,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,XX上半年七年级地理教学计划汇报,以下是关于的文章!,一、情况分析,本学期,本人承担七年级的地理教学任务,每周每班由原计划三个课时减为二个课时,课时相对教材内容有些不足。所使用的教材是在国家基础教育课程改革纲要精神和全日制义务教育地理课程标准的基本理念指导下编写的人教版地理新教材。新课标,新教材,新环境,高要求给本人教育教学工作带来新的挑战。新东能力有更大的提高。同时,通过,为,传授与学生生活密切联系的地理知识搜集整理,传达地理思想,培养学生学习地理的兴趣和初步能力,最终使学生从“学会地理”,走向“会学地理”。,二、具体工作,1、抓好常规地理课堂教学。认真备好每一节课,努力讲好每一节课;保障每节一练,做到全批全改。,2、认真学习新课标理论,领会新课标精髓,用科学的理论指导教学实践。,3、充分利用网络资源,切实做好地课备课资料的收集,整理工作,为地理课件的制作准备充分的素材。,4、积极参加计算机培训并不断自学,提高课件的制作水平,争创优秀课件。,5、申请购置教学必备的地理教具,软件。做好器材的登记,使用,保管工作。,6、积极参加教研教改活动,在教研处,教务处的指导下,努力使教育教,XX上半年七年级地理教学计划汇报,英语各种从句的用法,英语各种从句的用法,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,状语从句,从句,定语从句,表语从句同位语从句主语从句宾语从句状语从句从句定语从句,定义：在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句,1.由从属连词that，whether，if,引导；,That,the plates,are moving is beyond dispute.,Whether,he will come or not,is still a question.,2.由连接代词who,that引导;,What we lack,is experience.,Who will go to the energy conference,is not important.,Subject Clause(,主语从句),定义：在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句Subject Claus,3.由连接副词when,how,where,why引导;,How he manages to finish the job,is of interest to us.,Why he failed the english exam,wasnt clear.,注意：that在从句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。,4.当主语过长时，为了符合英语语言的习惯和避免出现头重脚轻的现象常用it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末；,It,is known to all that light travels in straight lines.,3.由连接副词when,how,where,why引导;,It,was a great achievement to complete a 24-story building in 10 months.,固定用法和译法:,(1)It is+名词+从句,It is a fact that 事实是,It is good news that 是好消息,It is a question that 是个问题,It is common knowledge that 是常识,类似的名词还有：a pity,a wonder,surprise,no wonder等.,It was a great achievement to,(2)It is+形容词+从句,It is+形容词+从句,It is necessary that 有必要,It is clear that 很清楚,It is likely that 很可能,It is important that 重要的是,类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.,注意:,在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，如strange，natural,(2)It is+形容词+从句注意:在主语从句中用来表,(3)It is+过去分词+从句,It is said that 据说,It is reported that 据报道,It has been proved that 已证明,It must be proved that 必须指出,类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;,required,;decided;,suggested,;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.,(4)It+不及物动词+从句,It seems that 好像是 It happened that 碰巧,(3)It is+过去分词+从句,It follows that 由此可见,It has turned out that 结果是,类似的不及物动词还有：seem,appear,occur,follow,happen,turn out,etc.,(,由it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较,：,it作形式主语的结构It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句；而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句,判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。）,It follows that 由此可见,It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _attracted the audiences interest.,A.so that B.that C.what D.in which,解析：what做连接词的时候永远等于“the thing(s)that”，it作形式主语是只能代名词性结构，代不了“名词+定语从句”的结构。,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。,Where and when he was born,has,not been found.,When the person was murdered and why he was murdered,are,still unknown.,B,It was how the young man had l,定义：指在复合句中做主句表语的从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主句的内容具体化。,The problem,is,when we can get a pay rise.,结构：主语 +连系动词(be,seem,look)+句子作表语,(1)从属连词that，whether,as,as if 等；,The trouble is,that,I have lost his address.,The question is,whether,they will be able to help us.,注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句,All this was over twenty years ago,but its,as if,it was only yesterday.,Predicative Clause(,表语从句),定义：指在复合句中做主句表语的从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容,(2)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why.,The question is,how,he did it.,That was,what,she did this morning on reaching the attic.,(3),A is,to B,what C is,to D.目的在于突出A对于B的重要,Water is to fish what air is to man.,What she wants to know is,which,dress she should buy.,(此处which和what的句子成分是一样的),(2)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,重点疑难,1“That is because/why.”意为“这就是为什么/因为,因此。两者之间的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由，“That is why.”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果,He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.（前面结果，后面原因）,He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.（前面原因，后面结果）,2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略;,My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.,重点疑难,定义：指在复合句中做及物动词的宾语的从句，也可以做介词和某些形容词的宾语。宾语从句一般用于及物动词之后，或用于介词之后。,1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句；,由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。,He has told me,that,he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.,注意:,在demand,order,suggest,advise,decide,insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“should+动词原形”。,I insist that she(should),do,her work alone.,Object Clause,(宾语从句),定义：指在复合句中做及物动词的宾语的从句，也可以做介词和某些,The commander ordered that troops(should),set,off at once.,但是,如果suggest作“表明、暗示”讲,insist作“坚持说、坚持认为”讲，则其后的宾语从句中应该用陈述语气。,The smile on his face suggested that he,had passed,the examination.,I want to know what he,has,told you,(2)由whether或if引导的宾语句;,whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。但从句中有or not时或介词宾语从句中只能用whether连接。介词后的宾语从句一般不用which和if引导，要用whether和what；that也很少引导介词宾语从句，只在except,but,besides等之后才