Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Fat-Soluble Vitamins：脂溶性维生素,56、极端的法规，就是极端的不公。西塞罗,57、法律一旦成为人们的需要，人们就不再配享受自由了。毕达哥拉斯,58、法律规定的惩罚不是为了私人的利益，而是为了公共的利益；一部分靠有害的强制，一部分靠榜样的效力。格老秀斯,59、假如没有法律他们会更快乐的话，那么法律作为一件无用之物自己就会消灭。洛克,60、人民的幸福是至高无个的法。西塞罗,Fat-Soluble Vitamins：脂溶性维生素Fat-Soluble Vitamins：脂溶性维生素56、极端的法规，就是极端的不公。西塞罗,57、法律一旦成为人们的需要，人们就不再配享受自由了。毕达哥拉斯,58、法律规定的惩罚不是为了私人的利益，而是为了公共的利益；一部分靠有害的强制，一部分靠榜样的效力。格老秀斯,59、假如没有法律他们会更快乐的话，那么法律作为一件无用之物自己就会消灭。洛克,60、人民的幸福是至高无个的法。西塞罗Fat-Soluble VitaminsA,D,E,KFat-Soluble Vitaminsfound in fats and oils,require bile for absorption,enter the lymph,then the blood,held and stored in fatty tissues,daily requirements need not be met,may reach toxic levels,not readily excreted,Fat-Soluble Vitamins：脂溶性维生素56、,1,Fat-Soluble Vitamins,A,D,E,K,Fat-Soluble VitaminsA,D,E,K,2,Fat-Soluble Vitamins,found in fats and oils,require bile for absorption,enter the lymph,then the blood,held and stored in fatty tissues,daily requirements need not be met,may reach toxic levels,not readily excreted,Fat-Soluble Vitaminsfound in f,3,Vitamin A,3 forms in the body,retinol,retinal,retinoic acid,collectively known as retinoids,found in food derived from animals,Retinol,the alcohol form,Retinal,the aldehyde form,Retinoic acid,the acid form,Beta-carotene,a precursor,Cleavage at this point can,yield two molecules of vitamin A*,Vitamin A3 forms in the bodyRe,4,Vitamin A,precursor:beta-carotene,derived from plant foods,can split and form retinol in intestine and liver,Vitamin Aprecursor:beta-carot,5,Vitamin A,promote vision,small losses of retinal,requires continual replenishment,maintain epithelial tissue and skin,mucous membranes,support reproduction and growth,sperm development,fetal development,Vitamin Apromote vision,6,Vitamin A,deficiency,infectious disease,pneumonia,measles,diarrhea,keratinization,dry,rough,scaly skin,night blindness,Vitamin Adeficiency,7,Vitamin ADeficiency Symptom,Night Blindness,In dim light,you can make out the details in,this room.You are using your rods for vision,A flash of bright light momentarily blinds,you as the pigment in the rods is bleached.,With inadequate vitamin A,you do not recover,but remain blinded for many seconds.,You quickly recover and can see,the details again in a few seconds.,Vitamin ADeficiency SymptomIn,8,Vitamin A,toxicity,yellow skin:too much beta-carotene,excess stored under skin in fat,weaken bones,found in,colorful vegetables,liver,Vitamin Atoxicity,9,Vitamin A in Selected Foods,RDA,for,men,Micrograms RAE,Key:,Fruits,Milk and milk products,Legumes,nuts,seeds,Meats,Best sources per kcalorie,Breads and cereals,Vegetables,VITAMIN A,Dark green and deep orange vegetables(green),and fruits(purple)and fortified foods such as milk,contribute large quantities of vitamin A.Some foods,are rich enough in vitamin A to provide the RDA,and more in a single serving.,RDA,for,women,Food,Serving size(kcalories),Vitamin A in Selected FoodsRDA,10,Vitamin D,body can make,from sunlight,precursor made from cholesterol,not essential,production occurs in liver and kidney,diseases can affect activation,Vitamin Dbody can make,11,Vitamin D,target tissue,intestines,kidneys,bones,part of the bone-making/maintenance team,maintains blood concentrations of Ca&P,deficiencies,ultimately creates a calcium deficiency,Vitamin Dtarget tissue,12,Fat-Soluble-Vitamins：脂溶性维生素课件,13,Vitamin D,toxicity,most common in vitamin D,excess vitamin D=increase in blood calcium=stones or hardening of blood vessels,Vitamin Dtoxicity,14,Vitamin D,sources,fortified food:milk,margarine,cereals,beef,eggs,sun,10-15 minutes several times a week,dark pigmented skin needs more,3 hours=30 minutes,storage from the summer does not last the winter,Vitamin Dsources,15,Vitamin D Synthesis and Latitude,Vitamin D Synthesis and Latitu,16,Vitamin E,antioxidant,defender against free radicals,polyunsaturated fatty acids,may reduce the risk of heart disease,deficiencies,rare,erythrocyte hemolysis,preemies destruction of red blood cells,Vitamin Eantioxidant,17,Vitamin E,toxicity,rare,may interfere with blood-clotting mechanisms of vitamin K,widespread in food,easily destroyed by heat processing,Vitamin Etoxicity,18,Vitamin K,aids in blood clotting,deficiency causes hemorrhagic disease,toxicity,not common,sources,made by bacteria in GI tract,absorbed and stored in liver,of needs,Vitamin Kaids in blood clottin,19,liver is also high in vitamin K,liver is also high in vitamin,20,Vitamin A,D,E,K Recommendations,VITAMIN,RDA,UPPER LEVEL,A,700-900 ug,3,000 ug,D,5-15 ug,50 ug,E,15 mg,2000 mg,K,90-120 ug,none,Vitamin A,D,E,K Recommendat,21,谢谢你的阅读,知识就是财富,丰富你的人生,谢谢你的阅读知识就是财富,22,56,、书不仅是生活，而且是现在、过去和未来文化生活的源泉。,库法耶夫,57,、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一次也不善于度过。,吕凯特,58,、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来。,朱熹,59,、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处，只不过是愈来愈发觉自己的无知。,笛卡儿,60,、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地走到底，决不回头。,左,拉,56、书不仅是生活，而且