单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语语法,To do,不定式,英语语法,1.,作主语,简单句：,To study hard,is our duty.,句型,It is/was+,名词,+to do,It is/was+adj for/of sb to do sth,注意：,it,作形式主语，而真正的主语是,to do,不定式，用,for,时,adj,修饰事物，用,of,时,adj,修饰人的品德。,Eg,：,It is king of you,to have me to settle the problem.,2.,作宾语,（,1,）作动词的宾语：引导词有,hope,want,pretend,refuse,offer,learn,manage,intend,plan,help,agree,prefer,etc.,Eg:I manage to overcome the trouble.,(2),作介词的宾语：引导词有,but,except,结构,with+,名词,+to do,Eg:He did nothing but cry,.(but,前有,do,的形式之后不用,to do,形式，省略,to),结构还有,in order to,so as to,但是后者不用于句首。,3.,作宾补,引导词有,Intend,ask,want,wish,tell,force,advice,persuade,allow,permit,cause,get,order,beg,Eg:I advice you to start at once.,=I suggest you(your)starting at once.,Eg:I want my aunt to buy a book to me.,Eg:She permits me to go out.,4.,作表语,简单句,Eg:My job is to teach them English.,What,引导主语从句中含有,do,时要省略,to,不含有时不用省略。,Eg,：,What he wanted to do is help others.,Eg:What she wishes do is to help people who are in trouble.,5.,作状语,（,1,）目的状语,Eg:I come to study here.,To improve hie English,he bought some tapes.,(2),结果状语（出乎意料）,Eg:we arrived at school on time,only to be told it was Sunday.,We hurrived to reach the station,only to find the train had gone.,(3),原因状语,Eg:I am glad to teach you.,I am sorry to hear that you are ill.,6.,作定语,To do,不定式作定语时表示动作未进行。,Eg:I have an important meeting to attend.,Eg:He has no friends to turn to.,She is no house to live in.,Please give me a piece of paper to write on.,小小注意：,“,Do you have any clothes,to be washed,(wash),Master?”said the servent.,Wash,是,servent,的执行者，而不是,master,。,I will go to Beijing.Do you have anything,to be taken,(take),to your mother?,Take,的执行者是,I,而不是,you,。,I will go to shop,but do you have anything,to buy(buy)?,Buy,意为“买”，支付钱财的是,you,，不是,I,，用主动,to buy,表示被动含义。,7.,句型转换,(1)It is said that they have gone abroad.,They are said,to have gone,abroad.,(2)It is believed that they will give us some advice.,They are believed,to give,us some advice.,(3)It is reported that Miss Ye got another gold medal last night.,Miss Ye ies yeported,to have got,another gold medal last night.,(4)It is thought that LIly is studying in her study.,Lily is thought to be studying in her study.,(5)It is supposed that it often rains these days.,It is often supposed to rain these days.,小结：原句中为现在完成时或一般过去式时，改为,to have done,；原句中为一般现在时或一般将来时，改为,to do,不定式；原句中为一般进行时，改为,to be doing,。,练习,（,1,）,He is thought,to have invented,(invent)the bike.,原句为,It is thought that he invented the bike.,(2)Mike is said,to have studied,(study)abroad,but I do not know which coutry he syudied in.,谢谢欣赏,加油,谢谢欣赏,加油,