to many states to win the supporters by means of,：,campaigning trips to different states,addressing TV speeches,showing on TV debates.,These media tools play an important role in running(,宣传造势）,.,This process costs lots.,总统大选,电,电视辩论2012,第,第一场,turnoutin 2008,Maccine admited his failure,Obamawon the election,National RepresentativesConference,AfterNational RepresentativesConference,someone iselected as partysofficial candidate,They began to,introduce,theirown partyspolitical claims,theirown political programmes,voters,give promises,Servethe people,voters,get more support,二、打造形象,（,（,04,年为例）,1.beautifyoneself,2.tryto deglamorize their opponents,Time:the first Tuesdayafterthe first Monday of November;,Purpose:select electors;,5.Inauguration:Januaryin the nextyear,Factors influencing turnout,Satisfaction,Quality of campaigns:lack ofreal issues;negative advertising,Frequency and length ofelections,Frequent public polls,Much coverage by the media,Troublesomeregisteringprocess,Negative Impact ofAmerican presidentialelection,Very costlyand money consuming campaign;,2008 election costmorethan 1billion USD,In thefierce competition,a lot ofimmoral trickhas been used;,personal attacks and defame are always been usedin the campaign,Negative Impact ofAmerican presidentialelection,The existingelection system make itdifficult for other third party(exceptDemocratic and Public)to be elected.,Negative Impact ofAmerican presidentialelection,2023/3/8,2023/3/8,What wecan learn from American presidential election,Totallytransparent electionprocess;,Fully competitive election process;,Maturedelection system andculture,click me,THE END,演讲完毕，谢谢,观,观看！,