单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,*,句子成分详解表,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,句子成分详解表课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,1,取得英语语法成功的基石,英语句子成分和基本句型,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,取得英语语法成功的基石英语句子成分和基本句型课件【优秀】,2,什么是句子？,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位句子的第一个字母必须,大写,，结尾要有,？,！,主语,和,谓语,是一句子中不可缺少的成分,.,I am a teacher.,Are you a student?,How beautiful the girl is !,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,3,什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个,现代,汉语,里一般的句子成分有,六种,，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。,英语,的基本成分有,七,种,：主语（,subject,）、谓语（,predicate,）、表语（,predicative,）、宾语（,object,）、定语（,attribute,）、状语,(,adverbial,),、补语（,complement,）。,句子包括哪些成分？,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,4,现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状,句子成分,(1),谓,主,宾,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,句子成分(1) 谓主宾课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,5,表示句子所说的是,“什么人”或“什么事物”,主 语,What he needs,is a book.,Gina,is from Australia.,She,often goes to the movies.,Doing the work,is hard for him.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,表示句子所说的是主 语 What he needs is,6,主语（,subject,）：,句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于,_,。,1.,Lucy,likes her new bike.,2.,We,work hard.,3.,To learn a foreign language,is not easy.,4.,Playing football after school,is great fun.,句首,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_,7,在“,There be ”,句型中，主语的位置在,be动词之后,。,如：,There are,some bottles of milk,in the box.,There is,a duck,in the lake.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,在“There be ”句型中，主语的位置在课件【优秀】初,8,一、主语 主语可以用下面这些东西表示：,1.,The sun,rises in the east.,（ ）,2.,He,likes dancing.,（ ）,3.,Two,will be enough.( ),4.,Seeing,is believing.,（ ）,6.,To see,is to believe.,（ ）,7.,What he needs,is a book.,（ ）,8.,It,is very clear,that the elephant is tall like a tree.,（ ）,名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,从句,It,作形式主语，,that,从句是真正的主语,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,一、主语 主语可以用下面这些东西表示：名词代词数词动名词不,9,形式主语,It is,clear,that the sun is bigger than the earth.,It,is important,tolearn English well .,不定式、从句,等作主语时，为避头重脚轻，常用,it,作形式主语,置,句首,。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,形式主语It is clear that the sun i,10,你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗,?,翻译,1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( ) 2) He is clever a lot.,3) It is getting clod,4) It is easy for me to play the piano.,5) The teacher is kind to us.,说谎是错误的。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?翻译说谎是错误的。课件【优,11,主语在哪里,The young should respect the old.,Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.,What he has said is true.,Seeing is believing.,（眼见为实）,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,主语在哪里The young should respect,12,说明主语“做什么” 或“怎么样”,谓语通常是动词。,主谓要一致,谓 语,We,love,China.,He,has,a bad cold.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,说明主语“做什么” 或“怎么样”, 谓语通常是动词。主谓要一,13,1. We,love,China.,2. We,have finished,reading this book.,3. He,can speak,English.,4. She,seems,tired.,谓语,:,说明主语,做什么,或,怎么样,。通常由,_,充当,.,实义动词或系动词,动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词,.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,1. We love China.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么,14,情态动词,和,助动词,不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语,.,They,can speak,English well.,They,are playing,over there.,动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词,.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一,15,We have finished reading this book.,谓语在哪里,They can speak English well.,助动词和情态动词须和实义动词一起构成谓语,He looked after two boys.,They enjoyed playing computer games.,l,ook after照顾,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,We have finished reading this,16,表示动作,行为的对象,说明主语“做了什么”,（所做的事）,宾 语,Can I ask,some questions,?,He is looking at,the dog,.,宾语一般放在及物动词或介词后,宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语、介词之后,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,表示动作, 行为的对象宾 语 Can I ask some,17,宾语,：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在,_,或,_,后面,.,1.We study,English.,2.Our teacher,said,that he would go there.,3.He is looking at,the dog,.,双宾语,：指人的是,间接宾语,，指物的是,直接宾语,。