单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,本节内容结束,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,第二讲 推理判断题,第二讲 推理判断题,高考英语考试大纲指出，阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即理解作者所要传达的信息。高考英语阅读理解试题命制形式多样，其中推理判断题属于高层次的阅读理解题，解答此类题目要从整体上把握语篇内容，在理解语篇的表面意义与隐含意义的基础上进行深层推理，透过字里行间去体会作者的,“,弦外之音,”,。此类题目在高考题中的数量所占比例较大，是高考阅读理解考查的重点，应引起考生的重视。,具体来说，针对不同的推理判断题，寻找线索时要使用不同的方法。,高考英语考试大纲指出，阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即理,一、正确选项的特征,1.,“,立足原文，只推一步,”,，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。,2.,选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念，如,only,，,never,，,all,，,absolutely,等。正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如,often,，,usually,，,sometimes,，,some,，,may,，,might,，,can,，,could,，,possibly,，,probably,等。,一、正确选项的特征1.“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容,二、干扰选项的特征,1.,曲解文意。即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别，推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话，命题者可能会利用里面的字词设计出干扰项，看似表达文章的意思，其实是借题发挥，是对原文意思的曲解。,2.,张冠李戴。为了起到干扰的效果，高考命题人常用的一个手段就是张冠李戴，即通过使用原文中出现的词汇甚至句式，把本来适用于一种情况的内容移用到其他情况。,3.,颠倒是非。干扰项的内容常涉及原文中提及的一些内容或现象，但选项的意思却与原文恰恰相反。,二、干扰选项的特征1.曲解文意。即推测意义与文章表层意义有区,4.,无中生有。这种类型的干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可的观点，但在文章中并无相关的信息支撑点。另外，这种干扰项也有可能与设置的问题毫不相干。,5.,扩缩范围。为了准确、严密地表达文章内容，命题者特别注意对文意范围的限定，有时通过加上,almost,，,all,，,nearly,，,more than,，,normally,，,usually,等词语对文意加以限制。,“,扩缩范围,”,干扰法就是在选项中通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息的范围、程度、感情色彩等改变，从而给考生解题造成干扰的命题方法。,4.无中生有。这种类型的干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可,典例,1,(2018,江苏卷，阅读,C),There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy,but farmers cant clumsily put them together before us.We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation,as we push for immigration reform,and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a stand with young farmers.,推断隐含意思,典例1(2018江苏卷，阅读C)推断隐含意思,64.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?,A.Seek support beyond NYFC.,B.Expand farmland conservation.,C.Become members of NYFC.,D.Invest more to improve technology.,答案,A,推断隐含意思题。根据文中的,“,We at the NYFC need broad support.all backgrounds,”,可知，除了需要,NYFC,的支持，农场主还需要获得其他的帮助。故选,A,。,64.What should farmers do for,典例,2,(2019,江苏卷，阅读,C),Even more worryingly,the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the“digital divide”between the rich countries and the poor countries.This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.The question,，,however,is whether this is what the developing countries need the most.Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells,extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved peoples lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages.I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important,but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.,典例2(2019江苏卷，阅读C),62.The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should _.,A.take peoples essential needs into account,B.make their programmes attractive to people,C.ensure that each child gets financial support,D.provide more affordable internet facilities,答案,A,推理判断题。根据本段可知，作者认为与其给发展中国家的人们捐钱买电脑及网络设备，倒不如买能切实提高人们生活水平的物品，言外之意，捐献者应该把人们的基本需求考虑进来，故选,A,项。,62.The example in Paragraph 4,2020届二轮复习-专题三-阅读理解第二讲-推理判断题-ppt课件,1.,推断作者观点态度,典例,3,(2019,北京卷，阅读,C),The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams(,欺诈,).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,，,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,its too little,too late.By the time these“solutions”(,解决方案,)become widely available,，,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,，,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.,推断观点态度,1.推断作者观点态度推断观点态度,38.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls?,A.Panicked.B.Confused.,C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.,答案,D,观点态度题。根据第一段的内容特别是,“,By the time.onto cleverer means.(,等这些,解决方案,被广泛使用时，诈骗者们就会有更,高明,的手段,),”,可推知，作者对骚扰电话的解决方案不乐观，感到失望,(disappointed),，故选,D,项。,panicked,惊慌的；,confused,迷惑的；,embarrassed,尴尬的。,38.How does the author feel ab,2.,推断文中人物或组织的观点态度,典例,4,(2019,全国卷,，阅读,B),“,China is impossible to overlook,，,”,says Hill.,“,Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world,which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion,they are central to its movement.,”,Of course,not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China,some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.,“,Vera Wa