单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,开采沉陷的预计课件,例,4-1,例4-1,例,4-1,例4-1,(,1,)确定预计开采的地质采矿条件,(,2,)确定预计参数:,S=0.1H=31m,;,r=H/tg,=141m,(,3,)预计最大移动变形值,w,0,=mqcos,=1078mm,i,0,=w,0,/r=7.65mm/m,k,0,=1.52w,0,/r,2,=,0.082mm/m,2,u,0,=bw,0,=388mm,0,=1.52bw,0,/r=4.18mm/m,(,4,)预计走向主断面移动变形,原点选在,s=31m,处。预计方法、步骤,表,4,6,。,(,5,)绘制移动变形曲线图。注意比例尺。,(1)确定预计开采的地质采矿条件,(,4-6,),(4-6),(,4-6,),(4-6),设开采工作面倾向为无限开采,走向为半无限开采,煤层开采深度,H=400m,;煤层倾角,0,;煤层开采厚度,m=4.0m,;下沉系数,q=0.75,;水平移动系数不,0.3,;开采主要影响角正切值,tan=2.0,;拐点偏移距,s,0,,求半无限开采走向主断面移动与变形值。,解:,(,1,)确定预计参数:,S=0.0H=0m,;,r=H/tan=400/2.0=200m,(,2,)预计最大移动变形值,w,0,=mqcos=3000mm,i,0,=w,0,/r=15.0mm/m,k,0,=,1.52w,0,/r2=0.114mm/m,2,u,0,=bw,0,=900mm,0,=1.52bw,0,/r=6.84mm/m,(,3,)计算半无限开采走向主断面移动与变形值,半无限开采走向主断面移动与变形计算值的计算过程见表,7-8,。,(,4,)绘图,根据预计结果,可以绘制各移动变形曲线(略),例题,2-,半无限,设开采工作面倾向为无限开采,走向为半无限开采,煤层开,表,7-8,半无限开采走向主断面移动与变形值计算过程表,计算,序号,计算方法,计算内容,(单位),计算结果,1,-1.0,-0.8,-0.6,-0.4,-0.20,0,+0.2,+0.4,+0.6,+0.8,+1.0,2,-200,-160,-120,-80,-40,0,+40,+80,+120,+160,+200,3,查表,7-7,0.0062,0.0225,0.0665,0.1581,0.3081,0.5000,0.6919,0.8419,0.9335,0.9774,0.9938,4,查表,7-7,0.0432,0.1339,0.3227,0.6049,0.8819,1.0000,0.8819,0.6049,0.3227,0.1339,0.0432,5,查表,7-7,0.1786,0.4428,0.8004,1.000,0.7291,0,-0.7291,-1.000,-0.8004,-0.4428,-0.1786,6,19,68,200,474,924,1500,2076,2526,2800,2932,2981,7,0.65,2.01,4.84,9.07,13.23,15.00,13.23,9.073,4.843,2.003,0.65,8,0.020,0.050,0.091,0.114,0.083,0.000,-0.083,-0.114,-0.091,-0.050,-0.020,9,38.88,120.51,290.43,544.41,793.71,900.00,793.71,544.41,290.43,120.51,38.88,10,1.157,2.869,5.186,6.480,4.724,0.000,-4.724,-6.480,-5.186,-2.869,-1.157,表7-8 半无限开采走向主断面移动与变形值计算过程,(三)补充例题,某煤矿一矩形工作面,近水平煤层,采用走向长壁全部垮落法采煤,倾向充分采动,工作面走向长,120m,,采厚,1.88m,,平均采深,200m,。已知地表移动变形预计参数为:,s=0.05H,、,q=0.80,、,tg,=2.0,、,b=0.25,。试用概率积分法预计,A,点沿走向的移动变形值。,30m A,120m,简解:,1,)建立坐标系统。如图。,S=0.05H=10m,,,所以,x,A,20m,,,2,)判别采动程度,r=H/tg,=100m,l,L-2s=,120-2,10=100m,2r,200m,,所以走向为非充分采动,3,)预计地表最大移动变形值,w,0,=mqcos,=1504mm,i,0,=w,0,/r=15.04mm/m,k,0,=1.52w,0,/r,2,=0.23mm/m,2,u,0,=bw,0,=376mm,0,=1.52bw,0,/r=5.7mm/m,简解:,4,)查表,x,A,/r,0.2,,,(x,A,-l)/r=-0.8,A(x,A,/r)=0.6919 A(x,A,-l)/r)=0.0225,A,(x,A,/r)=0.8819 A,(x,A,-l)/r)=0.1339,A,(x,A,/r)=-0.730 A,(x,A,-l)/r)=0.422,5,)计算,w=w,0,(A(x,A,/r)-A(x,A,-l)/r),1007mm,i=i,0,(,A,(x,A,/r),A,(x,A,-l)/r),),=11.2mm/m,k=k,0,(,A,(x,A,/r),A,(x,A,-l)/r),),=-0.26mm/m,2,u=u,0,(A,(x,A,/r),A,(x,A,-l)/r)=281mm,=,0,(,A,(x,A,/r),A,(x,A,-l)/r),),=-6.6mm/m,4)查表,算例:,某工作面煤层厚度,2.2m,,倾角,18,,采用走向长壁采煤法开采,全陷法管理顶板。工作面走向长,240m,,倾斜长,138.5m,,下边界采深,220m,,上边界采深,187m,。概率积分法预计参数为:下沉系数,0.65,,,tan,=2.0,拐点偏移距,0.15H,,水平移动系数,0.3,,开采影响传播系数,0.8,。