,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Reader-Response Theory,By Zhang Xi,Main Contents,The Origin of the Theory,Various models of the readers,The Origin of the Theory,hermeneutics,Phenomenology,Hermeneutics,Hermeneuticshermes(_,赫尔墨斯,);,Traditional hermeneutics,is the study of the interpretation of written texts;,Modern hermeneutics,encompass everything in the interpretative process including verbal and non-verbal forms of communication.,Phenomenology,It was first put forward by German philosopher Edmund Husserl in 1930s.,Phenomenology,a philosophical movement based on the investigation of phenomena(i.e.things as apprehended by consciousness)rather than on the existence of anything outside of human consciousness.,It examines the readers role in literature,claiming that there would be no literary work at all without participation of readers.,The reader has a special identity.He is endowed with certain characteristics and performs special functions.,Various models of the readers,W.Gibson,Mock reader or the fictitious addressee,It is one who listens to and agrees with the fictitious author,or it is the sole played by the actual reader if he really wants to enjoy the story he is reading.,W.C.Booth,Created reader,Created by the author is that his values and beliefs must coincide with those of the authors.For the actual reader,this implies that he should agree to play the role of this created reader in order to enjoy the literary work he is reading to the full.,Wolfgang Iser,Implied reader,The reader whom the text creates for itself and amounts to“a network of responseinviting structures”which predispose us to read in certain ways.,the act of reading.doc,Gap or Blank,存在于文本中已经写出的局部向读者示意或提示的语言和情节构造中。,AnOverviewofReader_ResponseTheory.pdf,Hans Robert Jauss,For him,textual interpretation is largely a question of reconstructing the readers“horizon of expectation”.,historical reader,It is based upon the central notion of the“horizon of expectations,”“the set of cultural,ethical,and literary expectations of a works readers in the historical moment of its appearance.,Horizon of expectation,a term used in the reception theory of Hans Robert Jauss to designate the set of cultural norms,assumptions,and criteria shaping the way in which readers understand and judge a literary work at a given time.It may be formed by such factors as the prevailing conventions and definitions of art,or current moral codes.Such horizons are subject to historical change,so that a later generation of readers may see a very different range of meanings in the same work,and revalue it accordingly.,Stanley Fish,The theory of affective stylistics:arguing that the meaning of a text resides not in the formal configurations but in the experience of reader.,For Fish,this reader is someone who projects,expects and corrects his responses all the way as he moves from one word to the next in his linear processing of a text.,The informed reader,Characterized by three notable competences:,Competence in the language of the text,Semantic competence,Literary competence,J.Culler,The ideal reader,Someone who has possessed,or rather internalized,the literary conventions,the mastery of which would enable him to perform literary readings acceptable to other readers,for such conventions constitute the very institution of literature itself.,N.Holland,Transactive reader,One who“works explicitly from his transaction of the text.“,identity theme,AnOverviewofReader_ResponseTheory.pdf,For him,literary interpretation is a function of identity.,This transactive reader recreates his identity in reading through a process called DEFT(defense-expectation-fantasy-transformation).,David Bleich,He argues that modern philosophers of science have correctly denied the existence of an objective world of facts.,He regards reading as a process which depends upon the subjective psychology of the reader.,Thank you!,