单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,动词都有什么形式？,do,does,did,doing,to do,done,不做能谓语动词的形式：,Doing,To do,done,非谓语动词,一,.,非谓语动词的概念,:,动词在句中不充当谓语,.,二,.,非谓语动词的分类,:,不定式,动名词,分词,I.Doing,形式：,动名词,:,名词性质,即动词后加,ing,就使之变成了一个名词来用,;,现在分词,:,仍为动词性质,或有时可充当形容词来用,.,一,.,作主语,:(,动名词,),Teaching,is my job.,Learning,a foreign language is important for you.,二,.,作宾语,:(,动名词,),1.,只能加动名词作宾语的动词,:,give up,miss,mind,enjoy,practice,keep,finish,feel like,favor,fancy,，,worth,consider,look forward to,have fun,哥哥妹妹期盼,e,起在,WC,开心的,PK F4,2.,既可加,doing,又可加,to do,作宾语的动词,:,A.continue,begin,start,无区别,B.like,dislike,love,hate,+doing,长期爱好或习惯,+to do,暂时想法,C.go on,stop,+doing,继续,/,停止做一件事,+to do,继续,/,停止做另一件事,forget,remember,+doing,忘记,/,记得做过的事,+to do,忘记,/,记得要去做某事,E.try/can,t help,try doing,尝试做某事,try to do,尽力地做某事,can,t help doing,情不自禁做某事,can,t help to do,不能帮助做某事,3.,作介词的宾语,:,dream of,keep sb.from,be good at (do well in),give up,spend st./sm.(in),be busy,be successful in,be interested in,三,.,作表语,:(,动名词,&,现在分词,),试分析两句话中的,doing,形式,哪个是动名词,哪个是现在分词,?,His hobby is,painting,.,The news is,exciting.,只有动名词,(,名词性质,),可以作主语,而仍是动词性质的现在分词则不能,所以调换主语和表语位置便知,.,Painting,is his hobby.(,正确句子,),Exciting,is the news.(,不成句,),所以,painting,是动名词,而是,exciting,现在分词,.,四,.,作定语,:(,动名词,&,现在分词,),动名词作定语,表示中心词的用途,:,a,dining,hall,a,waiting,room,a,swimming,pool,a,sleeping,car,现在分词作定语,1.,表示正在进行某主动动作的,:,the,rising,sun,the man,riding,a horse,the singer,standing,on the stage,2.,表示,“,令人,的,”,an interesting book,a frightening tiger,分辨动名词和现在分词,sleeping pills,flying birds,falling leaves,washing machine,sleeping beauty,sleeping bag,五,.,作状语,:(,现在分词,),作伴随状语,:,(,伴随着的动作为主动,),I ran out of the house,crying,Sally was lying on the bed,thinking,.,高中考查点,六,.,作宾补,:(,现在分词,),1.,感官动词,+sb.+doing,See,look at,watch,notice,observe,Hear,listen to,find,feel,(,五看两听两,f),2.have/keep/leave/get+sb.+doing,使某人一直做某事,动名词的固定用法,（）,go+doing,go hunting,go fishing,2.Be worth doing,值得做,.,The film,“,Kungfu,”,is,worth seeing.,3.Its no use doing sth.,It,s no use crying.,II,.,to do,一、不定式,结构,:,肯定,:to do,否定,:not to do,一般式,:to do (,被动,:to be done),进行式,:to be doing,完成式,:to have done,(,被动,:to have been done),二,.,不定式作用,:,1.,起名词作用,:,主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,2.,起形容词作用,:,定语,3.,副词作用,:,状语,1.,*,主,.,表,To see,is,to believe,.,To say,is one thing,to do,is quite another.,(,常用,it,作形式主语,),It is important,to learn,it.,*,不定式做宾语用在及物动词之后,want,wish,hope,agree,promise,demand,ask,refuse,manage,learn,decide,pretend,choose.,巧记,:,三个希望一承诺，拒绝要求再提问，设法学会表同意，决定假装做选择,.,选择,He agrees to show.,作定语,:(,常后置,),I have no wish to quarrel with you.,I have nothing to worry,about,.,注意,:,如不定式中动词是不及物的,后面介词不能丢,.,高中考点,Please give me a chair to sit on.,I want a pen to write _.,with,*,宾补,She advised him,to do,so.,*,做宾补 不带,to,的不定式*,表示感官的动词如,:,see,hear,watch,feel,notice,某些使役动词,let,make,have,注,:,变被动要还原“,to”,It made me,feel,thirsty.I was made to feel thirsty.,必须使用,不带,to,的动词不定式,had better,do,.,最好还是做,would rather,do,宁愿做,rather than,do,而不是做,would you please,do,请您做,*,复合宾语中结构要认清*,Bush found,it,difficult,to kill Bin Laden,to do,经常作真正宾语出现,Everyone is the person,to believe in,.,2.,不定式当形容词用：,形容词,修饰名词时，位于名词,之前,，,但,不定式,作形容词时放在所修饰的名词,之后,（又称,后置定语,）,3,不定式当副词用,(,),不定式在句中表示目的原因结果等,I am sorry,to hear that,.,car accident,(2).,tooto,：太,以至于不能,世界上最小的房子,The house is,too,small,to,live in.,(3),so as+to do “,目的状语”,so+,形容词,(,副词,)+as+to do “,结果状语”,He shows himself,so as to,beg money.,They are so tired as to lie on the ground.,其他用法,:,不定式与疑问代词,疑问副词连用,I don,t know which to choose.,How to,When to,What to,Why to,Where to.,Which to,We tried,to,but failed.,不定式的省略,:,在上下文连接比较紧密的时候,为了避免重复,将相同的部分省略,但,to,不要省略,不定式有标记,to,与动原连一起,没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备,.,主宾定状表补语,唯独做谓不可以,.,Not,加上不定式,否定结构要牢记,.,疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义,.,仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据,.,III.done,形式,一,.,作表语,:,表示所处的状态,excited,interested,surprised,pleased,worried,married,感到,的,二,.,作定语,:,1.,表示已经完成的某被动动作的,:,the,rising,sun,the,risen,sun,2.,感到,的,:,a,frightening,girl,a,frightened,girl,三,.,作状语,:,常作伴随状语,:,(,伴随着的动作为被动,),The teacher stood there,surrounded,by the students.,Sanmao sat in the corner,laughed at,by other boys.,高中考查点,四,.,作宾补,:,表示宾语,“,已经被,”,1.like,want,wish,，,have,等表示,“,希望,要求,”,的动词,:,The teacher doesn,t want such questions,discussed,in class.,I don,t want the child,taken,out in such weather.,2.,三看一听两,f,see,watch,notice,，,hear,feel,find,I found all the rooms,broken,into.,He felt his face,lost,before his friends.,3.have,keep,make,let,leave,等词,.,Keep your mouth,shut,and your eyes open,I,ll have my hair,cut,next week.,