,He gave,me,two books,.,及物动词,介词,间接宾语,直接宾语,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在_,18,He gave,me,two books,.,Tom teaches,us,English.,双宾语,人是间接宾语物是直接宾语,常跟双宾语的词,give , buy,teach,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,He gave me two books.Tom teach,19,二、宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：,1.She lived,a happy life,.( ),2.I love,you,.( ),3.We need,two,.( ),4.Do you mind,my opening the door,?( ),5.He began,to learn English a year ago,.( ),6.He did not know,what to say,.( ),7.Did you write down,what she said,? ( ),8. She felt,it,her duty,to take good care of them,.,( ),名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,疑问词,+,不定式,从句,It,作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,二、宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：名词代词数词动名词不定式疑问,20,My brother,hasnt,done,his,homework,.,AB C,D,You must pay,good,attention,to,A B,your,pronunciation,.,CD,宾语在哪里,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,My brother hasnt done his ho,21,Summary,2,谓语 “做,.”,或“怎么样”,3,宾语 动作行为,”,做”的对象,主语 “什么人”或“什么事”,1,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,Summary2谓语 “做.” 或“怎么样”3宾语 动,22,She,is a beautiful,girl.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,She is a beautiful girl.课件【优秀】,23,句子成分,(2),定,状,补,表,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,句子成分(2)定状补表课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,24,说明主语“是什么”,“怎么样” 位于,系动词,之后,表 语,Her mother is,a,bank,clerk,.,The food tastes,delicious,.,表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，,副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,说明主语“是什么”, “怎么样” 位于系动词之后表 语H,25,表语,：跟在,后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态,.,The trees turn,green.,The flower is,beautiful .,系动词,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,表语：跟在 后面的词语或从句,用来说明主,26,He always,kept,silent,at meeting.,系动词,状态系动词,表示主语状态、身份等，主要有,be,（,is am are,）,I,am,hungry,.,持续系动词,表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有,keep, remain, stay,等。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,He always kept silent at meeti,27,He,became,mad after that.,系动词,感官系动词,主要有,feel, smell, sound, taste, look,等。,This flower,smells,very sweet.,变化系动词 表示,主语变化，主要有,become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,等。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,He became mad after that. 系动词感,28,表语 表语可以用下面这些东西表示：,He is,a teacher,. ( ),My idea is,this,.( ),To see is,to believe,.( ),I feel much,better,today./I must be,off,now. ( ),He is,out of danger,.( ),The news was,exciting./,They were,excited,at the news.( ),What surprised me most was,that he spoke Chinese so well,.( ),名词,代词,不定式,从句,形容词,/,副词,介词短语,分词,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,表语 表语可以用下面这些东西表示：名词代词不定式从句形容词,29,找出表语,Every thing looks nice.,His face turned red.,He is happy.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,找出表语Every thing looks nice. Hi,30,修饰名词或代词,定 语,Shes a,good,basketball player.,Whats,your,name?,The girl,with long hair,is my sister.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,修饰名词或代词定 语Shes a good basket,31,定语：用来修饰,_ .,This is a,red,car.,The building is,their teaching,building.,The,woman,doctor is my wife.,I have something,to tell you,.,The man,in front of the door,is Mr. Li.,Every,student has an,English,book.,五、定语,名词和代词,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,定语：用来修饰_ . This is a red c,32,三、定语 定语可以用下面这些东西表示：,Its a,red,car.( ),They live in the room,above,.( ),My,brother is a teacher.( ),We belong to,the third,world.( ),Lucys,father is a poor worker.( ),Mother made a,birthday,cake for me.( ),The man,under the tree,is my teacher.( ),The,swimming,boy is,my brother./The boy,swimming in the river,is my brother. ( ),形容词,副词,代词,数词,名词所有格,名词,介词短语,现在分词,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,三、定语 定语可以用下面这些东西表示：形容词副词代词数词名,33,找出定语,Some,people,forgot,to sweep the floor,.,A B CD,The man,downstairs,was,trying to sleep,.,A B C D,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,找出定语Some people forgot to swee,34,修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明时间、地点、方式、因果、条件、让步、方向、程度、目的等。,状 语,The students followed Uncle,Wang,to see the other machines,.,He sat there,quietly,.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明时间、地点、方式、因果、,35,四、状语 状语可以用下面这些东西表示：,He is,often,late for class.( ),We saw that picture,at the cinema,.( ),He sat there,smoking,.