单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句,The attributive clause,The boy,who,is reading,is Tom.,先行词,关系代词,Hospital is,a place,where a doctor works,.,先行词,关系副词,（一）定义及相关术语,1.,定语从句：,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。,2.,先行词：,被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。,3.,关系词：,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,关系词有关系代词和关系副词,关系代词,:,关系副词有,:,when,where,why,who,whom which,that,whose,指人：,指物：,既指人又指物：,as,等,A plane is a machine.The machine,can fly.,A plane is,can fly.,关系代词的实质,the machine,a machine,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that/which,Join the following sentences:,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The lady is Green.We saw her yesterday.,her,The lady,we saw yesterday,is Green,Who/that,关系词通常有下列三个作用：,A.,引导定语从句,；,B.,代替先行词,；,C.,在定语从句中担当一个成分。,The man shaking hands with my father a policeman.,who,is,is,（二）关系代词引导的定语从句,1.,who,指人，在定语从句中作主语。,The boys playing football from Class One.,Those to go to the museum at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.,who,are,are,who,want,must be,Yesterday I helped an old man had lost his way.,That is the teacher teaches us physics.,who,who,2.,whom,指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。,Mr,Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus.,Li Ming is just the boy,whom,I want to see.,(),(),The professor,whom,you are waiting for has come.,The girl,whom,the teacher often praises is our monitor.,(),(),(,),(,),注意：,关系代词,whom,在口语或非正式文体中常可用,who,来代替，也可省略。,The man,whom/who,you met just now is my old,friend.,(),(,),3.,which,指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。,Football is a game,which,is liked by most boys,.,The factory,which,makes computers,is far away from here.,He likes to read books are written by foreign writers.,The house looks nice.,This is the pen which he bought yesterday.,The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all.,which,which,is by the lake,(),(),(,),(),4,that,指人时，相当于,who,或,whom,；,指物时，相当于,which,。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略,。,The number of people,that/who,come to visit this city each,year,reaches one million.,Where is the man,that/whom,I saw this morning,?,The person,that/whom,you introduced to me,is very kind.,The season,that/which,comes after spring,is summer.,Yesterday I received a letter,that/which,came from,Australia,.,5.,whose,通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。,I visited a scientist,whose,name is known all over the,country,.,He has a friend,whose,father is a doctor,.,I once lived in the house,whose,roof has fallen in,.,注意,：,指物时，常用下列结构来代替：,The classroom,whose,door is broken,will soon be repaired.,The classroom the door,of which,is broken,will soon be repaired.,Do you like the book,whose,cover is yellow,?,Do you like the book the cover,of which,is yellow,?,（三）“,介词,+,关系代词,”引导的定语从句,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由,“,介词,+,关系代词,”,引出。,The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.,in,which,The school he once studied is very famous.,in,(which/that),Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine,(which/that),you asked for.,Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine you asked .,for,which,for,This is the boy(whom/who/that),I played tennis with,yesterday,.,This is the boy,with whom,I played tennis yesterday,.,with,Well go to hear the famous singer,about whom,we have often talked,.,Well go to hear the famous singer,(whom/who/that),we have often talked about,.,about,The manager,whose,company I work in,pays much attention to,improving our working conditions.,The manager,in whose,company I work,pays much attention to,improving our working conditions.,in,注意,：,1.,含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。,如：,look for,look after,take care of,等。,This is the watch,(which/that),I am looking for,.,for,.,若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用,whom,，,不可用,who,that,；,关系代词指物时只可用,which,，,不可用,that,。,关系代词是所有格时用,whose,。,The man with whom you talked just now is my,neighbour,.,The man with that/who you talked just now is my,neighbour,.,The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.,The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.,