单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Medical Essay Writing,Lecture One:Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts(ICMJE)&Lexical and Grammatical Features of Medical Essay,Lecture Two:Medical Essays Title Writing,Lecture Three:Abstract Writing On Objective&Methods,Lecture Four:Abstract Writing On Results&Conclusion,Lecture Two:,Medical Essays Title Writing,Titles are to be written to be understood by those in your field,telling them exactly what you have done in your work.,It should be:,1,Short and,C,oncise,not containing an active verb;,not exceeding 25 words or 120-140 letters and spaces;,no abbreviations or chemical symbols except those that are generally accepted,e.g.DNA,RNA,AIDS,CT,etc.,肝移植治疗急性肝衰竭,Treatment of acute heptic failure by liver transplantation,Liver transplantation for acute heptic failure,主动脉炎的胸部X线表现及临床意义,Roentigenologic study of aortoarteritis:chest X-ray appearance and its clinical significance,Aortoarteritis:chest X-ray appearance and its clinical significance,386例健康男性骨密度与吸烟的关系,The relationship between smoking and bone mineral density in 386 healthy adult man,Smoking and bone mineral density in 386 healthy adult man,2,Eye-catching by h,ighlighting the head word,良性妇科疾病的,子宫切除术,Hysterectomy,for benign conditions,论卫生事业中的,知识技术,Knowledge-based Technology,in the Service of Health,3,accurate and informative,急性冠脉综合症患者单支或多支血管病变血管形成术：美国心脏病学会心血管数据库注册研究,Culprit-only or multivessel revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndromes:an American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Database Registry Report,鉴别力受损与颅内钙化甲状旁腺功能减退,Cognitive Impairment and Intracranial Calcification in Chronic Parathyroidism,4,easy for indexing,连续170例急诊室腹痛回忆性研究,Abdominal pain in the emergency room:Retrospective study of 170 consecutive cases,Title Format,Title:title/subtitle,正标题：标题的主题局部,副标题：正标题内容的补充和说明，正与副、主与从的关系,相对于国内期刊，国外期刊如：Science,Lancet,and Nature,使用副标题要普遍,The use of subtitle can be:,1,突出病例数,原发性肝癌的外科治疗：附5524例报告,Surgical treatment of primary liver cancer:report of 5524 cases,2,突出研究方法,经皮球囊血管成形术治疗儿童先天性主动脉缩窄：12年随访结果,Percutaneous ballon angioplasty of coarctation of the aorta in children:12-year follow-up results,3,突出重点内容,糖尿病中的细胞：从分子遗传到临床研究,The-cell in diabetes:from molecular genetics to clinical research,4,提出疑问,骨质减少与非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的相关成因是什么？,Osteopenia associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus:what are the causes?,标题的结构,标题的结构一般都用,:,1,短语型标题：,名词作主干的名词短语型，这类标题结构中作为主干词的名词一般带有动词意义,国内期刊多见,2,用完整句，以陈述句较多,，,国外期刊多见,3,偶尔也用疑问句。,短语型标题,1 名词+介词短语,治疗成年人突发性肝衰竭康复后呼吸窘迫综合症,Resolution of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome after Recovery from Fulminant Hepatic Failure,2 名词+分词短语,利用高分辨率高光谱成像进行正常皮肤与黑色素瘤的鉴别,Differentiation of normal skin and melanoma using high resolution hyperspectral imaging,分析使用单克隆抗生素的鼠肺癌外表蛋白,Analysis of Surface Protein of Mouse Lung Carcinoma Using Monolconal Antibiotics,3 名词+to do,检测女性冠状动脉疾病的目前诊断观念,Current diagnostic concepts,to detect coronary artery disease in women,4 名词+从句,V-sis 基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的证据,Evidence,that the V-sis gene product transforms by interaction with the receptor for platelet-derived growth factor,5 分词短语,列表诊断晕厥,Using a Title Table,to Evaluate Syncope,改善妇女产后尿失禁的随机对照试验,Promoting urinary continence,in women after delivery:randomised controlled trial,完整句,标题,1 主谓型陈述句，句末不用句号,良性乳腺疾病的女性面临更高的癌变风险,Women with benugn breast disease,face,higher cancer risk,中国人肺癌易患性与CYP2E1基因多型性相关,Susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese,is associated with,genetic polymorphism in CYP2E1,2 疑问句，省略式，句末问号不可省,主动脉瓣狭窄致心绞痛的原因为何？,Why angina pectoris,(is),in aortic stenosis?,低度恶性前列腺癌不需要积极治疗？,(Is),Aggrssive treatment of low grade prostate cancer unnecessary?,完整式,阿司匹林是否可能预防癌症和阿尔茨海默病？,Does,aspirin ward off cancer and Alzheimers?,标题的书写形式,1 首字母大写,2 每个词首字母都大写，虚词小写,幽门螺杆菌与功能性消化不良,Helicobacter Pylori and Functional Dyspepsia,3 全部大写,不多见,英文标题冠词省略,国内医学期刊论文题名常以冠词开头，国外医学期刊那么很少。以下不用冠词：,1 疾病前,最新进展：乳腺癌,Recent developments:breast cancer,2手术名称,三尖瓣置换术55例临床分析,Tricuspid valve replacement:clinical analysis of 55 cases,3专有名词前,克罗恩病的小肠成像检查：一个前瞻、盲法、四种方法对照的实验,Small-bowel imaging in,Crohns dosease,:a prospective,blinded,4-way comparison trial,4 普通名词前带有修饰词,老年人早期胃癌的外科治疗,Surgical treatment of elderly patients with,early gastric cancer,英文标题常用句式,1,表示诊断，治疗方式或药物治疗的标题结构,这类标题中的diagnosis,treatment,therapy,assay,detection,application 等作主干的名词都带有动词意义，后跟of,for,in,to,with 等引导的介词短语引出病名或接受诊治的部位及所使用的药物。例：,用阿司匹林辅助治疗春季结膜炎,Adjunctive Therapy with Aspirin in Vernal Conjunctivitis,眼内异物的根本处理方法,Basic Approach in the Management of Intraocular Foreign Bodies,酶联免疫吸附法诊断阿米巴,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),in the diagnosis of,amebiasis,CT成像在诊断基底节脑出血中的应用,Application of,computerized tomography,to the diagnosis of,cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia,无丙种球蛋白血症的免疫球蛋白检测,Detection of,immunoglobulin,in agammaglobulinemia,2,表示研究，分析，实验调查，观察，评估等的标题结构,study(analysis/trial/appraisal/observation/evaluation/assessment/survey/estimation/test)of(on)(by)using