( ),They returned,tired and hungry,.,（ ）,They did everything they could,to save the boys life.,（ ）,Although he is young, he knows a lot. ( ),The box is so heavy,that I cant lift it.,( ),副词，程度,介词短语，地点,分词，伴随,不定式，目的,形容词，状态,让步状语从句,结果状语从句,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,四、状语 状语可以用下面这些东西表示：副词，程度介词短语，,36,四、状语可以用下面这些东西表示：,While my wife was reading the newspaper,I was watching TV.,（ ）,He was angry,because we were late,(,）,If it rains tomorrow, we wont go out.( ),时间状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,四、状语可以用下面这些东西表示：时间状语从句原因状语从句条件,37,找出状语,He,began,writing,when he was eleven.,A B CD,There,was,a big smile,on her face,.,A B CD,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,找出状语He began writing when he w,38,用来补充说明宾语的情况,宾语,补足语,We elected him,our monitor,.,He asked her,to take the boy out of school,.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,用来补充说明宾语的情况 宾语We elected him,39,注意点,某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。比如说：,I like to keep everything,tidy.,Im going to paint it,pink.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,注意点 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才,40,感官动词和使役动词加宾补，如：See，hear, notice, watch, hear，feel , observe(感官动词)， Make，have, let(使役动词)，接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。,1. I hear him sing .,2. Let him help you.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,感官动词和使役动词加宾补，如：See，hear, noti,41,五、宾语补足语：,I consider Jim,a good friend,.( ),I always find her,happy,.( ),People praised him,as a hero,.( ),I had the TV,fixed,.( ),I saw him,entering,the building.( ),What made you,think,so?( ),Do you want me,to go,?( ),形容词,名词,介词短语,过去分词,现在分词,省略掉,to,的不定式,不定式,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,五、宾语补足语：形容词名词介词短语过去分词现在分词省略掉to,42,I,saw,Mr. Wang,get on the bus,.,A B CD,They,cal,l,me,Lily,sometimes.,A B CD,找出宾补,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus,43,Summary,2,定语用来修饰名词或代词,3,状语修饰动词，形容词或副词,4,宾补用来补充说明宾语的情况,表语“是什么”,”,怎么样”,1,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,Summary2定语用来修饰名词或代词3状语修饰动词，形容词,44,句子成份练习,1,、,You should study,hard,.,2,、,The teacher got,very angry,.,3,、,The boy told,me his story,.,4,、,We elected,him our monitor,.,5,、,The sun keeps,us warm,.,6,、,I told,him to open the window.,7,、,We watched,the train leaving the station.,状语,表语,间语,+,直宾,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,句子成份练习1、You should study hard.,45,8. I think,it difficult to finish the work this morning.,9. There seems,little hopes of success,.,10,、,To our joy, they arrived,safe,.,11,、,The fact is very clear,that our team will win the game.,12.,After graduation,he will work,where he came from.,宾语,+,宾补,主语,状语,同位语,状语,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,8. I think it difficult to fin,46,有哪几种常见的句型结构？,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,有哪几种常见的句型结构？课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,47,按句子的结构可分三种：,简单句、并列句和复合句。,简单句,：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。,e.g. He often reads English in the morning.,Tom and Mike are American boys.,They walked, talked and laughed.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,按句子的结构可分三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。课件【优秀】初,48,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型,掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。,一： （主谓）,二： （主系表）,三： （主谓宾）,四： （主谓间宾直宾）,五： （主谓宾宾补）,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型掌握这五种基本句型，,49,基本句型 二,+,+,（主系表）,此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：,be, look, feel,smell,taste,sound,等属一类，表示情况；,get, grow, become, turn,go,等属另一类，表示变化。,be,本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,基本句型 二,50,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,51,系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省略句外），后面必须接有表语，系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省略句外），后面必须,52,一、系动词的分类：,常见的系动词大致可分为三类。,第一类：表示特征或状态的，有,be,，,look,，,feel,，,seem,，,appear,，,smell,，,taste,，,sound,，,turn out,（结果是、证明是）等。,You dont look very well.,I feel rather cold,.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,53,一、系动词的分类： 课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析53,第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有,become,，,get,，,grow,，,turn,，,fall,，,go,，,come,，,run,等。,He became a world-famous scientist.,It is getting warmer and warmer.,It grew dark.,The food has turned bad.