试计算沿走向和倾斜主断面的下沉和水平变形值。,解:,1,、计算地表采动程度和充分采动时地表最大下沉值,(,1,)预测参数计算,下山主要影响半径:;,上山主要影响半径:;,走向方向主要影响半径:;,拐点偏移距:,;,开采影响传播角:;,算例:某工作面煤层厚度2.2m,倾角18,采用走向长壁采煤,沿走向方向计算开采宽度:;,沿倾斜方向计算开采宽:。,(,2,)采动系数计算,;,。,因沿走向和倾向的采动程度系数都小于,1.0,,所以该工作面属双向非充分采动。,(,3,)充分采动时地表最大下沉值:,0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8,2.0,0,0.198,0.383,0.547,0.684,0.789,0.867,0.920,0.955,0.976,0.988,表,7-9,采动程度系数计算表,沿走向方向计算开采宽度:;00.20.40.60.81.0,2,计算沿走向主断面的下沉和水平变形,(,1,)预计走向主断面移动变形时应用公式(,7-101,),但求得出的移动变形值应乘上倾向采动程度系数 ,计算走向主断面的下沉和水平变形计算公式如下:,查表计算可得沿走向主断面下沉和水平变形值如表,7-10,:,表,7-10,沿走向主断面下沉和水平变形计算值,0,-0.2,-0.4,-0.6,-0.8,-1.0,-1.2,458,0,282,3.0,145,4.1,61,3.3,21,1.8,6,0.7,1,0.2,2计算沿走向主断面的下沉和水平变形0-0.2-0.4-0.,3.,计算沿倾斜主断面的下沉和水平变形,(,1,)预计倾向主断面移动变形时应用公式(,7-102,),但求得出的移动变形值应乘上走向采动程度系数 ,计算倾向主断面的下沉和水平变形计算公式如下:,(,2,)查表计算可得沿倾斜主断面下沉与倾斜及水平变形值如表,7-11,:,3.计算沿倾斜主断面的下沉和水平变形,表,7-11,沿倾斜主断面下沉与倾斜及水平变形计算值,0,-0.2,-0.4,-0.6,-0.8,-1.0,-1.2,661,12.0,14.1,0,0,407,10.6,12.4,4.0,4.7,209,7.3,8.5,5.5,6.4,88,3.9,4.6,4.4,5.1,30,1.6,1.9,2.4,2.8,8,0.5,0.6,1.0,1.1,2,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.3,0-0.2-0.4-0.6-0.8-1.0-1.266,例题,4-2:,开采下图,KLMN,区域,采厚,1.45m,,倾角,12,,倾向斜长,D1=200m,,走向长,D3,300m,,下边界采深,H1=321.9m,,上边界采深,H2,279.3m,,覆岩中硬,全部垮落法管理顶板。,预计参数如下:,q=0.76,,,s=0.1H,,开采影响传播角,90,-0.7,,下山边界参数,tg,=2.2,,,b1,0.36,;,上山边界参数,tg,=2.0,,,b2,0.30,;走向参数,tg,=2.2,,,b1,0.36,。,要求预计沿倾向主断面上的移动变形值。,例题4-2:开采下图KLMN区域,采厚1.4,1,例题,4-2,1例题4-2,1,例题,4-2,1例题4-2,1,例题,4-2,1例题4-2,1,1,1,1,某一矩形工作面(水平煤层),采用走向长壁全部垮落法采煤,工作面走向长,140m,,倾向长,120m,,采厚,2.0m,,平均采深,100m,。已知地表移动变形预计参数为:,s=0.1H,、,q=0.9,、,tg,=2.0,、,b=0.3,。试用概率积分法预计位于,A,点下沉及沿走向逆时针转,45,0,方向的倾斜和水平移动。,(,距边界右,50m,,距上边界,40m),(七)补充例题,某一矩形工作面(水平煤层),采用走向长壁全部垮落法采煤,简解:,1,)坐标原点在采空区中心建立坐标系统。图略。,2,)确定,A,点坐标及预计方向,A,点坐标为:,A,(,20,,,20,);预计方向为,45,0,。,3,)计算参数及最大值,S=0.1H=10m,r=H/tg,=50m,w,0,=mqcos,=1800mm,i,0,=w,0,/r=36mm/m,u,0,=bw,0,=540mm,4),计算主断面上的移动变形,(,1,)走向主断面,简解:,计算长度:,l=140-2s=120m,x=80m,x/r=1.6,x-l=-40m,(x-l)/r=-0.8,查表:,A(x/r)=1 A(x-l)/r)=0.0225,A,(x/r)=0 A,(x-l)/r)=0.1339,W,0,(x)=1800,(,1-0.0225,),1760mm,i,0,(x)=36,(,0-0.1339,),-4.8mm/m,U,0,(x)=540,(,0-0.1339,),-72mm,(,2,)倾向主断面,计算长度:,L=120-2s=100m,计算长度:l=140-2s=120m,y=70m,y/r=1.4,y-L=-30m,(y-L)/r=-0.6,查表:,A(y/r)=0.9998 A(y-L)/r)=0.0665,A,(y/r)=0.0021 A,(y-L)/r)=0.3227,W,0,(y)=1800,(,0.9998-0.0665,),1680mm,i,0,(y)=36,(,0.0021-0.3227,),-11.5mm/m,U,0,(y)=540,(,0.0021-0.3227,),-173.1mm,y=70m,y/r=1.4,5),计算,A,点下沉及沿,45,0,方向倾斜、水平移动,W,A,(20,20)=W,0,(x)W,0,(y)/w,0,=1760,1680/1800=1642mm,i,A,(20,20,45,0,)=1/w,0,i,0,(x)W,0,(y)cos45,0,+W,0,(x)i,0,(y)