单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,师大商学院外国语学院,*,Subjunctive Mood,英语专业四级考试语法系列,TEM4,九大常考语法点：,1.,虚拟语气,2.,非谓语动词,3.,定语从句,4.,状语从句,5.,名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）,6.,情态动词,7.,反义疑问句,8.,时态,9.,一些特定功能词汇的用法（,much,more,such,anything but,enough,等）,2,虚拟语气,Subjunctive Mood,3,虚拟语气概要：,1.,现代英语中有三种语气：,1,）陈述语气（,indicative mood,）,2,）祈使语气（,imperative mood,）,3,）虚拟语气（,subjunctive mood,）,2.,定义：用来表示说的话,不是事实,，,或者是,不可能发生,或,可能性比较小,的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,4,3.,专业四级考试语法与词汇部分每年至少有一道相关试题涉及虚拟语气，平均下来达到每年,1-2,题，总计有,24,题。,5,1.If I,had,HIV,I,would know,because I would feel sick.,2.If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS patient a hug.,3.If I,had taken,your advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,4.If he,had been,there,it,wouldnt have happened.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,看例句，总结虚拟语气结构,5.If it,should rain,tomorrow,they,wouldnt go for,an outing.,6.I think we,could do,it,if we,planned,it properly.,7.If we,were to have,three days off,we,would enjoy,a very happy life.,与未来事实相反,虚拟条件句结构表,8,一,.,考点分类,-,从句,省略连词,if,的虚拟语气,真题举例及分析,例1:Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam,she_ much better results now.（2008:52）,A,.,would be gettingB.could have got,C.must get,D.would get,B,注：,省略,if,倒装，时态用过去完成时；主句的时间副词是,now,，但是事实上该考试成绩已经出来了，所以用,B,。,9,一,.,考点分类,-,从句省略连词,if,的虚拟语气,真题举例及分析,例,2,:_ you _ further problems with your printer,contact your dealer for advice.,（2005,：,63）,A.If,had,B.Have,had,C.Should,have,D.in case,had,C,10,一,.,考点分类,-,从句,省略连词,if,的虚拟语气,1.be,动词,were,提到从句主语的前面。,Were I you,I would take an umbrella with me.,There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened,，,should there be,a sudden loud noise.,11,一,.,考点分类,-,从句,省略连词,if,的虚拟语气,2动词should/had,提到从句主语的前面。,Should I have time,I would call her.,Had I known it,I have told you,Had the damage been worse,，,the insurance company would have paid more.,12,一,.,考点分类,-,从句省略连词,if,的虚拟语气,练习：,1,:_ right now,she would get there on Sunday,A.Would,she leaveB.If she leaves,C.Were she to leaveD.If she had left,C,13,2,:_ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party,A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arrive,C.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive,D,14,二,.,考点分类,-,与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,真题举例及分析,例,1,：If you explained the situation to your solicitor,he _ able to advise you much better than I can.（2005,:,51）,A.would beB.will have been,C.was,D.were,A,15,例,2,：If only the patient_ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics,he might still be alive now.（2007,:,54）,A.had received B.received,C.should receive D.were receiving,A,二,.,考点分类,-,与,过去事实相反,的虚拟语气,结构：,17,二,.,考点分类,-,与,过去事实相反,的虚拟语气,Examples:,If I,had left,a little earlier,I,would have caught,the train.,If I,hadnt taken,your advice,I,would have made,a bad mistake.,She,would have come,if she,hadnt been,so busy.,18,二,.,考点分类,-,与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,练习：,1.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _ quite such a crowd of people there.,A.werent,B.hasnt been,C.hadnt beenD.wouldnt been,C,19,二,.,考点分类,-,与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,【补充】,混合虚拟式,，或交错虚拟式：有时，从句的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作不一致，这时就要使用混合虚拟式。,*If I,had taken,my raincoat when I,came,out this morning,I,would not be,wet now.,*If I,were,you,I,wouldnt have missed,the film last night.,20,三,.,考点分类,-It is(high,about,the)time,真题举例及分析,例,1,：-“What courses are you going to do next semester?”,-“I dont know.But its about time _ on something.”（2002,：,51）,A.Id decide B.I decided,C.I decide,D.Im deciding,21,例,2,：That was not the first time he _ us.I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.(2005,：,60),A.betrayed,；,take B.had betrayed,；,took,C.has betrayed,；,took D.has betrayed,；,take,B,注意：当句子里面有序数词（,first/second/third.,）,副词,only,或最高级,best/worst/most,的时候，后面的定语从句要用完成时态。如，,This is one of the most interesting books Ive ever read.,22,三,.,考点分类,-,结构“,It is(high,about,the)time.”,中的虚拟语气,在句型“It is(high,about,the)time.”虚拟语气中的谓语动词通常用,过去式,或者,should+V.,指现在或将来的情况，表示“,早该做某事了,”,。,23,三,.,考点分类,-,结构“,It is(high,about,the)time.”,中的虚拟语气,Its the time the children,learned,how to behave properly,.,Its about time people,took,notice of what women did during the war,.,24,练习,：,1.Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.,A.stopped B.had to stop,C.shall stopD.stop,A,25,真题举例及分析,例,1,：,It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time.(2004:46),A.hand in,B.would hand in,C.have to hand inD.handed in,A,四,.,考点分类,-,几种常用“（,should,）,+,动词原形”表示虚拟语气的结构,26,例,2,：,Which of the following sentence contains subjunctive mood,.(2013:54),A.Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock.,B.She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.,C.Walk straight ahead,and dont turn till the second traffic lights.,D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.,A,27,1,表示主观判断、推测和表示,命令、决定、要求、建议,之类的词的相关从句中。,一个坚持：insist,两个命令：order,command