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,54,第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有become，,第三类：表示保持状态的，有,keep,，,remain,，,continue,，,stay,等,。,Keep quiet, children!,It remains to be proved.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,55,第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep， remain， con,基本句型 三,+,t +,（主谓宾）,此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,56,基本句型 三课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析56,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,57,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析57,基本句型 四,+,t +IO +,（主谓间宾直宾）,此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。,通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,58,基本句型 四课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析58,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,59,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析59,基本句型 五,+,t +,+,（主谓宾宾补）,此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,60,基本句型 五课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析60,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,61,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析61,用,it,做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：,主语,+,谓语,+it+,宾补,+,真正宾语,。如：,I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,62,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析62,并列句,定 义,用 法,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,并列句 定 义 用 法 课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,63,并列句是由,and, but, or, for,等并列连词把两个或两个以上意义有关的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为,:,简单句,+,并列连词,+,简单句。并列句是初中英语语法的重点和难点,也是中考的常考知识点之一。要想真正、全面掌握并列句,就让我们一起聆听它的“四重奏”吧,!,定义,并列句是由,and, but, or, for,等并列连词把两个或两个以上意义有关的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为,:,简单句,+,并列连词,+,简单句,。并列句是初中英语语法的重点和难点,也是中考的常考知识点之一。要想真正、全面掌握并列句,就让我们一起聆听它的“四重奏”吧,!,定义,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,64,并列句是由and, but, or, for等并列连词把两个,联合并列句,并列连词,:and(,和、并且,),其中,and,意为“和、又、而”， 表示动作先后等，,not only.but also.(,不但,而且,),等。,Jim finished his homework and he went to bed.,吉姆写完作业,就上床睡觉了。,Not only I come to school early, but also my teacher does.,不但我到校早,而且我的老师也是如此。,and,在表示条件时，可与,if,引导的肯定条件句转换,keep passing the ball to each other, and you”ll be Ok!,If you keep passing the ball each other, you”ll be Ok!,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,65,联合并列句 并列连词:and(和、并且), 其中and意为,转折并列句,并列连词,:but(,但是,),however(,然而,),yet(,但是,),while(,而,然而,),等。其中,but,意为“但是、可是、然而、不过”，表意思转折,。,Shes good at English, but her Chinese isnt good.,她擅长英语,但语文不好。,He worked hard, yet he failed.,他努力地干,然而失败了。,Tom is tall while his brother is short.,汤姆个儿很高,而他的兄弟却很矮。,Id like to go with you, however my hands are full.,我想和你一块儿去,可是我忙不过来。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,66,转折并列句并列连词:but(但是),however(然而),特别提醒,: though, although(,虽然，尽管,),不能,与,but(,但是,),连用。,虽然他很累,但是他没有停止工作。,误,:Although he is very tired, but he doesnt stop working.,正,:Although he is very tired, he doesnt stop working.,正,:He is very tired, but he doesnt stop working.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,67,特别提醒: though, although(虽然，尽管,选择并列句,并列连词,:or(,或者,;,否则,要不然,),either.or.(,或者,或者,),neither. nor.(,既不,又不,),等。,You must tell the truth, or you will be punished.,你必须说真话,否则你将会受到惩罚。,Either you can do it by yourself, or you can ask,someone else to do it.,你或者自己做,或者让别人去做。,提醒,:“,祈使句,+or/and+,简单句,”,也是一个固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个,if,引导的条件状语从句,。,Work hard, and youll pass the exam.,(=If you work hard, youll pass the exam.),努力学习,你就会通过考试。,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,68,选择并列句并列连词:or(或者;否则,要不然),either,因果并列句,并列连词,:for(,因为,),表示因果关系，起解释说明的作用。,so(,所以,),等。其中,so,为“所以、结果”，表因果关系。,That was our first lesson, so she didnt know all our names.,那是我们第一堂课,因此她并不知道我们所有人的名字。,She didnt come to school today, for she was ill.,今天她没来上学,因为她生病了。,提醒,: so,与,because,不能连用。,因为我有钱,所以我能给自己买很多东西。,误,:Because Im rich, so I can buy myself lots of things.,正,:Because Im rich, I can buy myself lots of things.,正,:Im rich, so I can buy myself lots of things.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,因果并列句并列连词:for(因为),表示因果关系，起解释说明,69,3,）,复合句,：含有,一个或一个以上从句,的句子。复合句包含：,名词性从句,（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、,定语从句,和,状语从句,等。,e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.,课件【优秀】初中英语句子成分分析,2024/11/19,70,3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性,