,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,2015/9/6,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Unit 16 Foreign Relations,美国独立战争后，美国政府一直采取孤立主义的外交政策。但两次世界大战结束以后，美国经济和军事实力逐步增强，其外交政策已经转变为扩张主义，妄图建立世界霸权，形成美苏冷战对峙的两极格局。苏联解体后，美国力图建立一个以美国为主导的单极世界格局，在国际社会招致越来越多的不满，世界正朝多极化方向开展。,Text A Foreign,Policy,导 读,Definition,The foreign policy of the United States is the way in which it interacts with foreign nations and sets standards of interaction for its organizations,corporations and individual citizens.,Text A Foreign,Policy,Goals,to build and sustain a more democratic,secure,and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community.,the,Foreign Policy Agenda,of the U.S.Department of State,Text A Foreign,Policy,export controls,including nonproliferation of nuclear technology and nuclear hardware;measures to foster commercial intercourse with foreign nations and to safeguard American business abroad;international commodity agreements;international education;and protection of American citizens abroad and expatriation.,the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs,Text A Foreign,Policy,Powers of the President and Congress,Text A Foreign,Policy,Historical overview,The main trend regarding the history of U.S.foreign policy since the American Revolution is the shift from non-interventionism before and after World War I,to its growth as a world power and global hegemony during and since World War II and the end of the Cold War in the 20th century.,Text A Foreign,Policy,2021年，时任美国国务卿希拉里在美国?外交政策?杂志上撰文?美国的太平洋世纪?。她提出，未来的政治将取决于亚洲，今后十年美国外交方略最重要的使命之一将是把大幅增加的投入锁定于亚太地区。,Text B,Americas Pacific,Century,导 读,The future of politics will be decided in Asia,not Afghanistan or Iraq,and the United States will be right at the center of the action.,HILLARY,CLINTON,Text B,Americas Pacific,Century,Comprehension of the,text,Decide,whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F),.,1.Stretching,from the Indian subcontinent to the western shores of the Americas,the Asia-Pacific spans two oceans the Pacific and the Atlantic that are increasingly linked by shipping and strategy.,Text B,Americas Pacific,Century,2.With,Iraq and Afghanistan still in transition and serious domestic economic challenges,some American politicians seek a downsizing of their foreign engagement in favor of their pressing domestic priorities.,Text B,Americas Pacific,Century,3.Hillary,argues that an engaged America is also vital to Asias future just as Asia is critical to Americas future.,4.China,is regarded as the most prominent emerging partner of the United States.,5.According,to the text,the most potent asset of America is its military might and economic size.,Text B,Americas Pacific,Century,The Department of,State,The Department of State helps make,then executes and monitors American foreign policy throughout the world.Its head,the secretary of state,is the highest-ranking official in the cabinet.He is also the presidents most important foreign policy advisor.,Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy of the US,The Department of,Defense,The civilian head of the Defense Department,also called Pentagon,is the secretary of defense,a cabinet member who has authority over the military establishment.Below him are the civilian secretaries of the army,navy,and air force;below them are the military commanders of the individual branches of the armed forces.These military leaders made up the Joint Chiefs of Staff,who not only coordinate military policy,but also the primary military advisers to the president,the secretary of defense,and the National Security Council.,Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy of the US,The CIA and the Intelligence,Community,The director of central intelligence(DGI)is appointed by the president(with the confirmation of the Senate)and reports directly to the president.The DGI coordinates the activities of the Central Intelligence Agency(CIA)as well as the intelligence activities of the Department of Defense.,Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy of the US,The National Security,Council,The National Security Council(NSC)is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for a peaceful consideration of national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials and is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States.Since its inception under Harry S.Truman,the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies.The Council also serves as the presidents principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government,agencies.,Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy of the US,