单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 Computers,Grammar,现在完成时的被动语态,1.I,already,(open)the door,so you,can com in.,2.We,just,(sweep)the floor,so the,floor is very clean.,3.He,(be)ill for three days.,4.I,(know)him since ten years,have opened,ha,ve swept,has been,have known,表过去发生或已完成动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与,already;just;yet,等连用,2,）,表过去开始，延续到现在的动作或状态。延 续,性动词，时间状语,since,for,用括号中的动词的正确形式填空,构成,have/has+p.p,The Present Perfect Passive Voice,现 在 完 成 时 的 被 动 语 态,1),As the year have gone by,I,have been made,smaller and smaller.,2)A wrist-worn PC,has been invented,recently.,3)Many new buildings,have been built,in TianTai,since 1990.,4),Has,the door,been painted,?,No,，,it hasnt,5)The desks,have not been cleaned,.,Discovering:,have/has+done,肯定式,:,否定式,:,疑问式,:,Have/Has,主语,been,done?,have/has,not,+been+done,构成：,been,二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法,1,）,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结,果。当动词为短暂动词时，可与,already,或,yet,连用，但不能与,for,或,since,引导的表示一段的,时间状语连用。例如：,1,）,Im sorry,，,but the letters havent been typed,yet.,2,）,The work has already been finished.,2,表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持,续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与,for,或,since,引导的时间状语连用，或用于,How,long.,？句型中。例如：,1)The plan has been discussed for nearly 2,hours.,3,用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某,时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语,态代替将来完成时的被动语态。,1)You can go home as soon as your task,has been finished.,1)Manynew houses,(build),inthevillage inthepastfewyears.,2)Themoon,already,(visit),byman,.,3),Joan,(give)youanEnglish-,Chinesedictionaryyet?,No.ButI,(give)anEnglish-,Englishdictionary,4)Paper money,(use)for over a,thousands years.,5)How long,her work,(finish)?,用动词的正确形式填空,have been built,has been visited,Have given,have been given,have been used,has been finished,1.The cinema has shown more than 20 famous films.,2.They have made a plan to plant more trees.,3.He has offered me a good job.,More than 20 famous films have been shown in the cinema.,A plan has been made to plant more trees.,改为被动语态,I have been offered a good job./A good job has been offered to me.,三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点：,1,现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即,have/has,和,been,，两者缺一不可。,2,与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去,时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情,况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调,与现在情况有联系。例如：,1)The library was built last year.,2)The library has been built.,3,非延续性动词，如,borrow,，,finish,，,begin,，,start,，,buy,，,marry,，,open,，,join,等构成的现在完成,时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要,表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。例如：,How,long has he joined the army,？,(,),How long has he been in the army,？,(,),【,注意,】,这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与,since,或,for,构成的时间状语连用。,The book has not been borrowed since last month.,自上个月以来就没有借过这本书。,Exercises,1.Both my brother work at the power station that _ in my hometown.,A.has set up B.has been set up,C.was set up D.is set up,2.-_ the sports meet will be put off.,A.Ive been told B.Ive told C.Im told D.I told,3.All the preparation for the task _,and were ready to start.,A.completed B.complete,C.had been completed D.have been done,4.-How long _ at this job?,-Since 1990.,A.were you employed B.have you been employed,C.had you been employed D.will you be employed,B,A,D,B,5.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.,A.are not decided,B.have not been decided,C.is not being decided,D.has not been decided,B,6.No permission has _ for anybody to enter the,building.,（,MET1988,）,A.been given B.given C.to give D.be giving,A,7.Until now,his homework has not _ finished.,A.being B.be C.been,D.to be,C,8.The,windows _,you need not wash it again.,A.is washed B.was washed,C.has been washed D.will be washed,C,9.The snow on the street _,you can go home now.,A.has been cleared B.had been cleared,C.will be cleared D.was cleared,A,summary,现在完成时的被动语态,1,基本结构,：,2,肯定式,:,3,否定式,4,疑问句式,:,have/has+been+done,have/has,been,done,have/has,not,been,done,Have/Has,主语,been,done?,the end,