专题五 词汇运用,纵观各地中考，对词汇的考察方式主要有：依据句意短文及首字母提示完成单词；依据句意短文及汉语提示完成单词；用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式完成句子短文。,依据句意及汉语提示完成单词,此类题目相对简洁，首先能够正确写出所给汉语对应的英语单词。然后要依据句意，从语法、句法角度确定词汇的正确形式。,I really love the music because it _(听起来)beautiful.,【解析】填sounds。“听起来”的英文是sound,依据句意because引导的缘由状语从句应用一般现在时，且主语it是第三人称单数，故依据主谓全都原则确定答案为sounds。,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,该题型重在考察学生在特定语境下敏捷运用单词的力量，因此考生应从实际语境动身，综合运用语句法规章、词类学问、构词法以及习语学问确定词汇的具体形式。,Our teachers ask us to write as _(care)as possible.,【解析】填carefully。首先，我们可以确定句意为：教师要求我们尽可能认真地书写；其次，as.as中间用形容词、副词原级；再者，此处须用副词修饰动词write；最终，我们可以运用构词法学问写出所给词的适当形式为carefully。,短文填空,该题型重在考察学生依据文章的上下文意思、规律关系确定所填词汇的力量。,to must ask unusual it,when early who notice if,My name is Jim White.I live in America.I had a very 1 experience on Sunday.I saw a UFO in the daytime.2 this morning,I went outside with my friend Bill 3 lived close to me.We were walking to a hill 4 I saw a large,bright light dancing in the sky.I called Jim and asked him to look up.He kept 5 ,“What is that?”“A UFO!”I shouted excitedly.I 6 it was round and red in the center.,.,1.【解析】填unusual。由下文“I saw a UFO in the daytime”可知是一次不平凡的经受，故填unusual。,2.【解析】填Early。由下文“this morning”可知是在交代故事发生的时间，故填Early。,3.【解析】填who。在此who引导从句作Bill的定语。,4.【解析】填when。由上下文所述动作在时间上的关系可知。,5.【解析】填asking。由下文“What is that?”可知是在问；再者，keep doing 是固定用法，故填asking。,6.【解析】填noticed。句意：我留意到它是圆形的，中心发红。,考点一 单词拼写,单词拼写重在考察学生识词、记词和用词的力量，与阅读的结合越来越亲密，表达了“词不离句，句不离篇”的特点。在考察的词类方面，以实词，尤其以名词、动词、形容词、副词为主。考察形式主要有：依据句意及首字母提示完成单词，依据句意及汉语提示完成单词。,A依据以下句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。,(2023宁波中考),1.A shark is a dangerous _(动物)that lives in the sea.,2.Lin Shuhao did a good job in the basketball match last month.He is my favorite _(明星).,3.John is _(,幸运的,)enough to be chosen for the swimming club.,4.It has been the _(,第十,)day since we climbed the Great Wall.,5.He borrowed my iPhone 4s and hasnt _(,归还,)it to me.,B在以下各句的空格内填上一个适当的完整的单词，该词的首字母已给出。,6.Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple f _ onto his head.,7.In my hometown,the weather of this summer is much h _ than that of last summer.,8.Tom and Jerry r _ their bikes to Uncle Mas farm twice a month.,9.The mother cat was killed,and the baby cat had to live by i _.,10.Pass me that pair of glasses,please.I cant see the words c _.,1.【解析】填animal。a dangerous animal一种危急的动物。,2.【解析】填star。star既可以指太空中的星星，也可以指各行各业的“明星”人物。,3.【解析】填lucky。形容词作表语。,4.【解析】填tenth。,5.【解析】填returned。所在句子是现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故填returned。,6.【解析】填fell。句意为“当牛顿正在苹果树下坐着时一个苹果落到了他的头上”。在此when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时，所以填fell。,7.【解析】填hotter。句意为“在我的家乡，今年夏天比去年夏天炎热得多。”hot炎热，此处用比较级，所以填hotter。,8.【解析】填ride。句意为“汤姆和杰瑞每月骑车去马叔叔的农场两次”。ride骑车，该句用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填ride。,9.【解析】填itself。by itself单独；靠它自己。,10.【解析】填clearly。句意为“我不能看清单词”。clearly adv.清晰地；清晰地。,考点二 词形填空,该题型重点考察：同一词根的不同词形变化；序数词与基数词的区分运用；名词的单复数及全部格；代词的用法；形容词和副词比较等级的运用以及动词各种时态语态的敏捷运用。,依据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。,2023兰州中考,1.Lucy usually enjoys _(she)in front of the mirror before leaving home.,2.“Why are you late for school again?”said his teacher _(angry).,3.My uncle lives on the _(twelve)floor of the building.,4.We all received an _(invite)to her wedding.,5.You can go _(cross)the street when the traffic lights turn green.,1.【解析】填herself。考察代词的用法。she的反身代词为herself，故答案确定为herself。,2.【解析】填angrily。此处须填副词修饰动词said，意为“他的教师很生气地说”；angry的副词是angrily，故答案确定为angrily。,3.【解析】填twelfth。考察序数词的用法。句意：我叔叔住在该楼的第12层。故答案确定为twelve的序数词twelfth。,4.【解析】填invitation。由句中供给的“received(收到)、invite(邀请)、wedding(婚礼)”可推断句意为：我们都收到了参与她的婚礼的邀请。再者，依据要填词前面的冠词an可知此处须填可数名词，故答案确定为invitation。,5.【解析】填across。由句中所供给信息可推断句意为：绿灯亮时你可以过大路。cross是动词，明显不行和前面的动词原形go连用，但我们可以联想到cross(穿过)=go across，故答案确定为across。,考点三 短文填空,常见的命题形式有四种：1依据短文内容及首字母汉语提示，填写所缺单词；2阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；(3)从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空；4依据短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词。,该题型重在考察考生在“词不离句、句不离篇”的具体语境下敏捷用词力量。文章题材丰富，内容也多项选择取学生生疏的材料，与日常生活息息相关。,依据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。每空限填一词,2023泰安中考,ask,answer,for,and,large,learn,mean,question,why,smile,Long ago,there lived a learned man in Greece.He was well-known 1 his wide knowledge.And lots of people from all over the country came to 2 things from him.The great man taught his students with all his heart and 3 their questions with patience.,One day a student,4,him,“My dear teacher,didnt you say you have many more questions than we do?But we think we students have a lot more than you.”With a,5,the teacher drew two circlesone is as,6,as a big plate(,盘子,),and the other is smaller.,“Of course,Ive learned much more.But I dont think I know all you know.Now,look at these two circles.Inside the big one is my knowledge of things,7,inside the smaller one yours.Out of the circles is what we dont know.My circle is larger,so its line is longer.That,8,I have more opportunities to meet with what we dont know.And thats,9,I myself have more questions than you do.The more you learn,the more,10,youll have.You will never learn enough,you know.”,1.【解析】填for。be well-known for因知名。,2.【解析】填learn。learn sth.from sb.向学。,3.【解析】填answered。句意为“急躁地答复他们的问题”。,4.【解析】填asked。句意为“有一天有位学生问他”。,5.【解析】填smile。with a smile面带微笑。,6.【解析】填large。as large as a big plate像一个大盘子那么大。,7.【解析】填and。表顺接、并列关系。,8.【解析】填means。句意为“那意味着我有更多的时