Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,4-,*,Copyright 2010 Pearson Education,Inc,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,4-,*,Copyright 2010 Pearson Education,Inc.,Chapter 4,Job Attitudes,Essentials of,Organizational Behavior,10/e,Stephen P.Robbins&Timothy A.Judge,Chapter 4 Essentials of,After studying this chapter,you should be able to:,Contrast the three components of an attitude.,Summarize the relationship between attitudes and behavior.,Compare and contrast the major job attitudes.,Define job satisfaction and show how it can be measured.,Summarize the main causes of job satisfaction and identify four employee responses to dissatisfaction.,Show whether job satisfaction is a relevant concept in countries other than the United States.,After studying this chapter,y,Attitudes,Evaluative statements either favorable or unfavorable concerning objects,people or events,Attitudes reflect how one feels about something,AttitudesEvaluative statements,Three Main Components of Attitudes,Cognition,an opinion or belief,“I just found out I am paid 20%less than my coworkers.”,Affect,the emotional or feeling segment associated with that belief,“I feel angry that I am not being treated fairly.”,Behavior,the intention to behave in a certain way,“I am going to quit this job soon as I can,and I am taking the red stapler with me!”,Three Main Components of Atti,Attitudes Follow Behavior:Cognitive Dissonance,Any inconsistency between two or more attitudes,or between behavior and attitudes,Individuals seek to minimize dissonance,The desire to reduce dissonance is determined by:,The,importance,of the elements creating the dissonance,The,degree of influence,the individual believes he or she has over the elements,The,rewards,that may be involved in dissonance,Attitudes Follow Behavior:Cog,Behavior Follows Attitudes:Moderating Variables,The most powerful moderators of the attitude-behavior relationships are:,Importance,Correspondence to behavior,Accessibility,Social pressures,Direct personal experience,Knowing attitudes helps predict behavior,Behavior Follows Attitudes:Mo,Major Job Attitudes,Job Satisfaction,Job Involvement,Psychological Empowerment,Organizational Commitment,Affective commitment,Continuance commitment,Normative commitment,Perceived Organizational Support(POS),Employee Engagement,Major Job AttitudesJob Satisfa,Measuring Job Satisfaction,Single Global Rating Method,Only a few general questions,Remarkably accurate,Summation Score Method,Identifies key elements in the job and asks for specific feeling about them,Measuring Job SatisfactionSing,What Causes Job Satisfaction?,The Work Itself,the strongest correlation with overall satisfaction,Pay not correlated after individual reaches a level of comfortable living,Advancement,Supervision,Coworkers,What Causes Job Satisfaction?T,The Consequences of Dissatisfaction,Exit,Voice,Neglect,Loyalty,Passive to Active,Destructive to Constructive,The Consequences of Dissatisfa,The Benefits of Satisfaction,Better job and organizational performance,Better organizational citizenship behaviors,(OCB Discretionary behaviors that contribute to organizational effectiveness,but are not part of employees formal job description),Greater levels of customer satisfaction,Generally lower absenteeism and turnover,Decreased instances of workplace deviance,The Benefits of SatisfactionBe,Global Implications,Is job satisfaction a U.S.concept?,Cross-cultural differences do exist but job satisfaction seems to be a global concern,Are employees in Western cultures more satisfied with their jobs?,Yes,but that may be due to the greater value Westerners put on positive emotions and happiness.,Global ImplicationsIs job sati,Implications for Managers,Employee attitudes give warnings of potential problems and influence behavior,Satisfied and committed employees exhibit behaviors that increase organizational outcomes,Managers must measure job attitudes in order to improve them,Most important elements a manager can focus on are the intrinsic parts of the job:making the work challenging and interesting,High pay is not enough to create satisfaction,Implications for ManagersEmplo,Keep in Mind,Individuals have many kinds of attitudes about their job.,Job satisfaction is related to organizational effectiveness.,Most employees are satisfied with their jobs,but when they are not,a host of actions in response to the satisfaction might be expected.,Keep in MindIndividuals have,Summary,Contrasted the three components of an attitude.,Summarized the relationship between attitudes and behavior.,Compared and contrasted the major job attitudes.,Defined job satisfaction and showed how it can be measured.,Summarized the main causes of job satisfaction and identified four employee responses to dissatisfaction.,Showed that job satisfaction is a relevant concept in countries other than th