,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,上一页,现在完成时,下一页,主菜单,上一页现在完成时下一页主菜单,现在完成时,主菜单,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的构成,现在完成时的主要用法,现在完成时的时间状语,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,have been,与,have gone,比较,与一般过去时的用法比较,现在完成时 主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主,现在完成时的构成,主菜单,上一页,下一页,have(has,）,+,过去分词,现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页,present(now),future,past,现在完成时,(present perfect tense),do my homework,present(now)futurepast 现在完成时do,Mother:John,clean your teeth please.,John:Mum,I,have,already,(,已经,)cleaned,them.,Mother:John,clean your teeth,现在完成时的基本句型：,肯定句：,主语,+,助动词,have/has,+,动词的过去分词,.,疑问句：,助动词,Have/Has,+,主语,+,动词的过去分词,?,否定句,:,主语,+,助动词,have/has+not,+,动词的过去分词,.,现在完成时的基本句型：,例句：,1.,Has,he gone to the library?,他是去了图书馆吗？,Yes,he has.,是的，是去那里了。,No,he hasnt.,不，他没去那里。,2.How long,has,Mrs Smith,been,in Beijing,？,Smith,夫人来北京多长时间了？,例句：1.Has he gone to the libr,现在完成时的主要用法,1.,表示过去发生的某一动作,对现在造成的影响或结果,;,和副词,already,yet,never,ever,before,just,等连用。,.,现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作,a,）,already,往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气；,yet,用于否定句和疑问句。,He has already left here.,他已经离开这里了。,Has he already left here?,他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）,My teachers havent had breakfast yet.,我的老师们还没有吃早饭。,Have you written to your parents yet?,你已经给你父母写过信了吗？,a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或,b).,yet,在现在完成时中的用法,否定句,:,句末“,还,(,没,),”,疑问句,:,句末,“,己经,”,Eg.I havent had breakfast,yet,.,Have you had breakfast,yet,?,b).yet在现在完成时中的用法 否定句:句末“还(没),c,）,never,是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而,ever,表示“曾经”,We have never been to the Great Wall.,我们从来没有去过长城。,Have you ever been to Canada?,你们曾经去过加拿大吗？,c）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表,d,）,just,表示“刚刚”,（用于完成时态时，与,already,，,never,等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词,have/has,和动词过去分词之间）,He has just come back.,他刚刚回来。,They have just finished the work.,他们刚刚完成那项工作。,d）just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already,上一页,下一页,I have learnt English for more than,ten years.,我已经学了,10,多年的英语。,(,从,10,年前开始,持续到现在还在学,),She has swum since half an hour ago.,我已经游泳了半个小时,(,半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游,),现在完成时的主要用法,主菜单,2.,表示,过去,已经开始,持续到,现在的动作或状态,.,常与,since+,过去的时间点，,for+,一段时间，,so far,等时间状语连用。,上一页下一页I have learnt English fo,a).,for,+,Eg.I have been here,for,5 weeks.,Hes studied English,for,3 years.,一段时间,a).for+Eg.I have been here f,b).,since,+,从句,(,一般过去时,),单词,词组,(,表示过去某一时间的,),时间点,Eg.I have been here,since 2000.,I have been here,since 5 years ago,.,I have been here,since I graduated in 2000,.,b).since+从句(一般过去时)单词 词组(表示,since:(,自,以来,),1)since+,时间点,Hehasstayedhere,since5oclock,.,2)since+,时间段,+ago,Hehasstayedhere,since5hoursago,.,3)since+,从句,ShehastaughtEnglish,sincehecamehere.,for,:(,长达）,for+,时间段,He has kept the book,for 2 weeks,.,现在完成时,since,for,的用法总结,:,Take notes,since:(自以来)现在完成时since,for,注,1),:since,也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”,;,另外,since,前也可加上,ever,以加强语气,.,Eg.I have been here(ever)since.,I have been here(ever)since I graduated in 2000.,注1):since 也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”;,注,2),:,对,for,或,since,引导的时间状语提问 必须用,how long,决不能用,when.,Eg.I have lived here,for 10 years,.,How long,have you lived here?,She has stood here,since 2 hour ago,.,How long,has she stood here?,注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用ho,短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换,短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换,短暂性,动词与时间段的关系,短暂性动词在,肯定句、疑问句,中,不能与时间段连用,，这些动词是：,become,begin,buy,borrow,come(go,arrive),die,finish,join,leave,等。,上一页,下一页,为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的,延续性动词,来代替短暂性动词。,主菜单,短暂性动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不,leave-,come/go(to)-,arrive(at/in)-,get(to)-,reach-,buy-,borrow-,finish-,join-,start/begin-,die-,close-,open-,return-,marry-,become-,be away(from),be(in/at),be(in/at),be(in/at),be(in/at),have,keep,be over,be in,/,be a/an,be on,be dead,be closed,be open,be back,be married,be,leave-join-be away(from)b,但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。,如：,I havent bought the bike for a year.,我买这辆自行车还不到一年。,She hasnt come here for an hour.,她来这儿还没有一个小时。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。上一页下一页主,翻 译 练 习：,1.,我买了这块手表五年了。,2.,这位老人已经死了十年了。,I,have bought,this watch for five years.,I,have had,this watch,for,five years/,since,5 years,ago.,The old man,has died,for ten years.,The old man,has been dead,for ten,years/since 10,years ago.,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,翻 译 练 习：I have bought,3.,他已经回来三天了。,4.,自从六点钟他就来这儿了。,5.,我离开家乡已十年了。,He,has come back,for 3 days.,He,has been back,for,3 days/,since,3,days,ago,.,He,has come here,since 6 oclock.,He,has been here,since 6 oclock.,I,have left,hometown for 10 years.,I,have been away from,hometown for 10,years.,W,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,3.他已经回来三天了。He has come,考点,1,：,have been,与,have gone,的用法比较,have been to,意思是“到过，去过”，表示,曾经到过某处,，但现在人不在那儿。,have gone to,意思是“去了”，表示,已经去了,某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。,have been in,意思是“,呆在某处一段时间了”,上一页,下一页,主菜单,考点1：have been 与have gone 的用法比较,Has she ever been to Nanjing?,她曾去过南京吗？,You have never been there,have you?,你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？,I have been to Guiling,I went there,last year.,我去过桂林，我去年去的。,She has gone to Nanjing.,她已经去南京了。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,Has she ever been to Nanji,考点,2,：,It is+,一段时间,+since,从句,(,一般过去时,),=,一段时间,+has passed,+since,从句,(,一般过去时,),Eg.It is five years since I joined the army.,=Five years has passed since I joined the army.,考点2：It is+一段时间Eg.It is five,考点,3,：,与一般过去时的用法比较,A.,现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过