,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气,Subjunctive Mood,语气,英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。,语气,陈述语气,(,The Indicative Mood),用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。,People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV.,How should we act towards people who have AIDS.,What a brave girl!,语气,祈使语气,(The Imperative Mood),用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等。,Let me do it.,Please keep quiet in the reading room,.,虚拟语气,是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等,(,在,条件,从句中或,让步,状语从句中,),；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等,(,在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,),。,虚拟语气的概念,Practice:,1.If I _(be)you,I _(take)her,advice.,2.If I _(be)there then,I _(help),them.,3.If you _(go)abroad in the,future,you _(find)English really,helpful.,were,would,take,had,been,would have helped,went/should go/were to go,would find,Practice:,1.If it _(rain)last night,it _(be)very,cool today.,had rained,would be,The Subjunctive Mood,一 时间选择型,(,时态前推型,),条件从句,结果主句,与现在事实相反,did,were/was,would do,与过去事实相反,had done,(had been),would have done,与将来事实相反,did/were/was,were to do,should do,would do,1.,含有虚拟条件句,有时用,but for,without or otherwise,等词代替条件句,:,1.Without your help,I _(fail)in the experiment.,2.I was very busy,otherwise I _,(join)you in the game.,would have failed,would have joined,思考,:,还有哪些词语会引起类似的动词形式呢,?,Pratice,:,1.,Even if/though,he _(be)here now,he_,(not,be)able to help us.,2.Nothing _(save)your father,even if/though,the doctor _(arrive)in time.,3.,Suppose/Supposing/,(that)there _ the Internet,what _(happen)?,were,wouldnt be,could have saved,had arrived,werent,would,2.wish,as if/as though,would rather,if only,等词所接的从句谓语也用“时态前推”型,Practice:,1.I wish it _(be)spring all the year round.,2.We wish we _(arrive)two hours earlier.,3.It is so cold as if it _(be)in winter.,4.He speaks English so well as though he _(study),English in England.,5.It looks as if it _(be)going to rain.,6.Id rather he _(not,tell)you about it.,7.If only I _(be)as young as you!,8.If only I _(follow)your advice then!,were,had arrived,were,had studied,is,hadnt told,were,had followed,二,(should)+,动词原形型,1.,动词的宾语从句,1.She advised that I _(return)the books to the library on time.,2.The teacher proposes that we _(do)plenty of reading after class.,(should)return,(should)do,思考,:,还有哪些词有此用法,?,suggest(,建议,),propose,advise,ask,request,demand,require,insist(,坚决主张,),order,desire,等,.,2.,主语从句中,A.It,is suggested/ordered/requested/advised,that(should)do,B.It is important/necessary that(should)do,C.It,is,strange/a,pity/no wonder,thatshould do,(,表惊奇,惋惜,理应如此等感情时,),Practice,:(Translation,),1.It is strange that he _(be)here.,2.It is a great pity that she _(be)so weak and thin.,3.It is suggested that we _(try)hard to enlarge our vocabulary by reading practice.,4.It is important that we _(pay)attention to our own thinking when we are learning a foreign language.,5.Her expression suggested that she _(be)angry.,be,be,try,pay,was,3.,与,suggestion,order,advice,request,demand(n,.),等有关的表语或同位语从句,eg,:,My advice is that you should do your exercises first.,三 情态动词,+have done,型,should(not,)have done/,ought(not,)to have done(,责备,),could have done,sth,.(,惋惜、庆幸,),neednt have done,sth,.(,后悔,),Judging from the photos they brought back,it _(,不可能是,)a pleasant journey.,Look,there is a grocery.We _,(bring)such a lot of food.,couldnt have been,neednt have brought,四 一般过去式型,1.It is(high/about)time that we,had,dinner.,五 动词原形型,(,表祝愿时,),1.God,bless,you!,2.Long,live,the,the,friendship between us!,3,.May,you,succeed,!,4.,May,you both,be,happy!,But:,5.Wish you every success!,Wish you a good journey!,