,数学,人教版八年级上册,课件目录,首 页,末 页,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,教材回归,(,四,),等腰三角形的角度计算,(,教材,P76,例,1),如图,1,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,点,D,在,AC,上,,且,BD,BC,AD,.,求,ABC,各角的度数,解,:,AB,AC,,,BD,BC,AD,,,ABC,C,BDC,,,A,ABD,.,设,A,x,,则,BDC,A,ABD,2,x,,,从而,ABC,C,BDC,2,x,,,于是在,ABC,中,,图,1,有,A,ABC,C,x,2,x,2,x,180,,,解得,x,36,,,A,36,,,ABC,C,72.,【,思想方法,】,根据三角形的内角和定理、外角性质以及角平分线、平行线的性质等列出方程,是求角大小的重要方法,充分运用了方程的思想,2015,湘西州,如图,2,,等腰三角形,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,BD,平分,ABC,,,A,36,,,则,1,的度数为,(,),A,36,B,60,C,72,D,108,【,解析,】,A,36,,,AB,AC,,,ABC,C,72,,,BD,平分,ABC,,,ABD,36,,,1,A,ABD,72.,C,图,2,2015,南宁,如图,3,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AD,DC,,,B,70,,则,C,的度数为,(,),A,35 B,40 C,45 D,50,A,图,3,2015,内江,如图,4,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,BD,平分,ABC,交,AC,于点,D,,,AE,BD,交,CB,的延长线于点,E,.,若,E,35,,则,BAC,的度数为,(,),A,40 B,45 C,60 D,70,A,图,4,【,解析,】,AE,BD,,,CBD,E,35,,,BD,平分,ABC,,,CBA,70,,,AB,AC,,,C,CBA,70,,,BAC,180,702,40.,如图,5,,已知,AB,AC,,,A,36,,,AB,的中垂线,MN,交,AC,于点,D,,交,AB,于点,M,.,下列结,论:,BD,是,ABC,的平分线;,BCD,是等腰三,角形;,AMD,BCD,,正确的有,(,),A,0,个,B,3,个,C,2,个,D,1,个,图,5,C,2015,西宁,等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角的度数为,20,,则顶角的度数是,_,【,解析,】,此题要分情况讨论:当等腰三角形的顶角是钝角时,腰上的高在外部根据三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和,即可求得顶角是,90,20,110,;当等腰三角形的顶角是锐角时,腰上的高在其内部,故顶角是,90,20,70.,110,或,70,变形,5,答图,如图,6,,点,K,,,B,,,C,分别在,GH,,,GA,,,KA,上,且,AB,AC,,,BG,BH,,,KA,KG,,求,A,的度数,图,6,解,:设,A,x,.,KA,KG,,,G,A,x,,,BG,BH,,,H,G,x,.,由三角形的外角性质,得,ABC,G,H,2,x,,,AB,AC,,,ACB,ABC,2,x,,,A,ABC,ACB,180,,,x,2,x,2,x,180,,,解得,x,36,,即,A,36.,已知:如图,7,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,C,2,A,,,BD,AC,于,D,.,求:,(1),C,的度数;,(2),DBC,的度数,解,:,(1),AB,AC,,,ABC,C,,,C,2,A,,,ABC,2,A,,,A,2,A,2,A,180,,,A,36,,,C,2,A,72,;,(2),BD,AC,于,D,,,BDC,90,,,C,72,,,DBC,90,72,18.,图,7,如图,8,,,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,A,36,,,AC,的垂直平分线交,AB,于,E,,,D,为垂,足,连接,EC,.,(1),求,ECD,的度数;,(2),若,EC,5,,求,BC,的长,解,:,(1),解法一:,DE,垂直平分,AC,,,CE,AE,,,ECD,A,36,;,解法二:,DE,垂直平分,AC,,,AD,CD,,,ADE,CDE,90,,,又,DE,DE,,,ADE,CDE,,,ECD,A,36,;,图,8,(2),解法一:,AB,AC,,,A,36,,,B,ACB,72.,ECD,36,,,BCE,ACB,ECD,36,,,BEC,72,B,,,BC,EC,5,;,解法二:,AB,AC,,,A,36,,,B,ACB,72.,BEC,A,ECD,72,,,BEC,B,,,BC,EC,5.,如图,9,,,ABC,中,,BC,AC,,,B,36,,点,D,是,BC,边上一点,,CD,AD,,,求,1,与,2,的度数,解,:,BC,AC,,,1,B,36.,又,CD,AD,,,2,ACD,1,B,72.,图,9,如图,10,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,BD,CD,,,BAD,40,,,AD,AE,.,求,CDE,的度数,解,:,AB,AC,,,BD,CD,,,BAD,CAD,40,,,AD,BC,,,即,ADB,ADC,90.,AD,AE,,,CDE,ADC,ADE,20.,图,10,如图,11,,在,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,D,为,BC,边上一点,,B,30,,,DAB,45.,(1),求,DAC,的度数;,(2),求证:,DC,AB,.,(1),解,:,AB,AC,,,B,C,30.,C,BAC,B,180,,,BAC,180,30,30,120.,DAB,45,,,DAC,BAC,DAB,120,45,75,;,图,11,(2),证明,:,B,30,,,DAB,45,,,ADC,B,DAB,75,,,DAC,ADC,,,DC,AC,,,AB,AC,,,DC,AB,.,如图,12,,已知,BC,CD,DE,AE,,,A,20.,(1),求,DEC,的度数;,(2),求,B,的度数,图,12,解,:,(1),DE,AE,,,A,20,,,A,ADE,20,,,DEC,A,ADE,20,20,40,;,(2),DE,CD,,,DEC,40,,,DCE,DEC,40,,,BDC,A,DCE,20,40,60.,BC,CD,,,B,BDC,60.,如图,13,,,ABC,中,,AB,AC,,,D,在,BC,上,且,BD,AD,,,DC,AC,,求,B,的,度数,解,:,AB,AC,,,B,C,.,BD,AD,,,B,BAD,,,则,ADC,B,BAD,2,B,.,DC,AC,,,ADC,DAC,2,B,.,在,ADC,中,,ADC,DAC,C,180,,,则,2,B,2,B,B,180,,,B,36.,图,13,2015,河北,如图,14,,,BOC,9,,点,A,在,OB,上,且,OA,1,,按下列要求画图:,以,A,为圆心,,1,为半径向右画弧交,OC,于点,A,1,,得第,1,条线段,AA,1,;,再以,A,1,为圆心,,1,为半径向右画弧交,OB,于点,A,2,,得第,2,条线段,A,1,A,2,;,再以,A,2,为圆心,,1,为半径向右画弧交,OC,于点,A,3,,得第,3,条线段,A,2,A,3,;,这样画下去,直到得第,n,条线段,之后就不能再画出符合要求的线段了,则,n,_,9,【,解析,】,由题意可知:,AO,AA,1,,,AA,1,A,1,A,2,,,,,则,AOA,1,OA,1,A,,,A,1,AA,2,A,1,A,2,A,,,,,BOC,9,,,A,1,AB,18,,,A,2,A,1,C,27,,,A,3,A,2,B,36,,,A,4,A,3,C,45,,,,,当达到,90,时,便不能再往右画弧了,,9,n,90,,,解得,n,10.,由于,n,为整数,故,n,9.,图,14,