单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,非谓语动词,Non-predicate Verbs,非谓语动词Non-predicate Verbs,1,一、功能,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语,不定式,v-ing,v-ed,一、功能主语宾语表语定语状语宾语补足语不定式v-,2,二、主要用法,（一）非谓语动词做定语,1.to do,作后置定语,表将来,e.g.The car,to be bought,(buy)is for his sister.,当被修饰的名词前面又被序数词和最高级修饰时或被,the only,修饰时,e.g.He was the best man,to do,(do)the job.,e.g.She was the first woman,to win,(win)the gold,medal in the Olympic Games.,二、主要用法（一）非谓语动词做定语,3,某些抽象名词如,ability,，,attempt,chance,opportunity,effort,，用,to do,作后置定语,e.g.Do you have the ability,to read and write,English?,某些抽象名词如ability，attempt,chanc,4,2.to be done,表将来，“将被做”,e.g.The question,to be discussed,(discuss),tomorrow is very important.,3.doing,与被修饰名词主动关系,I dont know the boy,standing,(stand)under the tree.,2.to be done,5,4.done,与被修饰名词被动关系,e.g.Have you read the novel,written,(write)by,Dickens?,5.being done,正在被做,e.g.The houses,being built,(build)now are for the teachers.,4.done,6,练一练,1.He was the last one _(leave)school yesterday.,2.The child _(stand)over there is my brother,3.Peter received a letter just now _(say)his,grandma would come to see him soon.,4.Its said that the Olympic Games _(hold)in,London in 2020 will cover more events than any,other Olympics did.,练一练1.He was the last one _,7,5.Do you have the ability _(read and write)English?,6.The building _(build)next year is our dormitory.,7.I think the scientific advances _(mention)in your,article are interesting.,8.The meeting _(hold)now is of great importance.,5.Do you have the ability _,8,(,二,),非谓语作状语,1.to do,表“目的”，为了做某事。还可作原因状语,e.g.Helen had to shout,to make,(make)herself,heard above the sound of the music.,e.g.Im very glad,to see,(see)you.,表意想不到的结果，结果却,e.g.He hurried to the station only,to find,that the train had left.,(二)非谓语作状语1.to do,9,2.to be done,作状语,表“目的”，为了被,表意想不到的的结果，结果却被,e.g.He hurried to the station only,to be told,(tell),that the train had left.,2.to be done作状语,10,3.doing,作状语,与逻辑主语是主动关系，且与主句的谓语动词,基本上同时发生,e.g.Not,knowing,(know)what to do,he went to,his parents for help.,4.Having done,作状语,与逻辑主语是主动关系，先于主句谓语动词发生,e.g.,Having bought,(buy)a precious diamond necklace for his wife,Tom couldnt afford a tie for himself.,3.doing 作状语,11,5.done,过去分词作状语,与逻辑主语是被动关系，,e.g.,Encouraged,(encourage)by her teachers,Rose did well at school.,6.Having been done,作状语,与逻辑主语是被动关系，且先发生,Having been asked,(ask)work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.,5.done过去分词作状语,12,补充：,非谓语作状语，也可用连词,when,while,once,until,if,unless,although+doing,或,done,e.g.,If given,more attention to,the trees could,have grown better.,e.g.We have to consider the need for environmental,protection,when developing,economy.,补充：,13,练一练,1.The island,(join)to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.,2.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_,(say)nothing,about the argument.,3.(translate),into English,the sentence was,found to have an entirely different word order.,4.,(open)in 1955,Disneyland in California is,regarded by many as the original fun park.,练一练1.The island,(joi,14,5.According to a recent U.S.survey,children,spend up to 25 hours a week _(watch)TV.,6._(complete)the project as planned,well,have to work two more hours a day.,7.When _(ask)why he went there,he said,he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.,8.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless,_(water)every day.,5.According to a recent U.S.,15,9._(search)the website of the Fire Department in your city,and you will learn a lot about firefighting.,10.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only,_(tell)thefilmstarshadleft.,11._(live)in Nanjing for many years,he knows,the place very well.,12._(keep)in the fridge for two hours,the food has gone bad.,9._(search)the website of,16,(,三,),非谓语作宾语补足语,1.,不定式,to do sth.,作宾语补足语,常见的用不定式作宾补的动词有,:ask,cause,get,want,wish,tell,advise,encourage,persuade,invite,permit,allow,force,expect,beg,urge,require,call on,e.g.I asked him to come over.,(三)非谓语作宾语补足语1.不定式to do sth.作,17,2.doing,作宾语补足语,表示与宾语是主动关系，“一直做或正在做”,e.g.I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.,3.,过去分词,done,作宾语补足语,表示与宾语是被动关系，“被做”,e.g.I often hear this English song sung by Lily.,4.“,省略,to,的不定式”作宾语补足语,表示与宾语是主动关系，表动作的全过程,e.g.The teacher had me repeat the story.,2.doing作宾语补足语,18,练一练,1.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _(issue)clear warning before firing any shot.,2.Passengers are permitted _(carry)only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.,3.I smell something _(burn)in the kitchen.Can I call you back in a minute?,4.Dont leave the water _(run)while you brush your teeth.,练一练1.An army spokesman stress,19,5.To learn English well,we should find,opportunities to hear English _(speak)as,much as we can.,6.My advisor encouraged me _(take)a,summer course to improve my writing skills.,7.Paul doesnt have to be made _(learn).,He always works hard.,8.We found the students seated at tables and had,their eyes _(fix)on the scene of the launch,of Shenzhou V spaceship.,5.To learn English well,we s,20,(,四,),非谓语作主语,1.,不定式,to do,作主语,e.g.To find a best friend is difficult.,=It i