Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,Advance with English,牛津高中英语,M5U1 Grammar,To-infinitive,Advance with English牛津高中英语M5U1,What can we learn about friendship,from Annies letters?,1.,To talk,to a friend openly and sincerely,when something unpleasant happens is,very important if we are,to keep,the,friendship.,2.We should always remind ourselves,to,trust,our friends whatever happens.,subject,predicative,object complement,What can we learn about friend,Study the two letters on Page 5,trying to find out more To-infinitives,in the letters and tell their functions,in the sentences.,Study the two letters on P,You have every right,to feel,betrayed,(attribute),(2)she wanted,to embarrass,you in public,(object),(3)It seems you need,to apologize,quickly,to avoid,losing a good friend!,(4),one of you has,to be,the first,to admit,(object)(attribute),(object),(adverbial),You have every right to feel,动词不定式由“,to+,动词原形”构成，其否定形式是,not to do,。动词不定式可以单独使用或用作动词,不定式短语的一个部分。不定式在句中可做主语、,宾语、状语、表语,、,宾语补足语和定语等，但不能,单独作谓语。,The functions of To-infinitive,动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式,1.,作主语,To read English every day is necessary.,（不定式,to read English every day,做主语）,动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用,it,做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。例如：,It is necessary to read English every day.,It is a good idea to go for a picnic today.,1.作主语To read English every da,2.,作宾语,I want to see a film.,（不定式,to see a film,做宾语）,不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用,it,做形式宾语。例如：,He finds it difficult to learn Chinese.,We think it important to master a foreign language.,3.,作宾语补足语,Joe invited me to give a speech on Chinese history.,（不定式,to give a speech on Chinese history,做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语,me,）,2.作宾语 I want to see a film.,2),试比较：,Do you have anything to wash?,你有什么要洗吗？,（不定式,to wash,的动作执行者是,you,）,Do you have anything to be washed?,你有什么要（别人）洗吗？,（不定式,to wash,的动作执行者是别人，而不是,you,）,I have a letter to post.,(,不定式,to post,做定语，修饰名词,letter),1),做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：,She had only a small room to live,in,.,I need a pen to write,with,.,4.,作定语,2)试比较：I have a letter to post,6.,作状语,表示目的,。例如：,They worked hard day and night to pay back the debt.,表示结果,。例如：,I hurried to the airport only to find the plane had taken off.,表示原因,。例如：,She felt disappointed to hear the news that she hadn,t been promoted.,5.,作表语,Joes wish is to become a lawyer.,(,不定式,to become a lawyer,在连系动词,is,后做表语,),6.作状语5.作表语Joes wish is to b,More example sentences,Thanks to my friends,my life seem,to be getting,easier and more interesting.,Matthew may pretend,to be making,friends,with Peter.,Personally,I feel happy,to have made,some good friends.,He is said,to have recovered,friendship,with Tom.,More example sentences Thanks,不定式还有进行形式,(to be doing),和完成形式,(to have done),They seem to be reading in the library.,(,动词不定式,to be reading,表示动作,read,正在发生,),Im sorry to have said that.,（动词不定式,to have said that,表示动作,say,发生在过去，,并且已完成,),Different forms of To-infinitive,不定式还有进行形式(to be doing)Differen,So we should trust each other to make,our friendship,last,long.,bare infinitive,So we should trust each other,A competition,Try using To-infinitive to talk about,what you have learned about friends,and friendship.,A competition Try using To,Brainstorming:,Can you think of other words or phrases after which the bare infinitive is used?,Brainstorming:,(1),在,feel,hear,listen to,等感官动词后，或在,let,make,have,等使役动词后的宾语补足语中，不定式不带,to,。但是这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带,to,。例如：,I often hear him,sing,the song.,She made me promise,to write,every day.,He is often heard,to sing,the song.,I was made to promise,to write,every day.,Bare infinitive,(1)在feel,hear,listen to 等感官动,(2)would rather,had better,和,why not,后面，不定式不 带,to,。例如：,I would rather,stay,at home.,Why not come in?,(2)would rather,had better和wh,(3),当两个动词不定式由,and,or,than,rather than,as,或,like,相连接时，通常第二个不定式要省略,to,。例如：,Do you want to go skating or see a film?,I decided to write rather than phone.,(4),不定式在介词,but,except,后时，若介词前有行为动词,do,的各种形式，介词后的不定式不带,to,。例如,：,He did nothing but,point,to the door.,(3)当两个动词不定式由and,or,than,rat,Finish the,Thank-you,letter from,Sarah to Annie by filling in the blanks.,Keys:,(1)to thank (2)to see (3)to think,(4)trust (5)lose (6)apologize,(7)to talk (8)keep (9)to go,(10)not to hate (11)to forgive,(12)be (13)to be getting,(14)to have (15)to have got (16)get,Finish the Thank-you letter fr,Homework,Recite all the example sentences.,HomeworkRecite all the exampl,