写作 发挥联想和想象,目标导航,进一步了解联想和想象，深入体会联想和想象对于写作的作用。,学习发散思维的方法，拓展自己的思维，多角度、多方位立意。,在写作中主动运用联想和想象，使文章内容更丰富，表达更生动。,文题展示,一、故事接龙。同学们分组围坐，由第一个同学写一句话作为故事的开头，比如：,“,那一天，发生了一件奇怪的事。,”,其他同学依次写下去。一圈写不完，可以接着再写，直到写出一个完整的故事。写完后可由一个同学朗读故事，同组的其他同学提出修改建议。最后推选出一个同学，让他根据大家的建议修改故事并定稿。,二、发挥联想和想象，为本单元课文,皇帝的新装,续写一个故事。不少于,500,字。,三、你有没有憧憬过未来的生活？你觉得，十年以后的你是什么样子的呢？在做什么？又有着怎样的精神面貌呢？请以,十年后的我,为题，发挥想象，写一篇作文。不少于,500,字。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,写作要求,文题一：注意故事情节的连贯性、传承性，允许发挥联想和想象，但要符合一定的内在逻辑。,文题二：续写时要使人物的言行和性格与之前的表现相符，故事发展和情节设计要合情合理、令人信服。,文题三：可以大胆想象，但要符合你性格发展的逻辑，要在某些具体情境中展开叙述，尽力增加真实感。,技法点拨,联想和想象是人类特有的思维活动。联想是由一事物想到与之相关的另一事物，而想象则是在头脑中创造出未曾有过的新的形象。联想是思维大厦的基础，而想象是在联想基础上的升华，二者在概念上有区别，但在实际写作中往往又交织在一起。,如郭沫若,天上的街市,，诗人把彼此相似或者相关的事物连在一起，做了许多美丽的联想：,“,远远的街灯,”,“,天上的明星,”,“,天上的街灯,”,“,美丽的街市,”,。诗人接着又发挥想象，描绘牛郎织女骑着牛儿，提着灯笼，涉过天河，自由逛街的画面。丰富的联想和想象，使诗歌散发出奇幻的光辉。,写作时善于运用联想和想象，就好比长了,“,千里眼,”,和,“,顺风耳,”,，可以思接千载，视通万里，有助于打开思路，激发灵感，写出内容丰富、形象生动的文章。初学写作，可以多试试,“,触景生情,”“,睹物思人,”,等写法，这样能开启联想与想象的大门。但要注意以下几点：,1.,联想要自然恰切。,联想到的事物与其触发点之间要有一定的关联。,比如,荷叶,母亲,中，作者由荷叶对红莲的庇护，联想到母亲对孩子的爱，这是基于相似性做出的合理联想；如果联想到环境保护，联想到助人为乐，就显得牵强附会了。,2.,想象要合情合理。,想象所展示的未必是现实生活中有的，但一定要合乎生活的逻辑。,如文题三,“,十年后的我,”,，现在的你是七年级学生，十二三岁，十年后你就是二十二三岁，算一算，应该是上大学了。这是联想的基础。如果想象十年以后自己成为了不起的科学家、成为飞上月球的宇航员，就是脱离实际的胡思乱想了。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.,联想和想象要有新意。,我们可以借助丰富的联想和想象，突破惯性思维，打破现实的时间和空间，创造性地编写新故事，描写新环境，塑造新人物。,比如诗人刘大白,秋江的晚上,一诗，写夕阳在江上坠落，是驮着斜阳归巢的倦鸟，,“,双翅一翻，把斜阳掉在江上,”,；而,“,头白的芦苇,”,，为夕阳的余晖所染，,“,也妆成一瞬的红颜了,”,。这些想象就很新颖，让人留下深刻的印象。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,4.,突出细节，准确描述。,要写好想象作文，不但要运用富有情感和思想内容的细节描写，还要有准确的语言表达。,否则就只能停留在表面的直观水平，难以产生震撼人心的艺术效果。如,女娲造人,一文中，作者想象女娲造人的原因，就描写了她对着池水照见自己面容和身影的细节，使女娲的形象更鲜明，故事更生动。,想象力是人类创造性思维的重要源泉。仔细观察，勤于思考，积极探索，对世界始终保持旺盛的好奇心，有助于激发自己的想象力。,范文引路,心灵的地震,魏一飞：那一天，发生了一件奇怪的事,刘芸：清早，年级组长在刘老师的办公桌上发现一张小纸条，上面写着：,“,刘老师，你要小心一点！,”,竟然有学生威胁老师，谁这么胆大包天？,文题一例文：,设置悬念：提出问题，突出,“,奇怪,”,，照应上文。,李力：年级组长眉头紧锁着，刘老师是有着二十几年班主任经验的名师，今年还被评为,“,省优秀德育工作者,”,，她怎么可能被学生威胁呢？,宋宇译：年级组长把那张纸条收起来，没有让刘老师看到，然后交给了校长。,再次提出问题，使故事更加奇怪。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,王思源：校长接过那张纸条，大为震惊：这怎么可能呢？刘老师可是自己亲手培养起来的德育典范，怎么会发生这种事情？校长想了想，还是把刘老师叫到了办公室。,周小蕾：刘老师接过纸条，热血直往头上涌,怎么会这样？没有理由的！几十年来，自己一直把学,巧妙续写：,“,解铃还须系铃人,”,，找到刘老师有利于揭开谜团。这一情节续得巧妙。,生当作自己的孩子，一心扑在工作上,可这张写着警告的纸条却又刺眼地摆在眼前。,陈金波：刘老师定了定神，把那张纸条又看了一遍：这是一张普通的作文稿纸，没有什么特别之处。但是，细心的刘老师还是通过字迹认出来了，一定是小强写的！,小强是什么人呢？考验下面同学的续写能力。,王乐乐：刘老师把小强叫到了办公室。小强在办公室所有老师的注视中，瑟瑟缩缩地走到了刘老师身边，脸涨得通红。,张丹丹：其实，在班级里，小强是一个很普通的学生，平时也没有什么违规违纪的行为。刘老师强压住心头的怒火，平静地问：,“,你为什么要写这张纸条？,”,神态描写：描写了小强窘迫、紧张的心理。,揭开一个谜团，又提出新的问题，十分巧妙。,胡志明：,“,昨天您和我谈话时，我听您说话时嗓子沙哑，又看到您不断咳嗽，天气预报说，这几天会有冷空气入侵，我想提醒您注意，不要感冒了,”,小强嗫嚅着，眼神惶恐不安。,魏一飞：满办公室的人都愣住了。刘老师的眼睛也变得红红的，自己一直把目光投向那些成绩好、表现好的同学，把精力和心血都花在那些成绩差、,解开悬念：点明原因，真相大白。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状